"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals" (outra vez)

"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"

Foi uma frase que captei em 2007.

E foi dela que me lembrei assim que o Paulo Vaz me chamou a atenção para este artigo "I Have Seen The Future, And The Future Is a Free Market".

Por um lado a ideia de que a economia é uma espécie de ser vivo em permanente mutação:

"The “economy” is not some granite block that remains unchanged for decades and decades. Like any other thing, manifestations of it arise and then pass away. But they do not disappear. They become something else. It’s like people think the Earth came into being, it’s a done deal, and everything here is permanent and remains the same for thousands of years. No. Things come into being here, pass away, and become something else."

Por outro lado a ideia de Mongo relacionada com as empresas grandes:

"as Nature shows, the bigger will always fall to be replaced by the smaller. Thus, the big retailers will go out of business. Of course! The malls will fall into ruins. Of course! And why? Because people can shop online, yes, that’s one reason. But another is because there are literally tons upon tons of consumer goods, clothes, and various other things in perfectly good condition out there to be had for a penny on the dollar of original purchase price."

E ainda:

"None of this means the economy is getting ready to pop another Great Depression on us. It means the economy is changing as all things must. There is no such thing as any human creation being a permanent structure.
...
The little restaurants of the shopping mall food courts discovered they could do better business as “food trucks” and not bother with paying rent or having furniture. The smaller shops of the malls found they could move into lower rent strip malls. Chain retailers flooded the markets with thousands of tons of consumer goods that thrift stores sell used and, therefore, no one needs to go get this stuff from the chain retailers anymore. In a word, what is happening is a free market is coming into existence right under everyone’s noses and few see it.
.
How so? Because those food trucks have found a way to beat the government out of property tax or the malls out of rent. The second-hand shops have found a way to sell goods without buying them from major corporations. What’s more, ethnic populations often import goods direct from their own countries, often from their own families, and sell them in their own independent shops and offer new goods at a fraction of the price of what the mall would ask.
...
The big retailers and malls need to understand that their time has passed. The free market is coming into existence as we speak.
...
So, no, the economy is not tanking. It is changing.
...
The free market scares the government because it carves huge chunks out of government revenue garnered through taxes. [Moi ici: Algo que escrevemos aqui há anos] Food trucks alone represent huge losses in property taxes they can’t levy against a moving vehicle that parks where it pleases and vends food. The free market scares Wall Street because they’re locked out of it. Thrift stores move into abandoned or vacant buildings paying cheap rents to landlords just grateful someone moved in after Big Retailer, Inc. went belly up. And they sell all the tons of goods the big retailers flooded America with for decades.
...
This free market changes faster than the government can adapt and come up with new taxes to go after them. [Moi ici: Daí aquela frase lá de cima "nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"] I have seen de facto swap meets pop up in vacant lots and just garner passers-by as customers. They sell out of vans and pickup truck beds and communicate locations on Facebook and through text messages to their customers. They move around from abandoned storefront parking lots to empty lots where buildings once stood. Food trucks passing by see them and pull in and set up. Sometimes it’s all coordinated between them. And the cops don’t care. The presence of people like that deters crime."

...
The free market does not mean Wall Street gets to continue to exist and run it. In fact, Wall Street is passing away as we speak.
...
I have seen the future and the future is the true free market. It is being created by people. Not the government, not some political party, not corporations, and not Wall Street. All of them are headed for the same destination as the dinosaurs: Museums."

Curiosidade do dia

Aldous Huxley é a primeira coisa que me vem à mente.

Ler "Artificial womb helps premature lamb fetuses grow for 4 weeks" e pensar em tudo o que se pode "desenvolver" a partir daqui.

Produtividade para o século XXI (parte IV)

Parte I, parte II e parte III.

"According to the traditional manufacturing-related productivity concept, productivity is defined as the ratio between outputs produced and inputs used, given that the quality of the outputs is kept constant (the constant quality assumption), or
Only if the quality of the production output is constant and there is no significant variation in the ratio between inputs used and outputs produced with these inputs, productivity can be measured with traditional methods. The constant quality assumption is normally taken for granted and not explicitly expressed. Therefore, the critical importance of this assumption is easily forgotten. [Moi ici: Forgotten por todos este pormaior fundamental. Subir na escala de valor é uma forma de dinamitar a constant quality assumption. É ela que gera o fenómeno da perseguição entre  gato e o rato (salário e produtividade)] However, in most service processes it does not apply.

In services, it is not only the inputs that are difficult to calculate, it is also difficult to get a useful measurement of the outputs. Output measured as volumes is useful only if customers are willing to buy this output. In manufacturing, where the constant quality assumption applies, customers can be expected to buy an output produced with an altered input or resource structure. However, in services we do not know whether customers indeed will purchase the output produced with a different input structure or not. It depends on the effects of the new resources or inputs used on perceived process-related and outcome-related quality. Hence, productivity cannot be understood without taking into account the interrelationship between the use of inputs or production resources and the perceived quality of the output produced with these resources. The interrelationship between internal efficiency and external efficiency is crucial for understanding and managing service productivity."

Industria 4.0 e a cadeia de fornecimento

"The digitization of the supply chain enables companies to address the new requirements of customers, the challenges on the supply side, and the remaining expectations in efficiency improvement. Digitization leads to a Supply Chain 4.0, which becomes …

• … faster. New approaches to product distribution can reduce the delivery time of fast runners to few hours. ...

• … more flexible. Supply Chain 4.0’s ad hoc, real-time planning allows companies to respond flexibly to changes in demand or supply, minimizing planning cycles and frozen periods. ...

• … more granular. With customers looking for more and more individualization in the products they buy, companies must manage demand at a much more granular level, through techniques such as microsegmentation, mass customization, and more-sophisticated scheduling practices.  ...

• … more accurate. Next-generation performance management systems provide real-time, end-to-end transparency throughout the supply chain. ...

• … more efficient. The automation of both physical tasks and planning boosts supply-chain efficiency."

Imagem e trechos retirados de "Supply Chain 4.0 in consumer goods"

Analogias interessantes

Nesta interessante apresentação, "14 Tips to Entrepreneurs to start the Right Stuff", encontrei este slide:

Que logo relacionei com o mapa da estratégia e o balanced scorecard:

"Sequencing markets correctly is underrated"

“Sequencing markets correctly is underrated, and it takes discipline to expand gradually. The most successful companies make the core progression—to first dominate a specific niche and then scale to adjacent markets—a part of their founding narrative.” – Peter Thiel, Zero to One

Trecho retirado de "Modeling Your Total Addressable Market"

Curiosidade do dia

Gente sem noção:

Estou a imaginar batatas de Chaves a um custo interessante em Jacarta...

Estou a imaginar morangos de Gaia a um custo espectacular em Camberra...

Estou a imaginar tomate ribatejano a um custo de amigo em Joanesburgo...

Gente sem skin in the game farta-de fazer propostas deste calibre, é imaginar a mesma bitola na Saúde, na Educação, na Justiça, na Agricultura, ...

Estratégia, essa neblina

"According to research recently cited in the Harvard Business Review, [Moi ici: Pena que não a identifiquem] only 29 percent of employees of high-performing companies with publicly stated strategies could correctly identify their company's strategy out of six choices. As such, a majority of employees are not in a position to link their personal work initiatives and decision-making to the desired direction of the firm.' Think of it like this: a racing scull with rowers each choosing their own pace or direction would not win many races.
...
Discouragingly, this problem exists between senior executives and their boards as well. Of the 772 directors surveyed by McKinsey in 2013, a mere 34 percent agreed that the boards on which they served fully comprehended their companies' strategies. Only 22 percent said their boards were completely aware of the ways their firms created value, and just 16 percent claimed that their boards had a strong understanding of the dynamics of their firms' industries."

