Ontem, no LinkedIn, encontrei esta mensagem:
E sorri.Da Revolução Industrial até Mongo em 3 fases!!!
Como não relacionar com o tema da arte (depende do coração)!!!
Ontem, no LinkedIn, encontrei esta mensagem:
E sorri.Da Revolução Industrial até Mongo em 3 fases!!!
Como não relacionar com o tema da arte (depende do coração)!!!
Excelente mensagem, para pessoas e empresas, em "You Need to Practice Being Your Future Self".
"You see, the reason Sanjay is stuck — and the reason many of us feel that way — is that we focus on what’s present for us at any particular moment.
On the other hand, what most of us want most is to move forward. And, by definition, paying attention to the present keeps us where we are. So, sure, I can help Sanjay be a better “present” Sanjay. But I will have a much greater impact if I help him become a successful “future” Sanjay.
It’s a familiar story: You’re busy all day, working non-stop, multitasking [Moi ici: Recordar "Quando o quotidiano assume o comando"] in a misguided attempt to knock a few extra things off your to-do list, and as the day comes to a close, you still haven’t gotten your most important work done.
Being busy is not the same as being productive. It’s the difference between running on a treadmill and running to a destination. They’re both running, but being busy is running in place.
If you want to be productive, the first question you need to ask yourself is: Who do I want to be? Another question is: Where do I want to go? Chances are that the answers to these questions represent growth in some direction. And while you can’t spend all your time pursuing those objectives, you definitely won’t get there if you don’t spend any of your time pursuing them.
...
[Moi ici: E o sublinhado final ... pensando nas estruturas super-magras, com decisores sempre ocupados com os problemas do presente e as consequências dos problemas de ontem. Pensando nos futuros decisores que em vez de pensarem no futuro, conduzem empilhadores, não porque seja uma emergência, mas porque não vêem nada mais produtivo para fazerem] You need to spend time on the future even when there are more important things to do in the present and even when there is no immediately apparent return to your efforts. In other words — and this is the hard part — if you want to be productive, you need to spend time doing things that feel ridiculously unproductive."
Como não recordar aquele:
"Não fazemos arte depois de nos tornarmos artistas. Tornamos-nos artistas ao fazer arte incessantemente."
Há dias em "Se correr o bicho pega Se ficar o bicho come." escrevi:
"Muitos sectores transaccionáveis vivem tempos de euforia, estão a exportar o que podem, e se não exportam mais é porque não têm matérias-primas ou capacidade produtiva livre. Ou seja, tudo parece correr bem. Bom para as empresas.
...
Não seria agora a melhor altura para agarrar o problema, o desafio da produtividade?"
Entretanto, li, "Persuade Your Company to Change Before It’s Too Late":
"There’s a paradox facing leaders seeking to transform their organizations as they see their markets begin to change. On one hand, they need convincing data to make the case that transformation is necessary—to show that their companies are about to find themselves on “burning platforms.” On the other hand, by the time public data about disruptive trends and market shifts is convincing, the window of opportunity has shrunk, if not disappeared. And when companies actually are on burning platforms, their leaders confront a harsh reality: Burning platforms inhibit change by increasing rigidity at the very moment when flexibility is crucial. The lesson: Avoid ever ending up on a burning platform. But that requires leaders to act before compelling data is widely available.
...
Business leaders face a problem that’s familiar to investors and political leaders: In periods of uncertainty, the availability of information and the freedom to act are inversely correlated—or, in simpler terms, as data increases, your ability to act decreases.
...
The more data that's widely available in a market, the lower the freedom to act on it becomes, because others see the same opportunities and risks and respond to them. The information threshold is not the same at every company. An entrepreneur like Ellen, who doesn't have much business to lose or many stakeholders she has to get buy-in from, can act with less information. But an executive of a more risk-averse established company, like Chris, needs more information to persuade himself and his stakeholders that bold moves are necessary.
...
A recent cross-industry survey of more than 300 global leaders conducted by Innosight found that 72% felt that they needed to transform their core offering or business model. The most pressing obstacle to success cited by this group was allocating enough resources to change efforts—an indication that their leadership teams lacked the conviction to take action."
