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Alguns trechos:
Acho sempre a última frase:
"The product/service does not creat the job."Uma espécie de afronta ao pensamento tão em voga junto da tríade keynesiana: a produção cria a sua própria procura.
"The product/service does not creat the job."Uma espécie de afronta ao pensamento tão em voga junto da tríade keynesiana: a produção cria a sua própria procura.
"Uma medida em sentido contrário foi a redução do IRC, por beneficiar quem não tem concorrência e já lucra mais." [Moi ici: Quer isto dizer que quem exporta não tem lucros? Quer isto dizer que as empresas não precisam de capital para investirem e criarem emprego?]Estes bem-intencionados economistas passam por cima dos números da evolução das exportações desde 2005, com taxas de crescimento entre as mais elevadas da zona euro e acreditam que só com apoios do Estado é que as empresas podem conquistar quotas de mercado no exterior.
"Em Portugal, têm proliferado os casos de incompetência, de influência de grupos de interesse, de corrupção, de sobreposição de objectivos políticos a critérios económicos, etc."Pessoalmente, acredito que a quantidade de malandros é bem menor do que aquilo que se suspeita. Acredito sim é que o Estado não tem informação suficiente para tomar boas decisões, nem nunca terá.
"Uma amiga saiu da da aula de hidroginástica , chega ao cacifo encontrando-o arrombado e totalmente vazio. Staff nem toalha extra oferece..."Associei logo a situação a um bom exemplo, para incluir nesta série de postais. Empresas que se concentram na eficiência e, por isso minimizam a área "Joint Sphere":
"Vou usar este tweet como incógnito no blogue. É o low-cost"E a cena ainda piorou mais ainda, por mensagem directa o autor do tweet tornou a história ainda mais picante. Identificou o nome da organização... uma que tenta passar uma imagem de distinção e superioridade face à concorrência.
"Business leaders must steer away from simplistic “strategies” such as cutting costs to meet a margin target, bundling products to increase cross-sell, or buying the number 4 or 5 player to become number 1 or 2. And they must refocus their efforts on addressing the fundamentals of steering a company:Trecho retirado de "Long-Termism Is Just as Bad as Short-Termism"
- What businesses should we be in and how do we add value to them?
- Who are our target customers and what is our value proposition to them?
When management of current performance and future investment is guided by distinctive, compelling answers to these fundamental questions, it produces profits that are truly earned. And the more these fundamentals guide business leaders’ decisions and actions, the more sustainable our companies’ growth and profits will be — and the less their leaders are compelled to rob the future to achieve today’s results or sacrifice the short term in order to build for tomorrow."
- What capabilities make us best at how we add value to our individual businesses and how well they deliver their value propositions?
"It takes discipline to intentionally leave something incomplete, so that others may complete it.Isto pode traduzir-se em, por exemplo, um produto minimalista que permite customização posterior, ou um produto descarregado de atributos e mais atributos mas focado numa resposta às necessidades de um grupo-alvo.
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The best innovators know what visual artists and neuroscientists know: there is nothing more powerful than the ability of the human mind to create meaning from missing information. Whatever form your idea takes–strategy, product, service, startup–if you want it to “tip,” you might just want to make it more about less."
""O compromisso foi muito importante, não só porque se conseguiu fazer um aumento do salário mínimo, até acima daquela que era a expectativa de muitas pessoas, mas também porque se conseguiu ligar atualizações futuras do salário mínimo à produtividade do país", congratulou-se."Perguntem-lhes, com bons modos, como se vocês fossem muito burros, com genuína ingenuidade, como é que decidiram medir a produtividade do país.
"One of the United States’ defining – and disheartening – economic trends over the last 40 years has been real-wage stagnation for most workers.Há qualquer coisa neste artigo que não bate certo.
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the absence of real-wage growth is a major factor behind the stagnation of family incomes.
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Many influential economists are now worried that the US faces anaemic growth and “secular stagnation,” owing to a persistent gap between aggregate demand and full employment. Stagnant middle-class incomes imply weak aggregate demand, which in turn means slack labour markets and stagnant wages for most workers.
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Porter and Rivkin are not calling on businesses simply to pay their workers more. Instead, they are urging businesses to engage in a “strategic, collaborative” push to improve education and training to raise the skill levels of their workers.
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The reality is different. US productivity has been growing at a respectable pace for two decades. The problem is that productivity gains have not translated into commensurate wage increases for the typical worker or income growth for the typical family.
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According to standard economic theory, real wages should track productivity. As Lawrence Mishel of the Economic Policy Institute has documented, this was the case from 1948 until about 1973. Since then, real wages for the typical worker have flat-lined, while productivity has continued to climb. Mishel calculates that productivity increased 80.4% from 1948 to 2011, while median real wages rose only 39% – almost none of the wage growth occurred during the last four decades.
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Strong productivity growth is an important policy goal. But it is not enough to increase most workers’ wages or most families’ incomes.
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Some 20 years ago, Alan Blinder of Princeton University corralled a number of economists, including me, to examine existing studies on the link between profit-sharing and productivity. The overwhelming majority of the studies found a strong positive effect.
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America’s long-run living standards and economic competitiveness depend not just on productivity growth, but also on how that growth is shared. More equitable sharing of profits with America’s workers and their families would do much to address the worrisome stagnation of wages and middle-class incomes in recent decades."
