segunda-feira, junho 21, 2010
Emprego vs Produtividade (parte I)
e o peixe que rema contra a corrente, e o peixe que segue com a corrente.
So Krugman's...
"As grandes obras públicas estão a revelar-se incapazes de diminuir o desemprego em Bragança, com os inscritos nos centros de emprego a aumentarem, apesar das necessidades de mão de obra serem suficientes para absorver todos os desempregados da região.
O distrito está transformado num estaleiro, com empreitadas em simultâneo de estradas e barragens que representam um investimento sem precedentes no Nordeste Transmontano superior a 1.500 milhões de euros, só na fase de construção."
Este exemplo pode fazer jeito a alguém
O prémio... e as dificuldades, da coerência
However, if someone were to walk into a McDonald’s and say, “I feel like having a curry today,” the service provider would not reply “Sure. That will increase our revenues. Let me shut down the grill and make you one.”
Instead, the reply (except, perhaps, in India) would be, “I’m sorry, but we are not designed to meet every possible need. Perhaps I can help you find somewhere nearby that can give you what you want?”
As companies keep discovering to their cost, it is certain business decay if you try to please all possible market segments. The broader the group of clients to which you try to appeal, or the wider the range of services you try to provide, the less customized your operation can be to each segment within that group.
If you never say “no,” you will just be one more undifferentiated firm, trying to do a little bit of everything and, as Skinner pointed out, will almost certainly be superb at none of them."
The situation has been made worse by many firms’ explicit (if misguided) efforts to transform themselves into “one-stop shopping” operations with extensive efforts at cross-selling additional services to clients and customers.
Too many firms have made growth and size their strategic priority, rather than differentiation. Instead of identifying and executing a clear market positioning, many companies and firms have consciously pursued a policy of “If you need it, we can do it!”"
domingo, junho 20, 2010
Em saco roto
- cláusula 5.6.2.b "retorno da informação do cliente"
- cláusula 7.2.3.c "retorno de informação do cliente, incluindo reclamações do cliente"
- cláusula 8.2.1 "Como uma das medições do desempenho do sistema de gestão da qualidade, a organização deve monitorizar a informação relativa à percepção do cliente quanto à organização ter ido ao encontro dos seus requisitos. Os métodos para a obtenção e a utilização desta informação devem ser determinados."
Para prevenir os erros na área da saúde, o bastonário considera essencial conhecer os casos de falhas e discuti-los."
Nunca esquecer...
Be simple
20 questões importantes para um negócio
- A Rita (ou o Manuel) e eu somos grandes apreciadores de ópera:
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- Por isso, vamos criar uma empresa. Uma empresa que organiza espectáculos de ópera para serem apresentados nas festas de Natal das empresas industriais portuguesas...
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Será que tal empresa tem futuro? Será que existe um mercado com dimensão crítica para suportar o negócio? Se calhar estamos a delirar? Não podemos confundir o que queremos e gostamos com o que o mercado quer e gosta."
As anedotas
sábado, junho 19, 2010
O dia do julgamento final aproxima-se...
Competência versus irracionalidade
Para reflexão
sexta-feira, junho 18, 2010
Qual o CV de um e de outro?
Se não fosse o peso do cuco...
Aguardemos...
Não confundir a realidade com o mapa da realidade
Acerca do futuro da VW
Desmascarar mitos (parte III)
quinta-feira, junho 17, 2010
3800 postos de trabalho abatidos ou estrangulados ou Qimonda II
Só há um caminho a sério
quarta-feira, junho 16, 2010
Ah e tal...
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Mas o mundo durante este Verão de 2010 mudou... e, para salvar o euro...
O jornal económico do regime demorou 13 anos
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Lembro-me de Cravinho na TV a defender as SCUTS para lá de qualquer razoabilidade. E aquilo que para mim, já na altura, era claro e evidente, só agora é que chega ao mainstream:
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"As SCUT são um erro. Hoje em dia é uma evidência praticamente consensual, mas esta conclusão podia ter sido tirada há muitos anos. Ou seja, a crise económica e orçamental apenas vieram sublinhar com um marcador vermelho uma realidade que já era percebida desde o início.