Trechos retirados de "If You're in a Dogfight, Become a Cat!: Strategies for Long-Term Growth" 

Para fazer uns cortes epistemológicos

"The number of patent applications filed by emerging market countries has overtakenthose filed by the developed world for the first time.
The 12 leading EM nations applied for 1.49m patents in 2015, outstripping the 1.48m in developed market countries, according to figures from the World Intellectual Property Organisation, collated by Comgest, a Paris-based asset manager, as the first chart shows.
The figures are a far cry from 2004, when the 12 emerging market countries, which account for the vast majority of developing world filings, made just 372,000 applications, 29 per cent of the 1.3m made by the advanced world.
“This signals the dawn of a new age of innovation as EM economies start to shake off their image as purely centres for low-cost manufacturing for companies in developed markets,” said Emil Wolter, co-head of Comgest’s global emerging markets team."

Trecho retirado de "Emerging markets file more patents than the west"

"Da 'comoditização' para os artesãos - subir na escala de valor "

Da 'comoditização' para os artesãos - subir na escala de valor pela diferenciação c/c @ccz1 https://t.co/PXIFg7f2EU

— Jorge Cangaia (@jcangaia) April 24, 2017

Agora aqui está um bom exemplo sobre o que escrevemos e defendemos acerca do caminho a seguir pelas PME para lidar com a China e com o advento de Mongo.

"Com menos de uma dezena de funcionários, e com uma carteira de fornecimento que assenta no trabalho de artesãos externos, a UrbanMint, a empresa que detém as marcas Munna e Ginger & Jagger, é ainda o protótipo representativo do sector mobiliário português.
.
A empregar cerca de 30.000 trabalhadores, o sector é muito disperso e de dimensão quase familiar. Das 4466 empresas registadas no final de 2015, 3837 tinham menos de dez trabalhadores; cerca de 600 empregava, entre 10 e 249 pessoas e apenas quatro empresas é que não caberiam na definição de pequena e média empresa, por terem mais de 250 trabalhadores.
...
reconhece ao sector do mobiliário um peso crescente nas exportações de Portugal: passou de uma quota de 1,67% em 2012, para os 2,08% atingidos no final de 2016.
.
Apesar de ser um sector com um tecido produtivo muito disperso e atomizado, exportou cerca de 66% da sua produção, que em 2016 atingiu um volume de negócios de 1586 milhões de euros.
...
o sector enfrentou uma reestruturação do seu tecido produtivo, e uma análise ao rácio entre empresas produtoras e exportadoras mostra alterações relevantes. Se em 2011 existiam 5252 empresas a produzir mobiliário em Portugal, apenas 2500 é que eram consideradas exportadoras.
.
Em 2016 o tecido produtivo encolheu (desapareceram 806 empresas), mas aumentou aquelas que se dedicam à exportação: das 4466 empresas registadas, 3187 são exportadoras."

Recordar o que escrevi ao longo dos anos quando não era cool falar do mobiliário (ou do calçado, ou do têxtil, ou do ...):

• O exemplo do mobiliário (parte I), (parte II), (parte III), (parte IV) e (parte V)
• Trabalhar para aumentar os preços
• Campeões escondidos versus campeões nacionais
• ""Às vezes somos alcunhados de loucos, uns miúdos que fazem umas asneiras."
• Autópsia de uma estratégia (parte I e parte II)

Empresas mais pequenas, menos dependentes da quantidade pura e dura.

BTW, e encadear isto nos postais recentes sobre os artesãos? (aqui e aqui , por exemplo)


Trechos retirados de "Micro empresas de mobiliário contribuem para 2% das exportações nacionais"

A ascensão do artesão e da arte na produção (parte II)

Ontem publicámos "A ascensão do artesão e da arte na produção". Depois, ao princípio da tarde fui brindado com:

@ccz1 https://t.co/fJe9UohNuv

— highalpha (@veryhighalpha) April 24, 2017

Entretanto, ao fim da tarde de ontem ainda deparei com:

• Barbearias. “Para se ser barbeiro tem de se ter amor à arte”
• Este pão antigo é fresco e só tem cereais portugueses
• The Artisanal Economies, Entry # 1: the Sofi interview (muito bom, a ler na íntegra)

"Several things happen in this conversation but one of them is that we begin to see into the history, we might even say the “intentions,” of the objects on the shelves. We begin to see that these things come from someone, that they were crafted to a purpose that begins with “coffee mug” and then scales up to include the lifestyle, the community, the economy, the culture that might be loosely designed artisanal.
Ah, now we get it. That’s why things cost more. That object on the shelf of Wal-mart doesn’t have a story. It was made by a stranger in a factory in Chengdu, shipped across an ocean, and banged around in the distribution system until it just happened to roll to a stop here on a shelf. It doesn’t mean very much because capitalism was so busy giving it value, it forgot to give it meaning.
And that’s what Sofi is for, to gently help you see what the mug means. Yes, we can buy a cheaper mug somewhere. But ,by this standard, cheaper doesn’t feel better, it feels poorer. As if everyone in the production – consumption chain as been diminished by the effort.
So, we could say, if we were rushing to conclusions (and that is what we do here), that retail is not merely the last moment in the distribution chain. It completes the meaning making process. And more to the point, it helps consumers understand and grasp the “artisanal premium” they are required to pay. It’s always true to say “we get what we pay for.” The very point of Olives and Grace is to help us see what we’re paying for. It helps solve the problem of cheap food."

Curiosidade do dia

"Em dois meses duplicou número de refugiados a abandonar Portugal"

Desculpas da treta!

"não saem da cepa torta"

Ler este texto "What’s the Second Job of a Startup CEO?":

"A CEO’s first job is to build a product users love; the second job is to build a company to maximize the opportunity that the product has surfaced; and the third is to harvest the profits of the core business to invest in transformative new product ideas.
...
As a Phase 2 CEO, you need to transition from “Doer-in-Chief” to “Company-Builder-in-Chief.” This is how you scale as a CEO, and CEO scaling is the first step in company-building. For most founders, this is very difficult. When you’ve been a successful Doer-in-Chief, it’s hard to stop. It’s hard to stop coding, designing product specs, and interacting with customers on a daily basis. It’s hard to stop answering support tickets, doing all the product demos, and debugging the latest build. It’s even hard to delegate the random and sometimes menial tasks that you’ve accumulated over the years because they were “no one’s job.” But you have to stop doing all of these things so that you can safeguard your time for high leverage tasks that only CEOs can do."

Lê-lo e pensar nas muitas PME que não saem da cepa torta porque, sem o percepcionarem, estão prisioneiras do tecto de vidro. Talvez por causa desta dificuldade em passar do perfil da fase 1 para o perfil da fase 2.

Produtividade para o século XXI (parte III)

Parte I e parte II.

"From the firm’s point of view, managing productivity is a matter of the management of the economic results. By increasing productivity, the economic results are assumed to improve. As long as this indeed is the case, managing productivity makes sense. However, if improved productivity does not lead to better economic results, increasing productivity does not make sense.
The traditional productivity concept has been developed for manufacturers of physical goods as a production efficiency concept. Existing productivity models and produc- tivity measurement instruments are also geared to the context of manufacturers. Moreover, they are based on assumptions that production and consumption are separate processes and that customers do not participate in the production process. [Moi ici: E a co-criação?] Although following market research customer preferences are incorporated into the manufactured products, traditional production systems in manufacturing are closed systems, and traditional productivity models and measurement instruments are developed for such systems. In such closed systems where customers are not directly involved in design and production processes, these assumptions make perfect sense, of course. In service contexts, where the service process (or service production process) to a large extent is an open system, they create confusion, lead to misleading measurements and may guide decision making astray.
...
A totally different approach to productivity has to be taken to obtain a global measure of how well a service provider uses resources to create outputs in the form of acceptable perceived quality and customer value. This is the case for most high-tech and high-touch services."