"On the other side, we have a CFO, who has been given the mandate to cut down on cuts. This is fair enough in tough times, but the problem is that the CFO and his alliance do not really know much about innovation. They cut too deep. They lose their patience. No wonder. You get immediate results by cutting costs and – if successful – you have to wait 3-7 years to see the results of innovation. If you don’t know how innovation works, this becomes a no-brainer."
"His most provocative thesis, excerpted in a popular WSJ column, declares that "competition is for losers" and entrepreneurs should embrace monopolies. This is an ingenious framing device—just controversial enough to arouse debate, but commonsense enough to make an incrementalist acknowledge its virtue. Thiel is not suggesting that capitalism is bad. He's saying that, precisely because capitalism is wonderful for consumers, it's hell for companies. Truly competitive industries, like Manhattan restaurants, see their profits gobbled by rivals and fickle eaters."Esta manhã li um texto em que o autor defendia que quanto maior um conselho de administração, quanto mais membros integrar, maior será a tendência desse conselho para não arriscar, para escolher projectos menos arriscados.
"Large corporations with small boards (around nine to 10 directors) outperformed their peers on shareholder return by 8.5 percentage points, while firms with large boards (13 to 14) underperformed peers by 10.85 percentage points,"A não ser que... essas empresas consigam remover muito do risco dos seus projectos.
"The best businesses compete on value, not price. In many situations, world class businesses have higher prices than that of substitute competitive offerings, but they differentiate their value beyond simple product attributes to incorporate other elements, such as service, into the offering.Trechos retirados de "Best Practices to Sell on Value Rather than Price"
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Successful organizations identify drivers of value from their customers’ perspective and work from the market back in to their business to determine and quantify how those drivers create value for customers. They then work hard to train their sales force to sell this value to customers effectively.
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almost every B2B industry today has a perceived “low cost” player or players that consistently underbid the market in an effort to win on price.
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To combat these low-cost competitors, successful businesses must sell on value.
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Segment your market carefully. While some customers and some transactions will always depend primarily on price, in every market, you will always find some customers and situations who care more about value than price. Success requires a determined effort to identify these customers and situations.
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Understand exactly how you impact your customers’ bottom lines and quantify that value in dollars.
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Train your sales force on these elements of value."
"In recent years, many companies responded to the challenging economy by approaching competition from a financial perspective. Business owners strove to keep their organizations as lean as possible, to optimize efficiency, and minimize the risk of losing business to a rival who offered lower prices."No entanto, há os minoritários que decidem seguir outro caminho, quase uma blasfémia:
"But at the same time, some companies launched products and services - not all of them true necessities - which became must-have items despite being priced at the high end of their markets.Os primeiros, ainda que não o pareçam, são como aqueles espaços Grab & Go, templos da transacção, honestos mas assépticos. Os segundos, estão disponíveis para a empatia e personalização:
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What enabled those businesses to zig as the market overall zagged? In many cases, their driving success was not in sales, but in storytelling. Their revenue ran counter to market trends because they created a narrative that integrated those products and services into the lives and identities of their target customers."
"Share the story of the personal interests, challenges, or pain points that led you to develop your products or services. That shows your prospects that you have some common experiences and goals--that you “get” who they are and what they need. “People want to feel good when they make purchasing decisions."Recentemente, numa empresa, propusemos o seguinte lead para o começo da primeira história:
"Lembra-se daquela história sobre areia suíça vendida à Arábia Saudita? Era uma areia especial. Recentemente tivemos a história do petróleo argelino vendido à Venezuela. Era um petróleo especial. E uma empresa portuguesa começar a vender peles para a pátria das peles de alta qualidade? Sim, uma empresa portuguesa começar a vender peles para Itália... devem ter algo de especial, não?"
"that interactions are situations in which the interacting parties are involved in each other’s practices. [Moi ici: Não é uma mera transacção, não basta ir à prateleira buscar um produto padrão, não basta disponibilizar as instalações, é preciso calçar os sapatos do outro] The core of interaction is a physical, virtual, or mental contact, such that the provider creates opportunities to engage with its customers’ experiences and practices and thereby influences their flow and outcomes. Opportunities for interacting are natural in service encounters but may be created in goods marketing contexts too, such as through order taking, logistics, problem diagnosing, and call centers..Interaction is a dialogical process. Customer and provider processes merge into a coordinated, interactive process in which both actors are active, such as when a customer orders a vacation from a tour operator. In direct interactions, the processes are simultaneous and intertwined....the role of the customer and the provider in value creation and co-creation depend on the sphere in which potential and real value are being created. Only in a joint sphere is co-creation of value between the firm and the customer possible....Because value is created in usage, interactions make the value creation process potentially accessible to the provider. If the service provider manages to make use of this opportunity, it may take part in the customer’s value creation process as a co-creator."O esquema que se segue é fundamental:
"How do you get employees to behave in ways that differentiate your brand to the people that matter most to your business: customer prospects, clients, partners, colleagues, and recruits?Trecho retirado de "Tell Your Team What Customers Should Say About Them"
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Too many companies are still trying to create thick manuals that lay out every possible scenario and a corresponding brand-appropriate response — an “if they do this, you do that” kind of approach. Very reactive.
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With the world a messy place filled with unexpected situations, it’s just not possible to anticipate everything. (I’d argue it’s not even desirable.) So if you can’t script every interaction, what are some ways to drive a consistent customer experience from a diverse range of employees across an even more varied range of interactions? ... You have to work from the outcomes back. And the best way to do that is to work back and from a single question: What do you want them to say after they walk away?"