A paternidade da má decisão política foi de João Cravinho em 1997, no primeiro Governo de António Guterres. Ele é o pai das SCUT. E os problemas estão lá desde o início. Por um lado, os utilizadores não tinham noção do custo. Ou seja, dá uma noção de gratuitidade que é perigosa. Como todos sabemos, não há almoços grátis. Assim, por outro lado, todos os contribuintes pagavam as SCUT, embora só alguns circulassem. Agora percebe-se que o fardo a suportar pelas contas públicas é demasiado pesado. É um luxo que o país não pode suportar. E percebe-se agora também que a aposta nas estradas foi exagerada. Portugal tem estradas de rico mas é pobre. Devia-se ter seguido uma política pública mais equilibrada, colocando mais fichas noutra cor. A ciência, a investigação e a cultura são boas alternativas aos exageros do alcatrão."
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Trecho retirado do artigo "O disparate das SCUT" publicado no jornal económico do regime.
Ou a ditadura do federalismo ou o caos...
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Ontem veio defender que se Portugal não tivesse aderido à então CEE tinha sido o descalabro...
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Há sempre alternativas! Não sei se estaríamos melhor ou pior, seria diferente com outras alternativas, com outros constrangimentos.
Apologia da flexibilidade
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"Early in his tenure as CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch promulgated a hard-nosed policy for his company’s divisional managers: Either get to be number 1 or number 2 in your markets, he warned them, or expect to be dumped by the Mother Ship. And Welch delivered on his threat: He unloaded 117 businesses—or 1 in every 5 GE businesses— valued at $9 billion. When the heads of those number 3 and number 4 industry players protested, pointing out that (in many cases) they were highly profitable,
…
Now, I’d be the first to admit that Welch had some housecleaning to do when he first took the helm at GE. Nevertheless, there is one thing wrong with this … approach. It assumes that someone in the organization can define “market share” in a meaningful (i.e., “profitable”) way. As the BMW/DaimlerChrysler example amply illustrates, fuzzy thinking about market share can infiltrate the corner offices of some of the world’s smartest corporations.
Insisting on being number 1 or number 2 in your market—without first having a very clear understanding of what definition of market share really drives profitability—can take some very interesting opportunities off the table. Howard Stevenson, an expert in entrepreneurship at Harvard Business School, jokingly used to thank Jack Welch for creating so many good opportunities for “the rest of us.”
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As mighty GE packed its bags, unfurled its sails, and sailed out of the harbor, smaller competitors were quite happy to move in on the abandoned territory.”
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Trecho retirado de "Where Value Hides" de Stuart Jackson
Persistência, paciência, paciência e paciência
terça-feira, junho 15, 2010
Anedota
This is so un-Portuguese.
Portuguese governments are not professional pool players, they work within a very short timeframe. Last September the government forecasted a deficit of 5,x%, then on December 8,x%, to get an actual 9,4% in January 2010.
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Now, the EU comission is asking what the Portuguese government intends to do next year to reinforce austerity measures...
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Next year?!?!?! Are they kidding? Portuguese governments will think about that next year.
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This time last year, the Banco de Portugal (Portuguese Central Bank) top management intended to increase their own wages by merely 5%.
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Next year?!?!?!
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"Planning is an unnatural process; it is much more fun to do something. And the nicest thing about not planning is that failure comes as a complete surprise rather than being preceded by a period of worry and depression."
O exemplo alemão
Germany is on the threshold of a tremendous upheaval, and 2010 will show how it will cope with the decline of old industries and the emergence of new ones. It will be a year of renewal for Germany, but also a year of uncertainty for companies and their employees. The foundations for the future of Germany are now being laid. Now is the time when German firms will find out which products remain globally competitive, and which ones won't. "
The ship-launching ceremony at the quayside of the German North Sea port of Emden was decidedly low-key. No one held a speech, and there was no orchestra as the container ship Frisia Cottbus slipped into the water shortly before Christmas. The mood was as somber as a funeral, which wasn't surprising because the launch marked the quiet end of a proud era -- it was the last container ship that will ever be launched by the Nordseewerke shipyard. Its 106-year history of shipbuilding is over.