Trechos retirados de "Service productivity Towards a conceptualization of the transformation of inputs into economic results in services"

"The habits we groove become who we are, one minute at a time"

"The difference between who you are now and who you were five years ago is largely due to how you've spent your time along the way.
...
The habits we groove become who we are, one minute at a time. A small thing, repeated, is not a small thing.
[And the same thing is true for brands, organizations and movements.]"

Também por isto, a minha fixação em "começar pelo fim". Visualizar um ponto de chegada, lançar uma corda ninja e começar a convergir, sem magia, sem estalidos de dedos, um passo de cada vez.

• Começar pelo fim (parte II)
• Começar pelo fim
• "future-back" approach to strategy"

E destaco ainda:

"If you spend a little bit more time each day whining or feeling ashamed, that behavior will become part of you."

Como não recordar os cortisol-addicted.

E a sua empresa? Qual é a cultura que é alimentada todos os dias?

Trechos retirados de "Who are we seeking to become?"

A ascensão do artesão e da arte na produção

"Craft skills have been embraced by the fashion world in recent years as the boundaries between art and fashion blur. Today, artists collaborate on designer collections, while fashion brands sponsor art fairs. Increasingly, labels are exploring artisanal craft through clothes
...
And designers are creating artisanal-minded homeware
...
 the old notion of faceless, mechanised luxury is dead. He believes fashion brands today must be borne out of craftsmanship skills that recognise the value of the human hand. “Craft is our bread and butter at Loewe,” says the 32-year-old designer."

Em alinhamento completo com o que escrevemos aqui há milhares de anos sobre Mongo (Estranhistão), sobre a importância da arte na democratização da produção contra o vómito industrial, sobre a ascensão do artesão. E a reforçar o que penso será o futuro da impressão 3D, não na casa de cada um mas no artesão dos ciber-bairros que frequentaremos.

• Há sempre uma alternativa (parte II) (Maio de 2011)

"Sildávia!!!
.
Não arrisquei escrever Albânia como símbolo de país pobre e atrasado, porque desconfio que nos hão-de ultrapassar enquanto tivermos estas políticas chavistas-de-gravata-à-europeia.
.
Qual a alternativa?
.
Ainda e sempre a ARTE!!!
.
Mentes algemadas olham para a fotografia da realidade e desesperam... e enterram a cabeça entre as mãos e prolongam a espiral viciada que há-de levar ao fim "at some stage".
.
Quem aposta na arte, faz como os artistas, em vez de ver nos obstáculos algo a derrubar, tenta tirar partido da situação, procurando uma pedra angular de onde possa começar a construir uma diferença.
.
Se o pintor usa uma tela, usa pincéis, tintas e luz para criar a obra de arte, o que as empresas devem fazer é reunir o equivalente a esses materiais:"

• Não é passado, é futuro (Setembro de 2015)
• H2H (Fevereiro de 2017)
• Acerca do futuro da impressão 3D (parte II) (Fevereiro de 2017)

E recordo este slide daqui (12:36):

Trechos retirados de "Why fashion is turning to craft"

Já depois de escrever o texto acima encontrei "The Crafting Organisation":

"What if we were to evolve craftsmanship as a true practice for all of us? What if we talked about the ‘Crafting Organisation’, a business operating from a position of deep self-belief, always in beta, curious and confident to face the future? The Crafting Organisation is elegant in everything it does. Seeing the potential of creating beautiful outcomes in the most unusual ways.
...
Is this not a more beautiful way to describe business which not only embraces our humanity, but celebrates it? Tim Smit founder of the Eden Project likes to say that beauty will be the most important word we use over the next 15 years. I would also argue that craft is not far behind."

Curiosidade do dia

"For the 55 million Americans who make their living as freelance workers, tax day is more than just a headache. It’s an annual fleecing.
.
Freelancers now constitute a third of the American workforce, and over the past decade, 94% of new jobs added to the U.S. economy were created in the so-called gig economy. Yet freelancers must retrofit themselves into an archaic system designed for the industrial era, one that taxes independent workers disproportionately even as they benefit less from the social safety net.
...
But the real rub is that freelancers are paying taxes toward a social safety net to which they have little access. Many pay both employer and employee contributions to Social Security, yet are ineligible for unemployment benefits and workers’ compensation.
.
Freelancers who make just enough to receive little or no subsidy for their health insurance are arguably the most penalized. Though they usually live in expensive urban areas, they may bring in only $35,000 or $40,000 a year, and are often subject to unpredictable swings in income that make them highly susceptible to debt."

Por cá é a mesma coisa, ou pior.

Trechos retirados de "Why tax day is a nightmare for freelancers"

"Entretanto, no retalho físico a mortandade continua" (parte II)

Parte I.

"In the first four months of 2017, retailers have announced a total of 2,880 store closures, and some financial services firm Credit Suisse predicts that around 8,600 stores will close this year. That’s more than closed during the financial crisis in 2008, and twice the number that closed in 2016.
...
The convenience of online shopping is a big reason for declining store sales, but retailers also misread the markets in the past few years, opening more stores than their businesses could sustain."

A sua PME está a par disto? Tem um plano B?



Trechos retirados de "Nearly Ten Thousand Stores Could Close This Year As Retail ‘Bubble’ Bursts"

Produtividade para o século XXI (parte II)

Parte I.

"What is meant by productivity?The productivity of an operation is related to how effectively input resources in a process (manufacturing process, service process) are transformed into economic results for the service provider and value for its customers. As a consequence of high productivity, a favorable profit impact should be achieved for the service provider and good value created for the customers. This productivity concept is normally stated in a simplified form as the effective transformation of input resources into outputs, the quality of which is unchanged (a constant quality assumption). In services, especially for two reasons, it has turned out to be difficult to use such a productivity concept. First of all, it is seldom possible to clearly define ‘‘one unit of a service.’’ Because of this, productivity measurements in services are normally only partial measurements, such as how many customers are served per period by one waiter in a restaurant or how many phone calls are dispatched by one employee in a call centre.
...
However, cost-cutting changes in the resources used may equally well have the opposite effect. They may create a servicescape and service process where the perceived quality deteriorates, and customers become dissatisfied with the value they get and start to look for other options. In that case, as less value for customers than before is created in the service process, the service provider’s revenue-generating capability declines. Using a traditional productivity concept, Anderson et al.  studied the relationship between customer satisfaction, productivity and profits in manufacturing and service industries, respectively. [Moi ici: É pensar no hara-kiri em curso dos bancos, por exemplo] They found that in services a high level of either customer satisfaction with quality or productivity measured in a traditional way was associated with higher profit, but not both simultaneously. In manufacturing higher customer satisfaction and productivity levels were found to be associated with improved profits.
In manufacturing, productivity is a concept related to production efficiency. However, the problem with being an effective service organization is that productivity and perceived quality are inseparable phenomena. Improving productivity may have a neutral or positive impact on quality, but equally well it may reduce perceived quality. If the latter happens, satisfaction with quality declines, customer value goes down, and the risk that the firm will lose customers increases. Revenues go down and this may have a negative effect on the economic result, in spite of the fact that costs may have been reduced as well."