"The more important the outcome of a decision, the more people will resist using evidence to make it."Foi dela que me recordei ao ler este trecho de Dave Gray:
"The more important the decision, the less informed the decision-maker will be.
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The more important a decision, the higher it will typically be escalated in an organization. The higher it goes, the more it will be removed and abstracted from the actual situation and the problem that needs solving. This means decisions are escalated to people who know less and less about what’s actually going on."
"No topo das prioridades dos empresários contactados pelo Diário Económico, está o maior apoio às pequenas e médias empresas (PME) e, em particular, ao fomento da criação de emprego.
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por incentivos ao reforço da competitividade e pela maior capacidade de atrair investimentos."
"Outras medidas passam ainda pelo alívio da carga fiscal das empresas,"E de onde vem o dinheiro para os apoios, os fomentos e os incentivos?
"Todos os políticos que disserem agora que desconheciam o que iriam ser as consequências dessas suas decisões só mostram que não eram políticos (que têm o dever de antecipar para controlar e evitar), optando pela posição de cúmplices ingénuos, acreditando na magia dos alquimistas que prometiam transformar a dívida em capital (e o erro que desqualifica um político é o da ignorância das consequências)."Entretanto, ontem, no "portadaloja" encontrei "O PCP e a verdade: um problema com barbas de molho" onde se pode ler, por exemplo:
"Antes do 25 de Abril, o PCP lançou nos meios metalúrgicos a ideia de que o salário mínimo nacional deveria ser da ordem dos 6000$00.Entretanto, o salário mínimo vai aumentar em Outubro e começa o choradinho,
Depois da Revolução e ainda antes do PREC , naturalmente, lembraram-lhe tal coisa. E que disse então Cunhal na entrevista à Vida Mundial de14 de Junho de 1974? Achava tal montante "incomportável para a economia nacional"..."
"desafiando o Governo a atualizar o apoio ao setor no próximo Orçamento do Estado."Se não o podem pagar porque não se manifestaram antes? Por que têm de ser os contribuintes a contribuir para suportar a farsa?
"A TAP divulgou hoje os dados que confirmam uma maior "normalidade" em agosto deste ano face ao mesmo mês do ano passado. De acordo com a informação enviada pela empresa, o índice de regularidade da companhia aérea foi de 99,1% em agosto com um total de 10 541 voos realizados, melhor do que os 98,9% registados em agosto de 2013.Recordar "Unidades que enganam".
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"Entre voos cancelados e regressos ao ponto de partida a TAP registou 76 ocorrências em Agosto de 2013, contra 73 no mesmo período de 2014, apesar de ter efetuado mais 303 voos e transportado mais 105 mil passageiros","
"Executives often know they must break with the status quo, but there are few signposts indicating the best way forward.Lições a tirar:
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Because the future is essentially unknowable, leaders must rely on the past for information and insight. Moreover, given that the future is unknown, there are likely to be differences and conflicts within the organization about what that future might hold. Such conflicts can impede progress on the development and execution of new strategies — especially innovative strategies that depart significantly from a company’s current approach to the market.
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A new future could not shape strategic choices unless it was connected into a narrative that showed its connections with the past and the present. When managers settled on a particular narrative, they could make choices.
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Our study revealed that future projections are intimately tied to interpretations of the past and the present. Strategy making amid volatility thus involves constructing and reconstructing strategic narratives that reimagine the past and present in ways that allow the organization to explore multiple possible futures.
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strategy making was about constructing new narratives that tie together interpretations of the past, present and future. That is, effective projections of the future must be connected to resonant understandings of the present and past. [Moi ici: Espaço de Minkowski]
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A particular view of the future shaped and was shaped by certain understandings of history and present priorities. Envisioning new futures provoked reassessments of the past and present, just as new understandings of current concerns triggered new imaginings of the future and alternative versions of history. Negotiating these interpretive differences proved to be central to strategy making in practice. We refer to this activity as constructing strategic narratives that link together efforts to re-imagine future possibilities, rethink past routines and reconsider present concerns.
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strategic choices were only possible if managers could settle on a particular narrative. We found that for a narrative to guide strategic choices, it had to be coherent, plausible and acceptable to most key stakeholders within the company."
"First, making strategy is not about accurate forecasting. You must consider the multiple interpretations of present concerns and historical trajectories that help to constitute those forecasts. Though the future will likely not turn out the way it was projected, this does not mean that projections do not matter. Articulating projections shapes attention, deliberation, investment and effort.
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Second, achieving an innovative future is not about forgetting the past.
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We found instead that managers need to engage directly with the past to shape a narrative that connects a particular understanding of history to a new future direction.
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Third, strategy making is not about getting the “right” narrative. It’s about getting a narrative that is good enough for now, so that the organization can move forward and take action in uncertain times. This recognizes that strategy will in some ways always be evolving and “emergent.” Our view of strategy making suggests that the narratives that managers construct will shape the direction of future actions, just as those actions, in turn, will lead to further reconfiguring of the company’s strategic narratives over time."
"Today, customization is commonplace for a variety of goods from cars to jeans to computers to many others. Technological advancements are making it easier and more cost-effective for brand owners to reach consumers on a more personal level.
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However, the expectation of tailored products and services has especially blossomed in the digital and 3D printing age. So what’s next? We’re now seeing a trend where products go beyond mass customization to individualization, truly meeting the needs of each unique person."