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But now the parent company, ThyssenKrupp, sees no future for shipbuilding in Emden, and the outlook isn't much better for the other German shipyards. Six of a total of 40 firms in the sector filed for insolvency in 2009. No other industry has been worse affected by the global economic crisis.
But the death of shipbuilding in Emden may herald the beginning of a new industry. The new owner of the yard, SIAG Schaaf Industrie AG, plans to convert it to building steel underwater foundations for wind farms. If the purchase agreement is signed and sealed in January, as planned, company owner Rüdiger Schaaf will invest €40 million ($58 million) in new equipment and transform Emden into a center for wind-power engineering. Under Schaaf's plan, a total of 720 out of 1,200 shipyard workers will keep their jobs.
Painful Transformation
Schaaf has likened the industrial transformation underway in Emden to that of the Ruhr coal and steel region of western Germany. The Ruhr is still struggling to cope with the loss of its former core industries in recent decades. And it's totally uncertain whether the industrial conversion in Emden will succeed. There's no doubt, however, that the change is necessary -- and painful. In Emden. In the Ruhr region. Everywhere in Germany, in the third year of the global crisis.
Germany is on the threshold of a tremendous upheaval, and 2010 will show how it will cope with the decline of old industries and the emergence of new ones. It will be a year of renewal for Germany, but also a year of uncertainty for companies and their employees. The foundations for the future of Germany are now being laid. Now is the time when German firms will find out which products remain globally competitive, and which ones won't. It's already been made clear that there's no world market anymore for container ships, mass-produced clothing, mobile phones or consumer electronics made in Germany. Others can produce those things more cheaply, and better.
This crisis is accelerating the pace of structural change. These days, an increasing number of foreign competitors are capable of producing things that had previously been the domain of German companies. The crisis is exacerbating the process because it has made customers focus even more heavily on price, thereby subjecting businesses to merciless scrutiny in terms of their cost efficiency and quality."
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""There's a race against time going on," says Henrik Enderlein, an economist at the Berlin-based Hertie School of Governance. Unless the economy soon starts growing so strongly that activity returns to normal -- which most economists don't expect -- companies will start laying off workers in the coming months. "We will start seeing the first negative effects on the labor market in the early summer," Enderlein says."
Bigger may be worse
Bigger means you have more purchasing power. Bigger means that your fixed costs are spread over a larger base, which—as a rule— helps your profitability. Bigger means that it’s scarier to compete against you, and maybe fewer competitors will venture into your market space. In many cases, bigger means that you’ve successfully acquired or otherwise vanquished many of your competitors, which gives you the opportunity to raise your prices with relative impunity, which means you can spend more on research and development (R&D) and on marketing your product, which means that you’ve created a virtuous circle.
Much of the thinking coming out of universities and consulting firms in the past half century follows these general lines. For the most part, the scholars and consultants have argued that big companies have big advantages vis-à-vis their smaller competitors. Or, conversely, they argue that the little fish must eventually be forced out of the pond.
So bigger is better, right?
Not necessarily. In this chapter, I argue that in many cases bigger is worse. I’m not just talking about conglomerates that compete in multiple industries. I show that even within a specific industry, bigger is not always better."
Não há sectores obsoletos
O canário espanhol...
segunda-feira, junho 14, 2010
A destruição está a ocorrer, falta a criatividade
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"Até ontem, 1836 sociedades entraram em insolvência, um aumento de quase 10% face aos números do ano passado, de acordo com os dados do Instituto Informador Comercial, a que o DN teve acesso. Em média, são 11,2 insolvências por dia. O número de insolvências, que no final do primeiro trimestre pouco ultrapassava as mil, regista um crescimento de 50% face a Junho de 2008."