Se as "global leaders" têm equipas de gestão com falta de convicção para agir, o que será de esperar das "empresas super-magras" conduzidas pelo quotidiano?
"“Como conseguimos mais do que vender produtos, vender conceitos, estatuto. Qualquer coisa mais que nos preencha, além do produto. E não tenhamos medo de falar do preço. Em Portugal há sempre um bicho papão quando chegamos a esse momento. Se andamos com esta obsessão dos cêntimos, não vamos sair do mesmo lugar. Portugal vive aprisionado no preço”, desabafa."
Sim, a concentração no denominador, na eficiência, no custo, em vez da concentração no numerador, no valor:
Ainda de "The “New You” Business" um trecho final sobre a subida na escala de valor à custa das transformações:
"Competing on transformations makes a company responsible for working with customers to define the transformation each one seeks, identify the barriers to success, and orchestrate all the goods, services, and experiences needed to support them during their journeys. Such business models will be much harder to imitate than those that offer only goods, services, or experiences. And they promise to generate handsome rewards—not only profits but also the knowledge that the company has truly made a profound difference in its customers’ lives."
O nosso clássico, trabalhar os inputs, em vez dos outputs. Primeiro começamos com:
Think “input before output”
Em vez de ficarmos pelo que produzimos, encaramos como é que o cliente vai tratar o output como um input na sua vida. Para depois fazermos mais uma evolução, perceber que outcome o cliente pretende atingir ao usar o output como um input nos seus processos. Para chegar a:
Think “outcome before output”
Agora encontro um texto sobre o tema em "The “New You” Business":
"The end goal of people who go to fitness centers isn’t access to the equipment or trainers; it is to get in shape. The overriding reason people go to their doctor or check into a hospital is not to obtain drug prescriptions, a medical examination, or therapeutic procedures; it is to get well. And students’ primary motive for going to college is not to buy a lot of books, have their papers and exams graded by professors, or even have the classroom and all-around college experience; it is to gain skills or expertise and pursue a career.
But all too often fitness centers, medical providers, colleges, and organizations in many other industries seek to distinguish themselves only on the quality, convenience, and experience of what they sell. It’s not that those things aren’t important. But they matter only as means to the ends that people seek. Too many organizations lose sight of this truth. Even when they do promote what they sell in relation to customers’ aspirations, they rarely design solutions that allow people to realize them.
...
Enterprises should recognize the economic opportunity offered by the transformation business, in which they partner with consumers to improve some fundamental aspect of their lives—to achieve a “new you.”
...
The goods, services, and even experiences a company offers matter only in how they help customers achieve their desired results. Each customer’s definition of success must therefore be the North Star that guides what a company does if it wants to compete on transformations."
Há anos li um artigo, que não consigo localizar, que estabelecia uma forte relação sobre origem do pensamento consciente com os sinais que uma amiba tem de emitir para se deslocar numa certa direcção em busca de comida.
Há anos que adoptei não o PDCA, o ciclo de Deming, mas a versão que aprendi com Shoji Shiba:
Não começamos com o planeamento (P), começamos com a acção (D à esquerda), e da análise dos resultados da acção calibramos a acção seguinte."It’s tempting to think of our interaction with the world in the following way. First, we perceive the world as it is. Then we decide what to do. Then we do it. Sense, think, act. This may be how things seem, but once again how things seem is a poor guide to how they actually are. It’s time to bring action into the picture.Action is inseparable from perception. Perception and action are so tightly coupled that they determine and define each other. Every action alters perception by changing the incoming sensory data, and every perception is the way it is in order to help guide action. There is simply no point to perception in the absence of action. We perceive the world around us in order to act effectively within it, to achieve our goals and – in the long run – to promote our prospects of survival. We don’t perceive the world as it is, we perceive it as it is useful for us to do so.It may even be that action comes first. Instead of picturing the brain as reaching perceptual best guesses in order to then guide behaviour, we can think of brains as fundamentally in the business of generating actions, and continually calibrating these actions using sensory signals, so as to best achieve the organism’s goals. This view casts the brain as an intrinsically dynamic, active system, continually probing its environment and examining the consequences."