"Then Mr. Adams found NightScout, a system cobbled together by a constellation of software engineers, many with diabetic children, who were frustrated by the limitations of current technology. The open-source system they developed essentially hacks the Dexcom device and uploads its data to the Internet, which lets Mr. Adams see Ella's blood-sugar levels on his Pebble smartwatch wherever she is. It isn't perfect. It drains cellphone batteries, can cut out at times and hasn't been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. But for many, it has filled a gap.
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The home-built setup is part of a shift in the way Americans relate to the medical industry and their own health care. Technologically savvy patients are starting to tinker under the hoods of medical contraptions, seeking more influence over devices like blood-sugar monitors, insulin pumps and defibrillators that record and control bodily functions."
"Webster’s defines Strategy as “a careful plan for achieving a particular goal over a long period of time.”Mais do que um plano ou antes de um plano, estratégia é algo mais a montante, são escolhas sobre o que fazer, sobre o que não fazer e sobre o que vir a ser.
"In the end, your company’s strategy is nothing more than the collective actions of all of your employees, and these actions are being guided less by strategies thoughtfully crafted within wood paneled conference rooms, and more by speed, unpredictability and sweeping change occurring on a dynamically evolving battlefield."Mas se a realidade competitiva está a mudar constantemente, segundo um bailado que não se pode prever, e é preciso agir rapidamente, o que dará consistência a essas acções que têm de ser decididas cada vez mais perto do terreno, como na blitzkrieg?
"Schwerpunkt represents a unifying medium that provides a directed way to tie initiative of many subordinate actions with superior intent as a basis to diminish friction and compress time in order to generate a favorable mismatch in time/ability to shape and adapt to unfolding circumstances."Continuo a preferir a leitura de Roger Martin sobre a estratégia em tempos de incerteza e recordar "Strategy and the Uncertainty Excuse":
"The danger, of course, is that while we are using uncertainty as an excuse to put off making strategic choices, the competition may be doing something else entirely. They may be strategizing their way to first mover advantages and positions that leave few if any attractive options in the market.
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Without making an effort to ‘do strategy,’ though, a company runs the risk of its numerous daily choices having no coherence to them, of being contradictory across divisions and levels, and of amounting to very little of meaning. It doesn’t have to be so. But it continues to be so because these leaders don’t believe there is a better way."
- Para mim o fundamental foi a questão de identificar os clientes-alvos e preparar uma abordagem direccionada para eles.Em 2009 estive envolvido num projecto com uma empresa de calçado de conforto que até estava bem e que até deve continuar bem; contudo, o seu gerente tinha uma perspectiva de capitulação. Os media conseguiram envenenar-lhe a cabeça, por isso, o senhor acreditava que o calçado em Portugal não teria mais de 5/6 anos de vida porque os chineses iriam tomar conta do mercado. Por isso, não concordou e não apoiou um projecto que ainda hoje guardo com muito cuidado e, com curiosidade sobre o que poderia ter sido. Era um projecto dedicado a criar uma categoria nova na abordagem aos seus clientes-alvo, como dizia uma interveniente no projecto:
- Até as tatuadas vão chegar a avós! E quando lá chegarem, vão querer conforto mas não vão querer usar os mesmos sapatos que as suas avós usaram.Mas voltemos ao artigo da revista The Economist:
"IN CHRISTCHURCH, a town on the south coast of England, the coffee shops are packed all day. The cinema, which shows mostly Judi Dench and Maggie Smith films, is booked weeks in advance. An estate agent called “Only Bungalows” does a roaring trade; the weekly market, with its rows of Zimmer frames, its fluttering cotton nighties and its comfortable shoes, is bustling. A local newspaper, a large black-and-white broadsheet with an extra section for late-breaking deaths, has a staff of 50. Need it be added that 37% of the town’s residents are aged over 60?"Escolher, perceber quem são os clientes-alvo e quais são as implicações dessa escolha, quanto à oferta à proporcionar e quanto ao como a proporcionar é isto.
"Coastal towns, increasingly dominated not just by the over-60s but by the over-70s, saw a 128% rise in property prices between 2001 and 2011, above the British average uptick of 119%."Por exemplo, as empresas de calçado de conforto que querem vender em Inglaterra, talvez tenham melhor resultado a trabalharem com quem está nas lojas destes sítios em vez de Londres ou outras cidades mais badaladas.
"Nationally, an ageing population is a problem. But locally it can be a boon. The over-50s control 80% of Britain’s wealth, [Moi ici: Por cá não deve andar longe disto também] and like to spend it on houses and high-street shopping. The young “generation rent”, by contrast, is poor, distractible and liable to shop online.E por fim uma grande verdade:
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People aged between 50 and 74 spend twice as much as the under-30s on cinema tickets. Between 2000 and 2010 restaurant spending by those aged 65-74 increased by 33%, while the under-30s spent 18% less."
"Companies often lag behind local authorities in working this out. They are London-obsessed, and have been slow to appreciate the growing economic heft of the old—who are assumed, often wrongly, to stick with products they learned to love in their youth. But Caroyln Freeman of Revelation Marketing reckons Britain could be on the verge of a marketing surge directed at the grey pound, “similar to what we saw with the pink”. The window will not remain open forever: soon the baby boomers will start to ail, and no one else alive today is likely to have such a rich retirement."Escolher os clientes-alvo e, depois preparar uma proposta de valor para eles é fundamental para o sucesso de um negócio. Infelizmente, demasiadas empresas continuam a achar que têm de servir tudo a todos. Por isso, não têm identidade.