Apetece perguntar...
- Será que têm um modelo de negócio?
- Será que têm um plano de negócio?
- Será que têm clientes-alvo?
Competências associadas a um posicionamento
Best Product
• Low Cost: Identify the capabilities that allow us to get significant advantages in
our cost infrastructure relative to our competitors.
Total Customer Solutions
• Redefining the Customer Relationship: Analyze the advantages we might have surfaced from a deep understanding of our customers and the way we attract, satisfy, and retain them.
• Customer Integration: Assess the nature of our unique knowledge base and develop a firm understanding of how it can be transferred to our customers for enriching the solutions to their most critical problems, thus enhancing their profitability.
• Horizontal Breadth: Review and catalog the fullness of the portfolio of products and services that we can provide to our customers either alone or with the support of our Extended Enterprise.
System Lock-In
• Restricted Access: Look at the existence of possible barriers to entry that impede our competitors from reaching into our customer base, and the barriers to exit that hold our customers in our orbit.
• Dominant Exchange: Examine our capacity to transfer to our customers systems that we own and are critical to the conduct of their business.
• Proprietary Standards: Detect our capacity to generate important and impacting intellectual value that attracts complementors and produces a strong network that, to a great extent, we are able to control."
domingo, junho 13, 2010
Pobre Freddy Krugman
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Nicely, nicely isn’t working. Time to get tough."
Segmentar os vários tipos de clientes
"We want to segment customers to identify the best value proposition for each one of them. We cannot and should not treat every customer equally, because they are different. If we do not recognize this, we are making the fatal mistake of commoditizing customers, which ultimately leads toward the commoditization of the business. We have said, “Commodities only exist in the minds of the inept.”
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First, in the process of making lubricants, Castrol had accumulated a remarkable degree of knowledge about plant maintenance. (Moi ici: algo que demora anos a atingir) This is not surprising, since the purpose of a lubricant is to improve the productivity of machinery and equipment of the plant. Rather than using this knowledge strictly for the development of new products, the idea that emerged was that it could be transferred to select customers with consequences that were far more important than merely delivering lubricants.
The second realization was that services were much more critical than products to fight a commoditization syndrome. Product can seldom, if ever, be massively customized; services, on the other hand, are inherently customizable.
They considered three Tiers.
- Primary Target Segment – Productivity-Conscious Customers.
reduce total costs, and promote higher sales.
- Secondary Target Segment – Cost-Conscious Customers.
does not necessarily yield higher sales or economies of scale.
- The Least Desirable Segment – Price-Conscious Customers.
price."
The reason behind that, most of the time, is that they are self-sufficient. The other two tiers offer opportunities for customization and uniqueness of delivery with different degrees of value added. The Support tier expects some help, normally in cost reduction. The Relationship tier seeks as full and complete assistance as it can be given, hoping that this will result in increases of revenues and profitability, as well as cost and productivity improvements."
sábado, junho 12, 2010
Lidar com as prateleiras
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In addition to focusing on value for the customer, suppliers need to rethink their role in ensuring channel performance, especially when it comes to intermediary channels - those that are not supplier owned. One of the major mistakes most suppliers make is to treat intermediary channels as self-managing and to assume that the channel doesn't need the management time and attention that it would get if it were a direct, owned sales force.
Relações profundas não se quantificam
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Jensen's counter-intuitive advice to the superior is not to apologize for the qualitative nature of the feedback but rather to tell the subordinate that if he could actually be evaluated using purely quantitative measures, his job should be outsourced. That is because if everything important about his work could be defined quantitatively, it would be easy and more efficient to design a contract with clearly defined service level agreements with an outsourced provider."