"Let’s return to our imagined brain, quiet and dark inside its skull, trying to figure out what’s out there in the world. We can now recognise this challenge as an ideal opportunity to invoke Bayesian inference. When the brain is making best guesses about the causes of its noisy and ambiguous sensory signals, it is following the principles of the Reverend Thomas Bayes....the idea that perception happens through a continual process of prediction error minimisation. According to this idea, the brain is continually generating predictions about sensory signals and comparing these predictions with the sensory signals that arrive at the eyes and the ears – and the nose, and the skin, and so on. The differences between predicted and actual sensory signals give rise to prediction errors. While perceptual predictions flow predominantly in a top-down (inside-to-outside) direction, prediction errors flow in a bottom-up (outside-to-inside) direction. These prediction error signals are used by the brain to update its predictions, ready for the next round of sensory inputs. What we perceive is given by the content of all the top-down predictions together, once sensory prediction errors have been minimised – or ‘explained away’ – as far as possible....And it is prediction error minimisation that provides the connection between controlled hallucinations and Bayesian inference. It takes a Bayesian claim about what the brain should do and turns it into a proposal about what it actually does do. By minimising prediction errors everywhere and all the time, it turns out that the brain is actually implementing Bayes’ rule. More precisely, it is approximating Bayes’ rule. It is this connection that licenses the idea that perceptual content is a top-down controlled hallucination, rather than a bottom-up ‘readout’ of sensory data."
Há dias escrevi "Acerca do feedback". Ontem, encontrei um texto que vai na mesma linha, "Science Says Smelling Cinnamon Can Make You Much More Creative and Innovative (But Not for the Reason You Might Think)":
"Sometimes a compliment can be like a self-fulfilling prophecy. Praise an employee for deftly handling a customer dispute -- even though it's the first time that employee has managed to handle a difficult conversation well -- and he or she will start to expect to handle similar situations well in the future.
...
Yep. When we believe there are reasons we will be more creative -- which also lowers our natural tendency to downgrade and therefore inhibit our level of creativity -- then we're much more likely to be creative.
Cinnamon is irrelevant. Expectation is everything. Belief is everything.
In yourself, and in other people.
Want your employees to be more creative? Use your own "cinnamon." Find ways to help them feel more creative. Use praise and recognition and validation to help them expect to be more creative.
But don't stop there. If you want to build a high performing team, praise achievement. Offer constructive feedback after missteps or failures."
Ando a ouvir no carro um livro muito, muito interessante, "Being You: A New Science of Consciousness" de Anil Seth:
"we explore the idea that the brain is a ‘prediction machine’, and that what we see, hear, and feel is nothing more than the brain’s ‘best guess’ of the causes of its sensory inputs.
...
First, the brain is constantly making predictions about the causes of its sensory signals, predictions which cascade in a top-down direction through the brain’s perceptual hierarchies. If you happen to be looking at a coffee cup, your visual cortex will be formulating predictions about the causes of the sensory signals that originate from this coffee cup."
Eu gosto de fazer previsões. Acho interessante analisar o contexto e fazer previsões e, depois, esperar pela sua concretização ou não. Às vezes acerto, como no caso da Raporal ou dos colégios. Às vezes demoro mais tempo a acertar, mas sei que vou acertar. Às vezes falho, porque entretanto alguém alterou parâmetros do contexto, como acerca da inflação em 2008. Às vezes falho, ou porque esqueci algum tópico relevante do contexto ou porque processei mal a informação.
O interessante de fazer previsões é o traçar uma linha na areia e uma janela temporal.
"Another chief executive rolled off the Unilever production line last week, when Leena Nair was appointed to run luxury goods company Chanel.Nair, who has worked at Unilever for nearly 30 years, is a product of the group’s leadership development programme. Indeed, as the consumer goods company’s chief human resources officer, she runs the system that builds its future leaders, and the leaders of other companies, including, in recent years, Unilever alumni such as Sir Dave Lewis, who ran Tesco, the UK retailer, until 2020.