"Será que as empresas também não sofrem mais com o rescaldo dos exageros cometidos no tempo das vacas gordas do que com as tribulações dos tempos de vacas magras?"
"Basta um bocadinho de temporal, estímulo, para os anfíbios se lançarem numa exuberância bolhista que causa mais mortandade que o tempo das vacas magras"
""esta empresa tem todas as possibilidade, tem mercado, tem capacidade técnica excelente, tem equipamentos, apesar de já existirem algumas lacunas, porque há cerca de três anos que não investimos".Espero, muito sinceramente, que consigam ultrapassar este problema, porque é uma empresa que há vários anos me habituei a admirar.
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vai fechar o ano com uma facturação de 30 milhões de euros, mais 50% que em 2013. "Este ano e o próximo temos trabalho para dia e noite, o que é bom. Mas pode ser mau se não tivermos dinheiro para pagar a fornecedores ou para pagar garantias bancárias ou ainda para modernizar a nossa capacidade técnica. O pior que nos podia acontecer era falhar juntos dos nossos clientes"
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Como é que a empresa considerada um caso de sucesso, chegou a esta situação?
A Viriato teve em 2008 um dos seus melhores anos de sempre. No final desse ano tínhamos uma carteira de encomendas que extravasava para 2009, em face disso fizemos investimentos avultados, tudo com capitais próprios, em equipamentos e em edifícios e de repente em 2009, rebenta a crise. Metade das encomendas foram-se, a banca não emprestava dinheiro e isto tudo conjugado trouxe-nos muitas dificuldades de tesouraria."
"Here are a few observations I’ve made as to the cause of unnecessary discounting:
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1. We believe buyers are only interested in price
2. We’re afraid that the prospect won’t buy if we don’t discount
3. We do not value or believe in the products or services that we sell"
"Many companies rely on intuitive, cursory, or incomplete analyses when selecting and defining markets. As a result, businesses are frequently defined by accident rather than purposeful designed."adivinhamos um potencial de melhoria interessante.
"Behavioral economics can help us find solutions to the agricultural efficiency challenge by creating financial incentives for bee-friendly farming practices. Outdated monoculture farming subsidies like those that go to corn growers should be diverted to farmers and growers who are planting a diversity of crops, including wildflowers. Federal tax incentives should go to farmers, beekeepers and everyday citizens who opt for permanent pollinator sources."Trecho retirado de "Are Bees Back Up on Their Knees?"
"There is no higher praise these days than being data-driven. A person who is data-driven is free of bias, and cuts through arguments with a sword of truth. No longer do we need to fumble through life. The answers will come. We will know how to respond, just what to do. We will let the data tell us!E:
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as we enter the Age of Big Data, the Age of the Internet, and the like, is that we are also entering an Age of the Axiomatic.
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To be axiomatic, at its best, is to be deductive, but at its worst, it is to assume that a system is consistent and complete.
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Axioms work well in the realm of pure numbers and physics, but they are often superficially applied to biology, and especially so when applied to the social sciences.
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Exactly the point we assume the data of a system to be both consistent and complete. This is when axiomatic logic at its most naïve and dangerous.
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This dangerous kind of axiomatic logic is pronounced when we assume that a user is a collection of “data points” with a consistent or complete identity."
"“alterity,” or otherness—the possibility of being totally blindsided by new facts, to achieve an experience that was before entirely foreign."Trecho retirado de "Love Is Not Algorithmic"
"when are sales people going to understand price is important, but that’s not the only thing people like me care about?”Trechos retirados de "If We Make It About Price, We Force The Customer To Make It About Price"
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It’s our job to get the best value we possibly can get from every other vendor. But I really wish the vendors wouldn’t make it about price, there’s so much more important to us and our purchasing decisions.”
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Price will always be important. But it isn’t the only thing that is important to our customers, so why do we continue to make it the most important thing?"
"Customers construct potential or future service experiences from multiple different sources, such as from their own imagination or stories told by others. If we fail to recognize the role of the customer as the creator or constructor of value, the role of the firm grows out of proportion, reverting the evolution away from value-in-use and users as the creators of value, toward value-in-exchange and value for customers being embedded in producer outputs (e.g., products).Mais um recorte do artigo de Gronroos, "Critical service logic: making sense of value creation and co-creation" de Christian Grönroos e Päivi Voima, publicado por J. of the Acad. Mark. Sci.
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when value creation refers to the customer’s creation of value-in-use, the customer is a value creator. The scope of value creation shifts from a provider driven, all-encompassing process to a customer-driven process. Value is created in the user’s accumulated experiences (individual and collective/social) with resources, processes, and/or their outcomes and contexts accumulating from past, current, and envisioned future experiences in the customer’s life.
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The locus of value creation is the customer’s physical, mental, or possessive activities, practices, and experiences in multiple individual and social contexts. Value is therefore realized through possession, usage, or mental states.
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The customer experiences value by becoming better or worse off over time during the accumulating process, and value creation becomes a structured process in which firms and customers have defined roles and goals (nature of value creation). When the customer creates value through experiences in an accumulating process, the firm as a service provider may facilitate the customer’s value creation by producing and delivering resources and processes that represent potential value, or expected value-in-use, for the customer.