Pois, e se tudo for serviço?

Continua.

"Push the envelope in a stable market, but focus on efficiency in an uncertain one"

Esta semana ao ler "If You're in a Dogfight, Become a Cat!: Strategies for Long-Term Growth" achei interessante o autor reforçar esta mensagem:

Sempre que a Apple foi first-mover deu barraca.

Ontem li ouvi este interessante artigo "Sometimes, Less Innovation Is Better":

"in certain situations, more innovation led to poorer performance. Their conclusion: sometimes, less innovation is better.
...
A time of turbulence is mainly defined by three factors. One: the magnitude of change. How much is the industry changing compared with other times? Two: the frequency of change. How often are changes coming at you? And three: predictability. Can you see changes coming? The most important of these is predictability. You can absorb almost any change you can see coming. But if predictability is low, and either frequency is high or magnitude is large, you should scale back innovation until things get more stable. Certainly if all three are working against you, you should innovate less.
...
anytime exogenous forces or shocks to the system happen in their markets—for instance, a new set of regulations or a major political shift—innovators tend to lose. Sudden changes create instability that seem to beg for innovation, but it’s probably better to sit tight and focus on execution and efficiency.
...
Push the envelope in a stable market, but focus on efficiency in an uncertain one."

Almas gémeas!

Ontem de manhã o @joaops chamou-me a atenção para este texto de Nassim Taleb "On Interventionistas and their Mental Defects". Quando ao final da manhã, durante uma caminhada, o ouvia não pude deixar de ficar surpreendido.

Primeiro, Nassim Taleb conta a história de Anteu,  muito forte quando estava em contacto com o chão (ou a Terra, a sua mãe), e muito fraco se fosse levantado ao ar:

"like Antaeus, you cannot separate knowledge from contact with the ground. Actually, you cannot separate anything from contact with the ground. And the contact with the real world is done via skin in the game –have an exposure to the real world, and pay a price for its consequences, good or bad. Most things that we believe were “invented” by universities were actually discovered by tinkering and later legitimized by some type of formalization."

Não pude deixar de relacionar esta estória de Anteu com o tema das sanitas da passada sexta-feira.

Segundo, Nassim Taleb martela nos neocons usando aquilo que há anos chamo aqui de amadores a jogar bilhar:

"O que acontece é que os políticos tomam as decisões, como eu jogo bilhar… quando jogo bilhar só consigo jogar a pensar naquela jogada. Um profissional do bilhar quando pensa na jogada que vai fazer, equaciona e prepara já o terreno para as jogadas seguintes."

Versus:

"these interventionistas not only lack practical sense, and never learn from history, but they even make mistakes at the pure reasoning level, which they drown in some form of semi-abstract discourse. The first flaw is that they are incapable in thinking in second steps and unaware of the need for it –and about every peasant in Mongolia, every waiter in Madrid, and every car service operator in San Francisco knows that real life happens to have second, third, fourth, nth steps." 

Terceiro, algo que me fez lembrar o que aprendi com Deming com o jogo/experiência do funil:

"And when a blow up happens, they invoke uncertainty, something called a Black Swan, not realizing that one should not mess with a system if the results are fraught with uncertainty, or, more generally, avoid engaging in an action if you have no idea of the outcomes."

Almas gémeas!

Curiosidade do dia

Há dias tivemos:

Não admira que tenhamos "Economia paliativa":

"Apesar de tudo isto, persiste o mesmo problema que condenou o feito de Teixeira dos Santos e, mais cedo ou mais tarde, destruirá o de 2016: os cortes e apertos orçamentais foram importantes, e difíceis de conseguir, mas nunca passaram de ajustamentos superficiais, longe do cerne estrutural da dificuldade. A qual, em certas dimensões, está pior do que em 2008. Em ambos os casos, a política é meramente "paliativa", usando analgésicos e esteroides para conseguir exames positivos, sem extirpar o cancro que rói o doente. De novo, iremos de vitória em vitória até à derrota final."

Para assentar ideias

Relativamente a esta imagem

e ao uso do termo "realidade aumentada" em "Do you know what your strategy is?", assentemos algumas ideias.

Existe uma realidade. A moça da figura por trás daqueles adereços virtuais existe mesmo. Só que com a ajuda de uma aplicação num smartphone ela modificou-se e criou uma realidade aumentada.

A minha ideia é pegar nisso e aplicar ao dia a dia. Todos nós, fruto da nossa experiência de vida em curso, vamos como que criando e usando aplicações que influenciam a nossa capacidade de perceber o mundo que nos rodeia. Essas aplicações são tão boas que nem nos apercebemos que elas existem e, por isso, pensamos que os outros humanos vêem a mesma realidade que nós. Só que os outros, porque têm outro "cadastro de vida" têm outras aplicações a funcionar. Assim, enquanto eu vejo a moça da direita da figura, estou a comentar a sua aparência com alguém que olha e vê a moça do centro da figura. Pensamos ambos que estamos a falar da mesma moça mas estamos a falar de uma moça diferente apesar de ser a mesma. Agora imaginem que em vez da moça estamos a falar de produtividade, défice, austeridade... estou a lembrar-me duma personagem do Twitter, super-dragão  deste governo, em sentido figurado; que defende, sem se rir, que acabou a austeridade.

"making customers better makes better customers"

Um texto que gostava que fosse lido por alguns empresários com que trabalhei ao longo dos anos e que tiveram muita dificuldade em abandonar o ADN pré-China. Tinham a estratégia preço tão bem entranhada e ela já lhes era tão instintiva que sentiram muita dificuldade na transição que tiveram de fazer para reordenar as suas empresas para um mundo onde não podiam ser os chineses europeus antes de haver China.

"making customers better makes better customers. While delighting customers and meeting their needs remain important, they’re not enough for a lifetime. Innovation must be seen as an investment in the human capital and capabilities of customers."

O primeiro pensamento que lhes vem à cabeça, a reacção instintiva, é a que critico no texto da subdirectora do DN em "TRETA!"

A tentação é continuar a aumentar o que fazemos, quando talvez haja tanto ou mais valor em acompanhar o "crescimento do cliente, a sua evolução, o seu progresso" (recordar o JTBD) e ir alterando/acrescentando oferta em função dessa evolução.

Produtividade para o século XXI (parte I)

Li este artigo, "Service productivity Towards a conceptualization of the transformation of inputs into economic results in services", em Guimarães, à porta de uma fábrica, em Agosto de 2011.

Na altura fiquei contente por encontrar, finalmente, corroboração alheia para as ideias que defendia e aplicava no meu trabalho e que usava para explicar a evolução da economia transaccionável do país.

"Productivity is a concept used to manage production efficiency in manufacturing. In services, for example, due to the nature of service production processes as open systems and the participation of customers in those processes, such a productivity concept is too limited. Normally, only measure- ments of partial productivity are obtained and no control of the global productivity and its effects on the economic results of the service provider and on customer value is exercised.
...
In the present article, the problems of using a traditional productivity concept in services are discussed and a productivity concept which is geared towards the nature of services and service production processes is developed.
...
It is concluded that measuring productivity as an efficiency issue may be less appropriate in services and that it for measurement purposes may be more appropriate to view service productivity as a profitability concept."

Só nesta introdução há logo duas mensagens que considero importantes.

Primeira: pode parecer, segundo estes trechos, que se pode manter a metodologia de medição da produtividade da produção de produtos e só se precisa de mudar quando estivermos a falar de serviços.