Recordo a metáfora dos dinosssauros azuis e dos dinossauros pretos:
Uma mensagem clássica deste blogue: a focalização. Escolher os clientes-alvo e não tentar ser tudo para todos:
"This study empirically examines the impact of firms' pursuing multiple generic strategies, namely, Porter's low-cost and focus strategies. We conceptualize pursuing cost efficiency advantage as a low-cost strategy and restraining rivalry through horizontal differentiation as a focus strategy. Although we corroborate earlier strategy research that each of these strategies alone may have a positive impact on firm profitability, we highlight that mechanisms driving the interaction of these two strategies are, in fact, nonadditive in nature, consistent with recent analytical work. Using the context of the scheduled U.S. passenger airline industry over two decades, we empirically show that combining a low-cost strategy with a focus strategy is, indeed, detrimental to firm profitability, which has important implications for scholarship and practice.
Firms have effectively used low-cost or focus strategies to improve their performance. Our study demonstrates that although firms pursuing either strategy individually can benefit, pursuing these two generic strategies of low-cost and focus simultaneously actually hurts firms' profitability. In essence, we show that when firms pursuing a low-cost strategy already possess a cost efficiency advantage over their rivals for the full customer base, firms have nothing to gain by simultaneously limiting rivalry - through focusing on a smaller customer segment-and thus giving away revenue to rivals. Our insights regarding the combination of different generic strategies caution managers to not be misled by the performance gains of either low-cost and focus strategies individually, but to realize that these two in tandem actually may harm profitability."
Trechos retirados de "Competing both ways: How combining Porter's low-cost and focus strategies hurts firm performance" publicado pela revista Strategic Management Journal em Março último.
"Baixar impostos? “Primeiro, é preciso fazer crescer a economia”"
Disse David Justino, segundo o jornal Expresso de ontem.
Boa sorte! A ordem dos factores não é irrelevante.
Na passada quinta-feira tive mais uma conversa oxigenadora. O tema foi o capítulo 8 de "Managing the Unexpected - Sustained Performance in a Complex World" de Karl E. Weick e Kathleen M. Sutcliffe. Um capítulo sobre a cultura das organizações, e da sua contribuição para a fiabilidade organizacional.
Os autores usam a Toyota como exemplo de como uma cultura de sucesso gera o insucesso.
Recordámos o primeiro princípio das organizações resilientes, a preocupação com a falha, por causa da atenção aos indícios. Um indício investigado é muitas vezes um prejuízo evitado e algumas vezes uma catástrofe evitada. O desafio é, como estar atento aos indícios?
Por um lado, as empresas com as suas estruturas super magras vivem a resolver os problemas de hoje e as consequências dos problemas de ontem, imaginem dizer-lhes que têm de estar atentas aos indícios. Mandam-nos dar uma volta.
Muitos sectores transaccionáveis vivem tempos de euforia, estão a exportar o que podem, e se não exportam mais é porque não têm matérias-primas ou capacidade produtiva livre. Ou seja, tudo parece correr bem. Bom para as empresas. Desejo-lhes o melhor. Se é esta a situação então porquê preocuparem-se?
Helena Garrido lembrou-nos recentemente destes números:
"O salário mínimo terá tido em 2022 um aumento de 39,6% em relação a 2015, passando de 505 para 705 euros. A produção portuguesa deverá crescer, no mesmo período, 12,4%, levando em conta os dados e previsões da Comissão Europeia."
Não seria agora a melhor altura para agarrar o problema, o desafio da produtividade?
Existe um suposto Forum para a Competitividade que tem um presidente que é useiro e vezeiro neste tipo de afirmações:
"Como é que possível sermos tão mal governados que temos pessoas mais qualificadas e a produtividade não sobe?
A produtividade sempre foi o nosso calcanhar de Aquiles... [Moi ici: Comenta o entrevistador]
E por que não sobe? Dizíamos que era por falta de qualificação das pessoas, agora as pessoas são mais qualificadas e a produtividade continua a não crescer.