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the role (or roles) that the seller plays in helping customers to create value for themselves” is a defining aspect of a service perspective or logic. The customer is the one who constructs and experiences value by integrating resources/processes/outcomes in his or her own social context. In conclusion, the customer is the value creator, and a firm facilitates value for its customers. Of course, the role of the firm in a customer’s value creation is not unimportant. Facilitating value for customers means that the firm creates potential value that the customer can transform to value-in-use or real value.
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Value co-creation should be analyzed on the basis of the roles of the customer and the firm and in recognition of the value spheres that encompass the provider and the customer. If the system is closed to the customer, co-production cannot take place in the production process. Nor can value co-creation take place if the customer’s process is closed to the provider. In both cases, we would find no joint activities, and no co-creation is possible. Co-creation occurs only when two or more parties influence each other or, using service marketing terminology, interact."
"Embalagens terão a mesma forma, tamanho, cor e tipo de letra. Objectivo é tornarem-se menos atractivas.O marketing é muito mais do que a parte visual, mas basta pensar no efeito da parte visual como um começo.
...
Pretende-se assim eliminar o efeito visual das marcas que se julga contribuir para os tornar atractivos."
"Conselho Económico defende crescimento económico como prioridade para 2015"Deixa-me adivinhar, baseado em torrefacção de dinheiro impostado a contribuintes actuais e futuros.
"First, companies develop strategy in many different ways, often idiosyncratic to their organizations, people, and markets. Second, many strategies emerge over time rather than from a process of deliberate formulation"Mergulhamos num texto para animar a reflexão
"Many companies rely on intuitive, cursory, or incomplete analyses when selecting and defining markets. As a result, businesses are frequently defined by accident rather than purposeful designed. [Moi ici: Daí a importância de fazer batota, de alavancar a distinção, quando algo já está a resultar] The product-geography matrix has been the most commonly used way for firms to define themselves and their market. [Moi ici: Por que seguir uma abordagem clássica na definição do mercado? Por que é que a definição do mercado há-de ser vista como uma coisa objectiva? Por que é que a definição do mercado há-de ser vista como um dado do desafio, em vez de ser trabalhado como sendo mais uma variável do desafio?] ... the product-geography matrices tend to hinder firms from identifying opportunities in the adjacencies.
...Trecho retirado de "Finding market focus for solution business development" de S. Nenonen e K. Storbacka, publicado em "J Bus Mark Manag (2013) 3:123–142"
that “there is no single correct way to define the market for a given business unit […] a market not only can but should be defined in several different ways”. ... a firm is not limited to single views of the market; instead firms can benefit from accepting multiple market definitions suitable for particular strategic situations."
"Personalización. “El cliente pide cada vez más un servicio a su medida. Como mínimo, cada instructor debe dirigirse a sus clientes por su nombre”."E foi como a sensação de um balão que subitamente se esvazia...
“the use of interaction as a basis for co-creation is at the crux of our emerging reality.Personalização é muito mais do que simpatia e familiaridade. Personalização é entrar na mente do cliente e perceber quais são os seus objectivos, quais são os seus motivos, qual é o seu propósito. Personalização é perceber que o que se oferece é só um recurso para integrar na vida do cliente, para que ele chegue a um lado escolhido por ele e diferente do do parceiro do lado e isso é que é importante.
...
value creation becomes an ongoing process that emphasizes the customer’s experiences, logic, and ability to extract value out of products and other resources used (create value-in-use).
...
value creation is the customer’s creation of value-in-use during usage, where value is socially constructed through experiences"
- Têm esses novos serviços que podem realizar para valorizar os produtos dos clientes...O poder da interacção... fortalece a relação, permite que ambas as partes subam na escala de valor e se diferenciem, permite que o fornecedor co-crie valor com o cliente.
- Mas é difícil, os clientes são muito conservadores, estão habituados aquelas referências e não saem dali.
- E o que é que têm feito para os "educar"? Para lhes dar a conhecer as novas possibilidades?
- Tem graça, há dias, para comemorar os 10 anos da empresa fizemos um jantar com um cliente que trabalha muito connosco e conversamos sobre isso. O designer deles ficou admirado, não sabia que ele podia propor alterações e que nós as podíamos concretizar. Desde essa altura, temos trabalhado muito em conjunto e têm surgido umas coisas interessantes.
- Agora, é pensar como é que pode, com outros clientes, desencadear esse tipo de conversas. Por exemplo, está a ver este produto? É "criminoso" o cliente que fabrica este produto não aproveitar o vosso potencial para torná-lo mais atraente.
- Pois é, andamos para marcar uma reunião com eles há algum tempo...
"What am I doing here? Can I, on the fingers of one hand, list the ingredients of success in this industry?Olhar de fora para dentro facilita o pensamento estratégico e minimiza o pensamento operacional.
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How well do we know what our customers want? How well do we know what our suppliers and employees expect? What would it take to meet those needs better than our competitors could?
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I realized I’d been looking at the business from the inside out. From that perspective, all I could see was the activity that consumed my day. I also realized that customers and other stakeholders have the opposite perspective. Their view is outside-in, and that’s what makes them good strategists."
"“Seria necessário pensar (…) em como encontrar formas adequadas de ‘pré-pensionamento’ destes trabalhadores que, por razões ligadas à sua formação, à sua longa história de trabalho e até por razões ligadas à própria inadequação às novas condições [de trabalho], hoje frequentam sobretudo centros de saúde para obter licenças médicas e outros mecanismos de ausência temporária”, afirmou o governador."Não tinha uma mensagem mais interessante, mais relevante neste momento para aquela audiência?