Só que depois de ter descoberto a service-dominant logic e de ter agarrado a ideia de Dave Gray, por exemplo em "Tudo é serviço - Uma história sobre como Mongo se torna inevitável": Tudo é serviço. E os produtos não passam de um avatar dum serviço.

Segunda: a minha clássica luta para medir a produtividade não pela quantidade pura e dura mas pela margem alcançada.

Continua.

As 5 questões

"Great strategies answer five critical questions (“the strategic five”) in ways that are unique to your company: (1) What business or businesses should your company be in? (2) How should you add value to your businesses? (3) Who should be the target customers for your businesses? (4) What should be your value propositions to those target customers? (5) What capabilities should differentiate your ability to add value to your businesses and deliver their value propositions?
.
You won’t find the answers to these questions in most strategy concepts."

O mesmo se passa com a ISO 9001. Ela não só não fornece estas respostas como nem chega a colocar estas questões. A grande vantagem do balanced scorecard é ajudar a lidar com pelo menos quatro daquelas perguntas de forma muito pão pão queijo queijo.

"Instead of asking “Should we adopt TQM?” leaders should ask “How can TQM improve our answers to the strategic five?” A company such as Danaher, which actively seeks to add operational value to each business in its portfolio, would have an answer very different from those of Berkshire Hathaway or IKEA, because the three companies have different strategies for adding value to their businesses. Furthermore, because these companies can answer each of the strategic five questions with precision, they can be disciplined about whether they use TQM and, if so, how. In other words, their strategies are not just unique and specific, but also complete. This enables them to get the most out of strategy concepts without becoming hostage to them."[Moi ici: Como não recordar a diferença entre a caneta e o escrevedor]

Por isso, há uns anos mudei o nome deste blogue. Gosto de trabalhar com o balanced scorecard. Se pudesse só trabalhava sobre o balanced scorecard. No entanto, não passa de uma ferramenta, mais importante é perceber ao serviço de que projecto está.

Trechos retirados de "Why Popular Strategies Always Fade"

Mais sanitas - Curiosidade do dia

Esta semana num almoço com um empresário, ele fez-me ver a importância de uma reunião que tinha tida nessa manhã com os trabalhadores por causa de problemas com as sanitas do balneário fabril.

- Sanitas há em todo o lado. Todos em casa temos uma ou mais.

O problema com as sanitas foi visto por ele como um bom território para exercitar a capacidade crítica dos seus trabalhadores. Ele quer que eles sejam actores cada vez mais críticos, cada vez mais humanos na acepção mais nobre da palavra, cada vez mais capazes de não seguirem as ordens que chegam ao chão de fábrica porque têm uma alternativa melhor.

Como é que se atinge esse nirvana? Não é com um estalido dos dedos! É uma caminhada longa.

Lembrei-me disto ontem ao ouvir as intervenções numa tertúlia nocturna. E recordei o que escrevi recentemente sobre o bispo Berkeley. Penso que foi ele o criador da frase "Se uma árvore cair no meio de uma floresta e não estiver lá ninguém para ouvir, a queda não produzirá som".

O que a vida cada vez mais me leva a concluir é que a realidade existe. No entanto, nós humanos nunca vemos a realidade. Nós só conseguimos percepcionar uma espécie de realidade aumentada

E o que percepcionamos está fortemente influenciado pelas experiências de vida que nos vão acontecendo e que nos vão construindo permanentemente.

O empresário lá de cima, há meses que criou um clube leitura na empresa porque, explicou-me então:

- Como posso aspirar a ter gente com espírito crítico se as pessoas não lêem.

E depois, o desafio seguinte foi libertar as pessoas para a possibilidade de criticar, de não concordar com o que estava escrito.

- Sabe Carlos, para quem não está habituado a ler o que está escrito tem uma aura de sagrado, de não criticável.

O empresário usou a sanita. Eu costumo falar de um programa de televisão que nunca vi com a mesma intenção: "Benvindo a Beirais"

Q pena ñ se fazer um "Benvindo a Beirais" passado no day-after da saída de Portugal do euro. A avalanche de "Marmites" seria linda

— Carlos P da Cruz (@ccz1) October 13, 2016

Ou estas Curiosidades do dia (esta e esta)

E cansado, não sou coruja, não tive espírito para me levantar e dizer naquela tertúlia o que tento agora ao almoço transmitir com estas linhas.

Talvez precisemos todos de falar de mais sanitas, de recorrermos menos a abstracções e mais a referências a coisas que as pessoas percepcionam melhor e relacionam com a sua vida... como o filme da "comprativa" que queria apoderar-se da enxada do trabalhador e nisso ele não foi.

BTW, que melhor exemplo:

Fala em linguagem q as pessoas entendam. Coisas concretas não fales em abstracções https://t.co/DSeGWPUkQ0

— Carlos P da Cruz (@ccz1) April 20, 2017

Conversa que a maioria das pessoas não entende...

Uma banda desenhada, um sketch e uma plataforma de divulgação seria muito mais real para os tais tansos que arriscam:

"Qualquer reestruturação da dívida a envolver um “haircut” afecta os aforradores portugueses, que em Dezembro detinham 41% do seu montante total."

Imaginem um sketch em que os super-vilões Jerónimo & Martins num comício defendem a reestruturação da dívida e são aplaudidos por todos. Então, surge uma espécie de Batman e pergunta aos presentes quantos são aforradores de dívida portuguesa. E muitas pessoas levantam a mão. Então, com uma paciência andragógica, ao estilo de um Cristo e as suas parábolas, ou de um Sócrates (grego) e as suas perguntas, leva as pessoas a perceberem as consequências para a sua carteira do que estavam a apoiar. No fim, os super-vilões carregados de alcatrão e penas são observados por um Lucky Luke.

"Do you know what your strategy is?"

"Does your company (or the one you want to build) have a compelling and clearly articulated North Star? This refers to a company's stated purpose, values, and priorities. The logical extension of this question is explored here: Do you know what your strategy is?
...
Corporate executives often struggle with strategy formulation and communication. In such cases, the problem often starts with an inability to define genuine North Star corporate goals that can be translated into specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-dependent objectives. This often leads to strategic inertia, undermining the ability to effectively respond to the accelerating pace of marketplace shifts. Ask any CEO, and you'll undoubtedly hear this: "Of course we know our strategy!" If this were the case, one should also get the same response from each of the company's key constituencies: the board of directors, employees, business partners, customers, and investors. But the reality is, far too often, companies can't or don't express their strategy in terms that are clearly understood and embraced by their stakeholders. Or there is a serious disconnect between what senior executives say their business strategy and priorities are, and how employees are actually managed and incentivized."

A maior ilusão da comunicação é crer que ela teve lugar, é crer que o conteúdo comunicado é uma realidade objectiva.

O que a vida cada vez mais me leva a concluir é que a realidade existe. No entanto, nós humanos nunca vemos a realidade. Nós só conseguimos percepcionar uma espécie de realidade aumentada

E o que percepcionamos está fortemente influenciado pelas experiências de vida que nos vão acontecendo e que nos vão construindo permanentemente.

Acreditar que um texto escrito ou uma comunicação verbal é objectiva é uma ilusão tremenda.

Trechos retirados de "If You're in a Dogfight, Become a Cat!: Strategies for Long-Term Growth"

"driver of productivity differences"

Um dos temas que mais gosto de estudar é o da heterogeneidade das empresas de um mesmo sector de actividade que operam num mesmo país, com as mesmas leis, com a mesma população e com o mesmo clima.

Ainda recentemente escrevi:

• "But there is a third way" (parte II)
• A realidade existe mesmo?