É culpa de quem? [Moi ici: Pergunta o entrevistador]
É culpa do sistema todo. Quem gere as empresas vai fazendo o que pode dentro do sistema que existe. É cada vez mais difícil fazer qualquer coisa por questões ligadas à burocracia, justiça, fiscalidade, alterações constantes de regras e de legislação de trabalho. Há cada vez mais mais regras para cumprir."
Tem o locus de controlo no exterior, o que é terrível num presidente qualquer. A produtividade das empresas que existem não sobe por causa do que é exterior às empresas ... sem palavras.
E volto à pergunta: Não seria agora a melhor altura para agarrar o problema, o desafio da produtividade?
Contudo, sucesso é, muitas vezes, sinal de descanso. Por isso, o sucesso de hoje cria as condições do falhanço de amanhã. Lembrei-me então de 1970 e dos anúncios na televisão às canetas BIC. “BIC cristal para uma escrita normal, BIC laranja para uma escrita fina”. Na altura, usava na escola uma caneta de tinta permanente e ao ver as canetas BIC exclamava UAU. Hoje, fanático por canetas e marcadores não tenho nenhuma caneta BIC. O que hoje é UAU, amanhã é boring.
E não conhecer o gráfico de Kano é deixar que a corrente nos leve para onde ela quiser e não para onde queremos ir.
Agora veio-me à cabeça aquela frase de uma canção "Se correr o bicho pega Se ficar o bicho come." Ou são os concorrentes que vão comer mercado, ou é o governo a comer margem. Ficar parado é a morte do artista, o empobrecimento geral a que estamos habituados. Ficar parado à espera do Deus Ex Machina que salva os coitadinhos não me parece a melhor alternativa. Há que arregaçar as mangas e fazer pela vida.
A diferença entre a fase "wonder" e a fase "war":
Um artigo de 2019, "The Feedback Fallacy" que só ontem descobri. Vale a pena ler, porque põe em causa aquilo em que acreditamos. No mínimo põe-nos a pensar:
"Feedback is about telling people what we think of their performance and how they should do it better—whether they’re giving an effective presentation, leading a team, or creating a strategy. And on that, the research is clear: Telling people what we think of their performance doesn’t help them thrive and excel, and telling people how we think they should improve actually hinders learning....Learning is less a function of adding something that isn’t there than it is of recognizing, reinforcing, and refining what already is. There are two reasons for this.The first is that, neurologically, we grow more in our areas of greater ability (our strengths are our development areas). The brain continues to develop throughout life, but each person’s does so differently....Second, getting attention to our strengths from others catalyzes learning, whereas attention to our weaknesses smothers it....In the brains of the students asked about what they needed to correct, the sympathetic nervous system lit up. This is the “fight or flight” system, which mutes the other parts of the brain and allows us to focus only on the information most necessary to survive. Your brain responds to critical feedback as a threat and narrows its activity. The strong negative emotion produced by criticism “inhibits access to existing neural circuits and invokes cognitive, emotional, and perceptual impairment,”...In the students who focused on their dreams and how they might achieve them, the sympathetic nervous system was not activated. What lit up instead was the parasympathetic nervous system, sometimes referred to as the “rest and digest” system....What findings such as these show us is, first, that learning happens when we see how we might do something better by adding some new nuance or expansion to our own understanding. Learning rests on our grasp of what we’re doing well, not on what we’re doing poorly, and certainly not on someone else’s sense of what we’re doing poorly. And second, that we learn most when someone else pays attention to what’s working within us and asks us to cultivate it intelligently....Since excellence is idiosyncratic and cannot be learned by studying failure, we can never help another person succeed by holding her performance up against a prefabricated model of excellence, giving her feedback on where she misses the model, and telling her to plug the gaps. That approach will only ever get her to adequate performance."
Nem de propósito, em linha com os postais sobre o imperativo do aumento da produtividade via subida na escala de valor.