This runs against the prevailing view of customer understanding. Quantitative customer analysis with a large statistically significant sample and multiple choice questions that enable quantitative analysis of the answers is deemed 'rigorous'. Qualitative customer research that uses small samples and conversational and/or observational approaches is considered by many to be lax and/or shoddy — and certainly unscientific."
sexta-feira, junho 11, 2010
Fim ao deboche do endividamento
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O problema que enfrentam muitas democracias avançadas, na Europa e em outras partes do mundo, é o crescente nível dos gastos públicos, dos impostos e da dívida pública. Em conjunto, estes factores afectam seriamente o crescimento económico. Em resposta a esta tendência, o Fundo Monetário Internacional apela a um regresso aos rácios da dívida pública que existiam antes da crise. De outra forma, a explosão da dívida pública vai permanentemente diminuir o crescimento do rendimento per capita em um terço ou mais nas economias avançadas - uma estagnação permanente surpreendente - e afectaria a capacidade dos governos de enfrentar a próxima recessão.
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As principais lições do fiasco da dívida grega não são novas: 1) os governantes eleitos ignoram, sistematicamente, os custos de longo prazo para alcançaram benefícios no curto prazo; 2) esperam para agir quando são forçados a fazê-lo; 3) as políticas governamentais não podem evitar as leis da economia; 4) os governos não podem anular as leis da aritmética; e 5) a política orçamental não é mera contabilidade.
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Quando um Governo pede um euro emprestado (ou um dólar, libra, peso ou yuan), compromete-se a pagar este euro ao valor actual do pagamento de juros futuros e à eventual devolução do capital.
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Esse dinheiro deve ser proveniente de impostos mais elevados, de uma erosão do valor real dos balanços monetários e da dívida pública através da inflação. Ou directamente de um incumprimento de pagamentos e da reestruturação da dívida. Os eventuais custos de qualquer destas acções são severos.
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Além disso, o problema não é apenas a dívida pública. Um rácio mais elevado entre impostos e produto interno bruto apenas troca o problema do défice por um crescimento económico mais lento. Nas últimas décadas, as grandes economias avançadas com impostos mais elevados cresceram muito mais lentamente. E as economias com impostos mais elevados nem sequer registaram défices orçamentais mais pequenos do que os Estados Unidos, uma economia com impostos mais baixos; impostos mais elevados apenas permitiram maiores gastos.
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Assim, será melhor que cada país aplique sérias limitações legais à autoridade orçamental dos seus legisladores. Restrições aos défices orçamentais são um início mas não são suficientes. O imenso crescimento do estado social e a subida dos défices e das dívidas públicas tornaram-se nas maiores fontes de riscos económicos sistémicos tanto a nível nacional como global. Por isso, é preciso aplicar restrições simultâneas aos gastos, impostos e dívida para evitar crises económicas e financeiras futuras.
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O problema não é que os governos tenham falta de recursos para gastar mas que o aumento dos gastos, impostos e da dívida pública estão a afectar negativamente o crescimento económico e os padrões de vida futuros. Este futuro parece estar no horizonte não apenas na Europa, mas em todo o lado, a não ser que os governos restrinjam os seus gastos."
Onde isto já vai...
Actividades versus resultados
quinta-feira, junho 10, 2010
A nossa exportação mais importante
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"During the research for a forthcoming book, I started to think about the impacts of our prolonged stagnation on the job market. Interestingly, in spite of low job creation, until recently unemployment never rose to really high levels. Therefore, I was left to wonder what could cause such a phenomenon. The answer was relatively obvious: emigration. We all know that Europe exhibits a low degree of job mobility, but we also know that, historically, Portugal has been a country of heavy emigration"
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BTW, "Ter memória" e "The world doesn't owe us a living"
Mudança de discurso
O triunfo das ideias do Grande Planeador
Quem vier atrás que feche a porta (parte II)
Germany abandoned the Deutschemark in 2002 when it joined the single currency.
The theory is that Germany's exit would prompt a steep fall in the euro, which would go some way to restoring the competitiveness of Germany's debt-strapped neighbors including Spain, Portugal, Greece and Ireland. Exports would rise, allowing them to put money aside to pay their debts and to service the future needs of their ageing populations.
In time, he said, Germany could consider rejoining the euro after a correction in the region's economic imbalance."