Por isso, não podia deixar de referir este artigo publicado ontem pela HBR "Good Management Predicts a Firm’s Success Better Than IT, R&D, or Even Employee Skills":

"“…no potential driver of productivity differences has seen a higher ratio of speculation to actual empirical study” than management.
...
Our survey was nationally representative but limited to manufacturing, covering small and large firms across every state in America. With a response rate of almost 80%, it covered plants that account for more than half of all U.S. manufacturing employment, and so is genuinely representative of U.S. management practices. In total, we got data from over 35,000 manufacturing plants in a massive national survey.
.
What does the first-ever management survey at this scale tell us?
.
Management Matters, a LotWe found that only one-fifth of plants use three-quarters or more of the performance-oriented management techniques that we asked about, but that these plants had dramatically better performance than their competitors. The plants that have adopted these monitoring and incentives-based management practices were far more productive, innovative, and profitable. Every 10% increase in a plant’s management index was associated with an impressive 14% increase in labor productivity, meaning the higher value added per worker. And it wasn’t just that already successful firms were more likely to be well-run; plants that switched to performance-oriented practices tended to become significantly more productive, suggesting that better management was driving better performance. Companies with higher management scores were also more likely to expand and less likely to go out of business."

"Entretanto, no retalho físico a mortandade continua"

A evolução do retalho é um tema que me interessa porque é super importante para as PME com que trabalho. A maioria das PME portuguesas não tem marca própria relevante. Ou produzem para marcas de outros ou produzem componentes que serão incorporados nas marcas de outros (B2B2C ou B2B2B2C).

Assim, o seu futuro depende em larga escala, segundo o modelo de negócio actual, do sucesso da última interacção da cadeia, aquele ...B2C. Se esta última interacção falhar, tal como falharam em massa as sapatarias de rua quando chegaram os centros comerciais, as nossas PME terão um problema em mãos.

Ainda recentemente escrevi:

• Isto não vai resultar; e
• "the primary role of the store will not be to sell product"

Não deixa de ser interessante, depois do Isto não vai resultar perceber que a Amazon avança nesta onda "Amazon has patented an automated on-demand clothing factory". Pensem no que escrevo aqui há anos sobre o advento de Mongo e a sua relação com pequenas séries e rapidez. 

Não é líquido que o desafio que a Toyota e Mercedes não conseguiram resolver tenha sido ultrapassado mas é uma pedra no caminho de Mongo. A dúvida maior não é sobre a capacidade de produzir, a dúvida maior reside na capacidade de criar procura... Mongo é também o mundo das tribos e das marcas com valores. Recordar o recente "Conciliação possível?"

Entretanto, no retalho físico a mortandade continua, "Los grandes almacenes británicos dan otro paso atrás: Debenhams y Marks&Spencer cierran 14 tiendas más".

Marks & Spencer era, antes da China, um cliente de topo da TMG portuguesa onde trabalhei entre 1987 e 1989.

BTW, este texto "The Amazon.com Effect: Retailers Say They’re Not Selling, but Consumers Report They Are Buying" (também relacionado com o tema da obsolescência dos indicadores do século XX para apoio à tomada de decisões no século XXI, este postal que ontem fez exactamente 5 anos: "Os indicadores também ficam obsoletos")

Treta!

Ontem, durante uma caminhada, ouvi este artigo "This Swedish Scientist's Transparent Wood Could Transform Architecture" .

.

Depois, durante o almoço, ao consultar o Twitter, fui encaminhado para este outro artigo "Crescer acima das possibilidades" onde li:

"o mercado português, ainda que importante, é demasiado pequeno quando se quer construir valor acrescentado."

E murmurei:
- TRETA!

Então, subitamente surgiu uma relação muito clara entre os dois artigos.

Quando acabei de ouvir o primeiro artigo, ao empurrar a porta lateral do centro comercial onde ia almoçar, pensei logo: este sueco seguiu o caminho menos percorrido. As muito grandes e rentáveis empresas de papel e pasta em Portugal em vez de subirem na escala de valor para continuarem a crescer, só conhecem uma forma de crescimento: aumentar a produção, aumentar a eficiência, aumentar a velocidade de produção. Por isso, é que infestaram o país de eucaliptos. Por isso, é que avançaram para outros países para continuar a infestação. Por isso, é que manobram governos de direita e de esquerda para que continue a crescer a área plantada em Portugal.

Conseguem ver a relação com o artigo da subdirectora do DN? Para gente do século XX só se aumenta a rentabilidade com produtividades superiores baseadas no denominador, baseadas na quantidade.

Agora imaginem o potencial de valor acrescentado que pode estar associado a futuras aplicações de madeira transparente.

E já agora, nunca se interrogam como é que um país tão pequeno consegue ser líder na produção de papel e pasta? Será que nos outros países as suas papeleiras conseguiriam fazer o que por cá se fez e se continua a querer fazer a nível da floresta?


BTW, um pouco de tragicomédia - imaginem aplicar o discurso da subdirectora ao seu próprio jornal... pois.

Curiosidade do dia

Quando as TV, as rádios e demais maioria de media tradicionais estão ao serviço da situação, ou da oposição, antes da procura da verdade.

Mais gente com skin-in-the-game.

"traced to factors under management control"

"In 87 percent of the cases [of stalled growth], the cause could be traced to factors under management control, like management complacency, failure to maintain product innovation, premature abandonment of a viable core business, or a failed major acquisition. In only 13 percent of the cases was management believed to be the unfortunate victim of external factors outside of its control, like major regulatory reform or geopolitical asset seizure."

Trecho retirado de "If You're in a Dogfight, Become a Cat!: Strategies for Long-Term Growth"

Flexibilidade e rapidez a alimentar o reshoring

Em "Small U.S. Manufacturers Struggle to Bring Jobs Back Home" encontro vários tópicos que elenco há anos para justificar o reshoring: Mongo, a flexibilidade e a rapidez. (recuar a 2007)

"began moving operations back to the U.S. from Germany three years ago to hold on to customers frustrated by long lead times and shipping delays.
...
For smaller firms, a “Made in the U.S.A.” label can add marketing cachet and strengthen ties to suppliers and customers as demands for quick delivery escalate.
.
But small firms also face particular hurdles. They typically operate with modest cash reserves and can’t always attract top talent or find U.S. suppliers that meet their specifications. Reshoring challenges are especially pronounced for small businesses in sectors where the U.S. ecosystem of manufacturers, suppliers and skilled workers has largely disappeared.
...
Still, the number of firms taking a look at reshoring is growing. Nearly 70 percent of U.S. and European manufacturing and distribution companies said that they were considering moving production closer to their homes, according to a 2016 survey by the consulting firm
.
AlixPartners LLP. That is up from 40 percent in 2015, according to the survey, which included responses from 107 small, midsize and large companies."

"the clarity of thought"

"One clue that someone doesn't understand a problem is that they need a large number of variables and factors to explain it.
.
On the other hand, turning a complex situation into something overly simple is an even more common way of demonstrating ignorance of how the system works.
.
What we're looking for isn't the number of countable variables. It's the clarity of thought. The coherence of the explanation. The ability to have that explanation hold water even if small inputs change. The explanation might be long, but it makes sense."

Trecho retirado de "Complicated problems rarely require magical explanations"

Um mundo mais fluido?

