Há anos que uso e abuso da metáfora das paisagens enrugadas para falar de Mongo:
- A paisagem enrugada
- Ilustração da narrativa de Mongo (Parte II)
- OMG... e vão viver de quê? (parte VIII) ou Mt 11, 25
- O modelo NK de Kauffman - uma introdução
- Acerca da Totoestratégia
"Scientists have been able to make these discoveries by revisiting a concept proposed almost a century ago — fitness (or adaptive) landscapes — with modern technologies. They can use fitness landscapes to quantify the relationship between changes to the viral genome and its ability to replicate and infect a new host. The topographic maps representing that relationship can help to reconstruct the virus’s history, and they could also at least potentially predict its future.
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fitness landscapes are an invaluable way to connect genotype [Moi ici: O material "genético" das empresas] to phenotype [Moi ici: O meio ambiente].
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What results is a landscape with a unique topography, explains Adam Lauring, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Michigan Medical School. If the mapped variants don’t differ much in their impact on fitness, then the landscape looks fairly flat, much like Nebraska. Variants with large effects on fitness create a landscape that more closely resembles the towering hoodoos of Bryce Canyon in Utah. Natural selection favors the variants on peaks: The average genotype or phenotype of a species should evolve by moving from one peak to the next, ideally along a ridge between them rather than through the valleys. (Isolated subpopulations with different genotypes can also help a species find its way over a gap.)
“If you move a few feet, you’re going to fall off, and getting up again is getting very hard,” Lauring said. “There are fewer pathways to move around.”[Moi ici: O espaço de Minkowsky]
“The theory is very straightforward. You just need to know your genotype, and then you measure the fitness and you can basically predict anything that might happen,”
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“We’re the environment for the virus,” Lauring said. “If we change, the landscape changes.”"
Fazer o paralelismo com as empresas.