"There's no future for any country that is in the sort of mess that these countries are in -- they need the protection of the eurozone," he said.
"It is much more feasible for Germany to say, 'Hey guys 28 percent of our GDP -- and it is growing as a percentage now - is in exports that go outside Europe or outside of the eurozone. (Moi ici: Para empresas que operam no quadrante D o preço é um qualifier não um order-winner) So what do we have to lose by coming out?'"
And remember that German debt is in euros so if the Germans went back to the mark it would be much cheaper for them to pay," he added."
quarta-feira, junho 09, 2010
Quem vier atrás que feche a porta
It paid 5.225 per cent to raise €816m in 10-year bonds, higher than some analysts expect to be charged by the newly created European Financial Stability Facility, which has €440bn at its disposal to help eurozone members facing difficulties issuing debt."
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Em Espanha a coisa está, também, cada vez mais negra "UPDATE 2-Spain small lenders struggling for funding"
Ah!!! É um sector de ponta, alta-tecnologia, um nicho longe dos competidores asiáticos...
Este facto permitiu uma recuperação na utilização da capacidade produtiva, que já está “a níveis normais para a época do ano” para cerca de dois terços das empresas.
Esta melhoria reflectiu-se também positivamente no emprego, com uma tendência de aumento do número de pessoas ao serviço na indústria: “Embora quatro em cada cinco empresas afirmem que ele permaneceu inalterado, as que dizem que aumentou são mais do que as que dizem que diminuiu”, nota a APICCAPS.
Relativamente ao estado dos negócios, pela segunda vez nos últimos três trimestres são mais as empresas que entendem que é “bom” do que as que pensam que é “mau”, sendo esta proporção a mais elevada desde 2001. Ainda assim, três em cada quatro empresas consideram que o estado dos negócios é “suficiente”.
No que respeita à evolução da carteira de encomendas, 43 por cento das empresas diz ter estabilizado, 27 por cento afirma ter aumentado e 29 por cento refere ter diminuído, notando-se um melhor desempenho das empresas com maior peso de colecção própria nas suas vendas. (Moi ici: as que estão no quadrante D)
Reconhecimento merecido
Gostava de saber
Ser diferente
Target faced a choice - one that easily might have put it in the same spot as doomed chains like Caldor or Bradlees. "Some people tried to do the dance on both sides," says Ulrich. "As Wal-Mart got bigger and bigger, [other rivals] started emulating them more, but they were still trying to appeal to an upscale guest. They'd pile shit in the middle of their aisle and then throw in some merchandise that wasn't the right quality for the store level. It's the classic mistake."
Instead, Ulrich's team saw an opening: If Wal-Mart was striving to be the king of logistics, with enough muscle to force vendors to deliver on price, Target could deliver on a great store experience and a product that was exciting and unique. "Wal-Mart's strategy is in many ways more simple than ours," says Ulrich. "It's more about price and more about mass quantities. It's a hell of a competition, but ours is more dependent on innovation, on design, and on quality."
First, it puts our competitors at the center of our management process. Competitors become our driving force, our relevant benchmark. We look at strategy, and consequently at management, as rivalry. In order for us to succeed, we have to beat someone. Strategy is destructive; strategy is war.
Second, and equally troublesome, using our competitors as a way to define our course of action basically anchors us in the past. On reflection, this is an approach that seems counterproductive in a time of revolutionary change, when we want to create discontinuities, not reaffirm old practices. Is this what we should be aiming at in today’s turbulent environment, when change is virtually mandatory? We must challenge our previous state of business. We must have the ability to be creative and separate ourselves from the herd, to find a new and unique way of conducting business.
Often, companies seem obsessed with their competition, studying and watching it intensely to detect anything that could signal a way to operate more effectively.
This might not be a very smart way to manage. I tell my students, “Study your competition deeply, but do not imitate them.” I believe that strongly. It is a meaningful challenge. To separate ourselves from our competitors, we must offer our customers something that is truly unique and distinctive. How do we do that?