"It is widely believed that restructuring has boosted productivity by displacing low-skilled workers and creating jobs for the high skilled."Mas, e como isto é profundo:"In essence, creative destruction means that low productivity plants are displaced by high productivity plants." Por favor voltar a trás e reler esta última afirmação.
.
"Lovaglia’s Law: The more important the outcome of a decision, the more people will resist using evidence to make it."
"If an organisation is too stable it can ossify, but if it is too unstable it can disintegrate. Successful organisations work between these two conditions or states, in what Stacey called ‘the chaos zone’."
"If the customer doesn't care about the price, then the retailer shouldn't care about the cost,"
“It's not enough that we do our best; sometimes we have to do what's required”.
"Das Leben, das uns gegeben ist, ist uns nicht als etwas Fertiges gegeben, sondern wir müssen es uns gestalten, und zwar jeder sein eigenes."
"Eine Regierung, die nichts wert ist, kostet am meisten."
"Forget trying to persuade them; light their pants on fire."
"O futuro é o que importa. O futuro é a base do significado, é de onde vem o projecto que alguém tem para si próprio"
"The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place."
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the one that is most adaptable to change.”
"o Marketing só existe a partir do pensamento estratégico, caso contrário "não resulta""
"It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding it"
"Perder diversidade é como arrancar páginas de um livro. Quantas páginas poderemos arrancar até deixar de compreender o enredo?"
The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie – deliberate, contrived and dishonest – but the myth, persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic. Belief in myths allows the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought."
"By strategy, I mean a cohesive response to a challenge. A real strategy is neither a document nor a forecast but rather an overall approach based on a diagnosis of a challenge. The most important element of a strategy is a coherent viewpoint about the forces at work, not a plan."
"Un desastre està punt de succeir a Espanya. El malentès de la gravetat de la crisi costarà car als inversors, ja que tindrà profundes conseqüències per a tot el sistema bancari europeu", afirma.
Entre d'altres coses, Mauldin diu que "els inversors estan fumant crack si creuen que els bancs espanyols són entre els més forts d'Europa, ja que estan amagant les seves pèrdues".
“… there are no “sunset” industries condemned to disappear in high wage economies, although there are certainly sunset and condemned strategies, among them building a business on the advantages to be gained by cheap labor”
"o vencedor da vida, o optimista que vive em incesto com o próprio ego, é o traço mais frágil do líder"
"We shall not grow wiser before we learn that much
that we have done was very foolish."
You may not be able to change the world but can at least get some entertainment & make a living out of the epistemic arrogance of the human race.
"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do."
“Trust your guts. But not too much!”
"Customers will try 'low-cost providers,' because the majors have not given them any clear reason not to." "
"Natal é quando as Crianças pedem e os Pais pagam. Défices é quando os Pais pedem e as Crianças pagam."
"A imprevidência dos povos é infinita, a dos governos é legal"
"What a man sees depends both upon what he looks at and also upon what his previous visual-conceptual experience has taught him to see"
“The leaders first task is to be the trumpet that sounds a clear sound”
"lamented the lack of any systematic data on the scale of unfunded IOUs that care-free politicians have handed out like confetti."
"Let them call me rebel and welcome, I feel no concern from it; but I should suffer the misery of devils, were I to make a whore of my soul..."
O problema não é o consumo. O problema é o consumo assente em endividamento."
"There are designations, like "economist", "prostitute", or "consultant" for which additional characterization doesn't add information."
When it becomes more difficult to suffer than change, you will change"
"Hope is not a strategy and a crisis is a terrible thing to waste"
The more you can see of the present, the more you can see of the future"
Yes, You can change the future, but only changing the present"
"Entrepreneurship is 'Having aspirations greater than your resources'"
“The single biggest reason companies fail is they overinvest in what is, as opposed to what might be."
"The first principle is that you must not fool yourself - and you are the easiest person to fool. So you have to be very careful about that"
"A estabilidade é uma ilusão"
"When we create the conditions of possibility, the universe becomes our co-conspirator"
Thinking about doing is not doing. Talking about doing is not doing. Doing is doing."
"'God has created me to do him some definite service. He has committed some work to me which he has not committed to another'.
...
"Each of us has a mission, each of us is called to change the world, to work for a culture of life, a culture forged by love and respect for the dignity of each human person.
"As our Lord tells us in the Gospel we have just heard, our light must shine in the sight of all, so that, seeing our good works, they may give praise to our heavenly Father."
"The future is not there waiting for us. We create it by the power of imagination."
"confusing testosterone with strategy is a bad idea"
"Much consulting involves the application of models to a system, as opposed to getting involved in the system as a positive change agent""
"O Portugal que pára sem orçamento é precisamente aquele que vive dele e que há todo o interesse em parar."
"credibilidade da política financeira e dos seus executores está ao nível da credibilidade de uma barraca das farturas"
"The role of the manager is thought to be reduction of uncertainty rather than the capacity to live creatively in it"
"today an entrepreneur is closer to artists than managers"
"A business without a path to profit isn’t a business, it’s a hobby"
"If no one’s upset by what you’re saying, you’re probably not pushing hard enough. (And you’re probably boring, too.)"