Reflectir sobre:

"Among the top 100 CPG brands, 90 experienced share declines, according to a 2015 study by Catalina, a leading digital and consumer loyalty firm. Take a moment to let that soak in …90% of the leading household goods brands are losing market share on consistently low-growth categories.
...
The erosion of consumer loyalty among the most esteemed brands represents a changed philosophy of buying. The standard for brand switching is no longer the failure of a brand to perform but rather its inability to seem like an entirely new and interesting option at every single purchase cycle.
...
Two thirds of consumers surveyed said that the number of companies or brands they consider when making purchase decisions has increased significantly compared with 10 years ago.
...
They recognize that establishing and maintaining ongoing connections between consumers and their brands is becoming less and less realistic. Instead, those companies must continue to transform their offerings to treat each and every purchase occasion as a victory and invest in innovation that meets a constant need for change. Lifetime consumer loyalty is no longer a valid goal in the world of CPG because as much as it suits manufacturers, it’s simply no longer meaningful to consumers."

Não, não creio que seja por causa do que Simonsen defende, "O papel da marca em Mongo". Acredito que é mais por causa do Estranhistão e do referido em "Conciliação possível?"

Trechos retirados de "The Death Of Brand Loyalty: Cultural Shifts Mean It's Gone Forever"

Curiosidade do dia

Enquanto o presidente se embala com as primeiras páginas, "Sarampo. PR pede que pais pensem na saúde dos filhos para Estado não recorrer a meios obrigatórios", os problemas de fundo continuam:

"Em 2013, morreram, por dia, 12 pessoas em Portugal, devido a infecções hospitalares. São os dados mais recentes e ainda reflectem a necessidade de melhorar a higienização nas unidades de saúde."

Recordo 2008.

Trecho retirado de "DGS quer profissionais de saúde a lavar mais as mãos" publicado em Maio de 2016. Lembra-se de alguma indignação com estes números?

Um punhado de pérolas (II)

Parte I.

"Embrace External Trends.
The outside world can push you into Day 2 if you won’t or can’t embrace powerful trends quickly. If you fight them, you’re probably fighting the future. Embrace them and you have a tailwind.[Moi ici: Abraçar a mudança em vez de lhe resistir]
.
These big trends are not that hard to spot (they get talked and written about a lot), but they can be strangely hard for large organizations to embrace.
...
High-Velocity Decision Making...
First, never use a one-size-fits-all decision-making process. Many decisions are reversible, two-way doors. Those decisions can use a light-weight process. For those, so what if you’re wrong? I wrote about this in more detail in last year’s letter.
.
Second, most decisions should probably be made with somewhere around 70% of the information you wish you had. If you wait for 90%, in most cases, you’re probably being slow. Plus, either way, you need to be good at quickly recognizing and correcting bad decisions. If you’re good at course correcting, being wrong may be less costly than you think, whereas being slow is going to be expensive for sure."

Isto não vai resultar

Coisas que confundem um anónimo da província, "Walmart vuelve a plantar cara a Amazon: negocia la compra de Bonobos por 300 millones".

Walmart é a rainha do low-price no retalho físico. Preocupada com o poder da Amazon no retalho online e para o contrariar ... começa a comprar marcas criadas de raíz para o comércio.

"El gigante estadounidense de supermercados se ha hecho en los últimos meses con los pure players ShoeBuy, Moosejaw y ModCloth para aumentar su presencia online"

Da Bonobos recordo "Bonobos: an America's Hottest Brands Case Study".

Este anónimo da província, com a deformação profissional de raramente deixar de pensar em estratégia, acha estranha esta conjugação de uma empresa com uma cultura de low price com estas marcas. Isto não vai resultar.

"the creation of more unique, modern pieces that appeal to different tastes"

O avanço de Mongo manifesta-se, concretiza-se nesta evolução das tendências: "Minimalism Is Dead. Hello, Maximalism":

"An increasingly global design culture is playing a role in the surge of maximalist design as well, driving the creation of more unique, modern pieces that appeal to different tastes.
...
“Design is often led by feeling,” Giulia Molteni, a spokesperson for the Italian brand Molteni&C, says. “And maximalist design invokes maximum senses. Bold color is not only for the eyes, it’s for the soul. Interesting materials and textures are not only felt, but also seen. Right now, our senses crave more, crave something different.”"

Que investimento?

"SHAREHOLDER VALUE CREATION is the outcome—not the driver—of effective business strategy, which should be aimed at profitably creating and retaining satisfied customers. But how can a business best do this? In this chapter, I will show how the actions of a firm at all levels can create value for shareholders and other stakeholders.[Moi ici: A nossa ideia de que há objectivos que devem ser encarados como consequências, a obliquidade]
...
how can a firm improve its ROIC? [Moi ici: Return on invested capital] Figure 4.1 suggests that the drivers of ROIC include actions that either increase the numerator (by improving operating margins) or decrease the denominator (by reducing the amount of investment required for a given level of business output). [Moi ici: Outra ideia que acarinhamos no nosso trabalho, a diferença entre o numerador e denominador] These measures themselves can be further deconstructed into a set of management actions that drive higher-level business results.
...

...
every business function can and should contribute to shareholder value enhancement. Business functions can do this by improving revenue growth, which is the primary domain of marketing and innovation, or through operational and capital efficiency, which is a shared responsibility throughout the organization. As such, every employee within an organization should clearly understand how the creation and retention of satisfied customers drives overall profits, revenue growth, and shareholder value, and how their actions contribute to this. If employees do not understand the value of their daily activities, they are probably working ineffectively, working for a company with a poorly communicated management strategy, or both."

Quantas empresas se preocupam com isto? Quantas empresas investem realmente em fazer com que os trabalhadores percebam o que é realmente importante?

Trechos e figura retirados de "If You're in a Dogfight, Become a Cat!: Strategies for Long-Term Growth"

Curiosidade do dia

"Não havendo melhores condições de crédito do que as que são oferecidas pelas verbas incluídas em rubricas do Orçamento do Estado, os que recorrem ao "swap" são os que foram expulsos pela porta da despesa pública - mas depois voltam a entrar pela janela da dívida pública. O que não se deixa entrar no Orçamento no presente e se encaminha para o crédito com "swap" tem como futuro a dívida, e ninguém o poderia ignorar quando tomou essa decisão."

Trecho retirado de "O presente tem futuro"

A minha abordagem preferida

Começar pelo fim:

"Scrapping the “present-forward” perspective, they no longer started with an assessment of its current products and contracts.
.
Instead, they began the planning process by envisioning the company in the further-off year of 2030. Starting with a clean sheet of paper, they imagined how customer needs would be different due to geopolitical forces, defense budget crunches, and technological disruptions. The exercise was conducted with brutal honesty as to how its product pipeline would unfold and play in the newly envisioned “future state” of the world."

O anónimo da província há anos que recomenda isto: "future-back" approach to strategy"

Um punhado de pérolas (I)

"There are many ways to center a business. You can be competitor focused, you can be product focused, you can be technology focused, you can be business model focused, and there are more. But in my view, obsessive customer focus is by far the most protective of Day 1 vitality.
...
As companies get larger and more complex, there’s a tendency to manage to proxies. This comes in many shapes and sizes, and it’s dangerous, subtle, and very Day 2.
.
A common example is process as proxy. Good process serves you so you can serve customers. But if you’re not watchful, the process can become the thing. This can happen very easily in large organizations. The process becomes the proxy for the result you want. You stop looking at outcomes and just make sure you’re doing the process right.
...
Another example: market research and customer surveys can become proxies for customers – something that’s especially dangerous when you’re inventing and designing products. “Fifty-five percent of beta testers report being satisfied with this feature. That is up from 47% in the first survey.” That’s hard to interpret and could unintentionally mislead.
.
Good inventors and designers deeply understand their customer. They spend tremendous energy developing that intuition. They study and understand many anecdotes rather than only the averages you’ll find on surveys. They live with the design.
.
I’m not against beta testing or surveys. But you, the product or service owner, must understand the customer, have a vision, and love the offering. Then, beta testing and research can help you find your blind spots. A remarkable customer experience starts with heart, intuition, curiosity, play, guts, taste. You won’t find any of it in a survey."