"Storytelling isn’t just how we construct our identities, stories are our identities"
"'He who has a why to live can bear almost any how' "
"They can because they think they can"
"Se há coisa que não suporto é misturar catequese com negócios, é a incapacidade para calçar os sapatos do outro e só pensar na nossa posição de coitadinhos, pobres vítimas indefesas dos maus e que por isso precisamos do Estado todo poderoso para nos proteger e, nem percebem na volta, os juros que o Estado cobra por esse serviço mafioso de protecção que, ainda por cima não resolve nada."
"Empathy is like a universal solvent. Any problem immersed in empathy becomes soluble."
"In victory, do not brag; in defeat, do not weep"
"Value it's a feeling not a calculation"
"An economist is someone who has had a human being described to him, but has never actually seen one."
"Don't finish first--it's not about running a rat race. Start with a better ending in mind."
"If you sit in on a poker game and don’t see a sucker, get up. You’re the sucker.”
"The 'value added' for most any company, tiny or enormous, comes from the Quality of Experience provided."
"Crediting government with the success of entrepreneurs is like crediting the guy who built Bill Gates’ garage with the success of Microsoft."
"I have found that assuming social scientists understand the difference between correlation and causality is not generally a good one."
"Promising never to raise taxes, without reaching a deal on spending, really means a high and rising commitment to future taxes."
"Some things are so foolish that only an intellectual could believe them, for no ordinary man could be such a fool"
"os bancos não financiam a economia, a poupança sim"
"I do not know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody"
"Never be afraid to try, remember... Amateurs built the ark. Professionals built the Titanic."
"terms such as 'experiment' and 'observation' cover complex processes containing many strands. 'Facts' come from negotiations between different parties and the final product - the published report - is influenced by physical events, dataprocessors, compromises, exhaustion, lack of money, national pride and so on."
"'science in the making' is 'the consequence of [a] settlement' of 'controversies'."
"If the state wishes to spend more, it can do so only by borrowing your savings or taxing you more. And it's no good thinking someone else will pay, that someone else is you."
"All failures of strategy are rooted in the assumption that outcomes are predictable."
"Doing things like your bigger competitors is how to get killed in the wars out there"
“Uma moeda boa e forte é como a saúde. Só lhe damos verdadeiramente valor quando não a temos.”
"Life’s tough. It’s tougher if you’re stupid"
"O homem de bem exige tudo de si próprio; o homem medíocre espera tudo dos outros"
"Change is a threat when done to me, but an opportunity when done by me."
"As elites foram deixando de falar das exportações à medida que se foi percebendo que o país consegue exportar sem elas"
"Your toughest competition is the little voice inside your head telling you to stop"
"Pain is just weakness leaving your body"
"Built to last" is bad economics. Built to do something great" is the better idea. Think: "Creative destruction."
"the world is an uncertain place no matter how many Greek letter equations you affix to a problem."
"You never change things by fighting existing reality. To change s.th., build a new model making the existing model obsolete"
“No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical.”
"Success is not a destination. It's the trail you leave behind you."
"Winners make a habit of manufacturing their own positive expectations in advance of the event."
“You’ve got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology – not the other way around”
"Strategy as the "smallest set of - intended or actual - choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions."
"When something is commoditized, an adjacent market becomes valuable"
"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"
"There aren't any textbooks on what to stop doing!"
"With great power comes great irresponsibility "
"Weird things happen when you take price out of the equation for consumers"
"‘It’s so damn complex. If you ever think you have the solution to this, you’re wrong and you’re dangerous.’"
"Saruman believes it is only great power that can hold evil in check, but that is not what I have found. I found it is the small everyday deeds of ordinary folk that keep the darkness at bay. Small acts of kindness and love."
"Increasing stuff that doesn't add value dilutes existing value."
"O federalismo não é a alternativa à troika, é a troika para sempre."
"Never underestimate the difficulty of changing false beliefs by facts"
"Stressors are information"
“If you hear a “prominent” economist using the word ‘equilibrium,’ or ‘normal distribution,’ do not argue with him; just ignore him, or try to put a rat down his shirt.”
"The advantage of experiences over things for most of us is that we can make them seem unique, which = scarce, which = value"
"Pedras no caminho?
Guardo todas, um dia vou construir um castelo"
"Without risk, faith is an impossibility."
"Não posso com quem vive a achar que os outros lhe devem sempre alguma coisa."
"In a world of increasing automation, our ability to perform tasks is not nearly as important as our ability to dream. The questions we need to ask are not ones of action, but ones of meaning"
"Me arrancam tudo a força e depois me chamam de contribuinte."
"Letting people vote for expensive programs that “somebody else” will finance is a good recipe for getting people to vote irresponsibly"
"what's fairness gotta do with pricing based in value?"
"The epic battle of our generation is between the status quo of mass and the never-ceasing tide of weird."
“Price is emotional”
"There will always be a reason why you can't pursue it, until competitors create a reason why you must."
"The most important thing to study is opening theory"
"The greater the contrast, the greater the potential"
“Customers don't care about your solution, they care about their problems.”
"Todos querem conhecer a verdade, mas o que desejam é que lhes contem uma mentira em que não sejam protagonistas."
"Execution efficiency strangles innovation in the crib, but not with malice, by default.”
"Our obsession with scalability is getting in the way of unleashing the potential of the 21st century."
"The system is optimized to mitigate risk, not create value"
"Champions are made when no one is looking"
"Don't bargain on value. Half as expensive is often twice as cheap."
"Customers care about outcomes, not effort, technology, or originality."
"
"You don't have to pick between 1) playing the game and 2) not playing the game. You can *change* the game."
""The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool." "