Trechos retirados de "2016 Letter to Shareholders"

Granel, fiambreiras e rouxinóis

Conciliação possível?

Em "The importance of purpose in a digital world" sublinhei estes trechos

"Purpose is not a marketing idea, it’s a company idea – and it drives the entire organisation. Essentially, it’s that unique identifier that answers why the brand exists and defines how the customer experiences the brand. Purpose touches on how a company operates and delivers its social impact and its shared values.
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We call organisations that have a clear sense of purpose ‘purpose-led organisations.’ These businesses don’t just pay lip service to a cute slogan, being purpose-led means making every effort to ensure that all decisions and actions taken by business leaders – be that with customers, employees, suppliers, partners, shareholders or the wider community – fully encapsulate and transmit its values.
...
With purpose, values, meaning and brand in alignment, that message must carry through every point of interaction with the outside world: websites, content, advertisements, even the helpdesk script.
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Businesses hit the sweet spot when those expressed values can, through association, say something positive about the customer. When customers get a strong sense that ‘your values are my values’, when they believe the company’s commitment to those shared values is genuine and that communicating that bond to their peer group says something desirable or favourable about them, or simply engenders a feeling of pride, that’s when the magic happens. It brings the brand to life.
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I feel as if the shift toward purpose we’re now seeing is one of a number of examples lately that demonstrate an encouraging change in the way organisations relate to the public. Whether it’s businesses and their customers or governments and citizens, it’s the human element that’s now, happily, coming to the fore.
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Purpose, in the context of business, is the realisation that companies have always sold more than what’s inside the packaging. My hope is that as western society proceeds on its collective journey toward knowing itself, we’ll see it transform into one that reflects who we are, what we want to be, and serves us in the ways that we really need."

E volto a sublinhar aquele:

"Businesses hit the sweet spot when those expressed values can, through association, say something positive about the customer. When customers get a strong sense that ‘your values are my values’"

Agora admitamos que isto tem um fundo de verdade (pessoalmente acredito que sim e escrevo-o aqui há vários anos) e acrescentemos o que Seth Godin escreveu em "We are all weird" e que sublinhámos em "Estranhistão... weirdistão".

Se a massa central homogénea de clientes está a desaparecer e a espalhar-se cada vez mais em grupos heterogéneos, como é que as empresas grandes vão conciliar a mensagem do artigo citado com a evolução da realidade? Como é que a mesma empresa vai conciliar trabalhar em simultâneo para diferentes grupos cada um com diferentes valores?

Pessoalmente não acredito que tal seja possível no longo prazo. Outra força a contribuir para o advento de Mongo e para uma paisagem de oferta muito mais diversa.

Curiosidade do dia

A propósito de "FMI: Empresas batoteiras prejudicam a produtividade" e deste trecho:

"É que quando as empresas fogem ao Fisco, permitem-se levar a cabo investimentos que não são tão produtivos, porque o custo do capital que aplicam é, artificialmente, mais baixo. É como se estas empresas estivessem a ser subsidiadas. Ora, se investem de forma menos exigente, também têm piores resultados e, na verdade, atrasam o crescimento da produtividade do país.
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Se, pelo contrário, forem obrigadas a pagar todos os impostos devidos, os incentivos são colocados nos investimentos certos. Se estas empresas acabarem por não sobreviver, então é porque não eram suficientemente produtivas, não criavam valor suficiente. Ao saírem de atividade, acabam por abrir espaço no mercado para que as outras, as cumpridoras e produtivas, ganhem quota."

Será que também podemos aplicar o mesmo racional às empresas que obtêm subsídios e apoios dos governos e dizer exactamente o mesmo?

"É que quando as empresas fogem ao Fisco, [Moi ici: Recebem apoios e subsídios] permitem-se levar a cabo investimentos que não são tão produtivos, porque o custo do capital que aplicam é, artificialmente, mais baixo. [Moi ici: Como não recordar as explorações agrícolas com dezenas de tractores] É como se estas empresas estivessem a ser subsidiadas. Ora, se investem de forma menos exigente, também têm piores resultados e, na verdade, atrasam o crescimento da produtividade do país." 

Que preparação?

Este texto "Does Shopping Still Have a Future? What if Shoppers Became Makers?" está em linha com o que aqui costumamos escrever sobre Mongo, sobre o Estranhistão, sobre a democratização da produção, sobre o futuro da evolução do retalho. Fez-me lembrar o almoço do passado dia 10 onde discutimos este tema com os gerentes e director financeiro de uma fábrica.

"One of the possibilities that is now often put forward by experts and already giving rise to many business promises is the idea of providing customers with the opportunity to make, prepare, grow, or build their own things.
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The success of collaborative spaces — coworking spaces, makerspaces, fab labs, hackerspaces — that have spread fast in urban centres (and sometimes also in more rural areas), testifies to the idea that modern-day commons are indeed being (re)invented. The popular makers movement is further evidence that the Do It Yourself trend continues to spread across the globe."

Já fui mais crente neste modelo. Actualmente acredito mais num futuro em que os clientes recorrerão a especialistas glocais com quem replicarão as relações com os artesãos do passado.

O que não me oferece dúvida nenhuma é a necessidade das lojas físicas do futuro se reinventarem, de encontrarem novos modelos que atraiam os clientes. Sem isso, nada feito.

Isto é muito importante para o comércio português mas também para as PME, que produzem produtos com marca própria ou para marcas de outros, e que são vendidos no retalho físico.

Chamo a atenção para o lead do texto "Always-On Strategy":

"Why do companies fail or fall behind their rivals? Among the many reasons, three stand out. Some companies miss a major strategic shift or industry disruption. Others see a big change coming but fail to develop the right strategy in response. And some define a winning strategy but are not able to implement it effectively."

"the person who can't stop playing the short game"

"the person who can't stop playing the short game... well, he realizes that it's all sort of a house of cards, and often indulges in the urge to freak out, disgorging panic and fear and even hatred on the person that's easy to blame.
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The thing is, thin ice doesn't give you a lot of leverage, and thin ice can be a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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The first step for the agent, the middle manager, the hanger-on is to invest in the long term, to find an arc that actually builds an asset that lasts.
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And the second is to act 'as if'. All that panic doesn't pay off. It merely makes it more likely that the people you need to earn trust with will do precisely the opposite."

Trecho retirado de "How thin is your ice?"

Acerca da minha missão

Sábado passado, a propósito de "Outra lição de 2008" voltei a este postal de Outubro de 2015, "um atestado de desconhecimento da realidade". E não pude deixar de voltar a ler o comentário que o Bruno Fonseca então fez:

"de rir ouvir hoje a Helena Garrido a falar.
disse que, basicamente, os portugueses têm baixa produtividade apesar de trabalharem imenso, porque quase "distraiam-se" com tantas horas."

Recordei-me logo de outra explicação para a elevada produtividade dos emigrantes portugueses na Europa Central: a saudade.

Não estou a brincar, basta ler "Ainda a produtividade luxemburguesa vs a produtividade"

Estas explicações podem ser compreendidas se considerarmos o conteúdo de documentos como o referido em "Actualizem o documento por favor".

Todos estas opiniões só concebem olhar para o denominador da equação da produtividade:

Daí a importância da minha missão de chamar a atenção para o numerador.