"Os salários estão destinados a aumentarem. Em parte, respondendo aos desequilíbrios descritos antes. Em parte, em consequência do aumento do custo de vida. Em Portugal, será um desafio adicional para a generalidade das empresas. Apesar de os gastos com pessoal das empresas do sector não financeiro não chegarem a 15% dos proveitos totais, a verdade é que os resultados líquidos não chegam sequer a 4% dos mesmos proveitos totais. Ou seja, face ao custo de vida, o nível salarial é baixo. Mas face à rentabilidade das empresas a margem de ajustamento dos salários é igualmente baixa. Não é por acaso que 25% dos trabalhadores por conta de outrem em Portugal auferem o salário mínimo, sendo que entre os jovens a proporção aumenta para 40%. Em geral, não dá para muito mais, o que é dramático. E não é porque os patrões estejam a lucrar de forma exorbitante; a rentabilidade sobre capitais próprios entre 2015 e 2019 não foi além de 8%. O problema está antes no valor acrescentado bruto das empresas, que é baixo e que precisa de aumentar para aguentar salários estruturalmente mais elevados.
...
Quer as empresas quer os trabalhadores vão ter de se fazer à vida. As empresas porque os salários vão aumentar e o valor acrescentado bruto terá de acompanhar. Os trabalhadores porque vão ter de investir em novas competências para acompanharem os empregos de amanhã. Volto, pois, ao início deste artigo: para onde foram os trabalhadores? A resposta é que eles continuam por aí, mas muitos estão a equacionar o futuro e, entretanto, como está tudo mais caro, também querem salários mais altos."
Trechos retirados de "Para onde foram os trabalhadores?"
O @walternatez mandou-me o link para este artigo "Como meia dúzia de cêntimos mudaram a história da Comur".
Um artigo sobre o tema da subida na escala de valor.
"O primeiro passo foi criar uma estratégia diferenciadora e apresentá-la à grande distribuição, mas esbarrou na barreira do preço. A solução passou pela eliminação de intermediários."
Lembrou-me o velho exemplo da Frank Perdue Chicken Farms, e a importância da paciência estratégica. Se a distribuição não está alinhada com a orientação estratégica talvez tenha de se fazer o by-pass à distribuição.
"Não percebendo muito do setor tivemos muita ingenuidade e isso foi meio caminho andado para criar diferenciação face aquilo que já existia."
Lembrou-me a velha estória do suíço que veio para cá produzir azeite.
"achámos também, por outro lado, que as conservas tinham um posicionamento económico muito baixo com muito pouco valor percecionado. Reinava a ideia de que a conserva é um produto de cêntimos."
Lembrou-me o comentário que fiz ao posicionamento das conservas da Comur em "Conservas e pricing" e em "Preço e JTBD são contextuais".
"O primeiro passo foi tentar criar algo de diferente e apresentá-lo à grande distribuição e esbarrámos na mesma barreira que quase todo o agroalimentar português esbarra e que é a grande dificuldade: preço, preço, preço. [Moi ici: Lembrou-me logo o exemplo da Raporal em "A prova do tempo... tudo por causa de um Pingo Doce"] A grande distribuição não estava para acompanhar aquilo que era a nossa intenção de valorizar e posicionar adequadamente e procuramos alternativas. Quase sempre a inovação surge da necessidade. A necessidade é o maior motor para rasgar o convencionado e como não conseguimos através de nenhum distribuidor contar a nossa história, fomos obrigados a ir por outras vias."
Fazer o by-pass à distribuição permite que uma maior fatia do valor actual seja capturada pela empresa, uma vez que elimina o intermediário. E lembrou-me um velho esquema de Larreché:
Fazer o by-pass à distribuição aumenta a captura de valor. No entanto, é preciso trabalhar na originação de valor."O caminho para toda a economia portuguesa e não apenas para setor do pescado ou das conservas só pode assentar na criação de valor acrescentado."
Repito, é preciso trabalhar na originação de valor.
"1. Consumer sovereignty
Not only is the customer king, but all production aims to ultimately satisfy consumers in some sense by providing them with value. This value is entirely up to the consumer. Entrepreneurs can only provide the means, typically a good or a service, that help consumers become better off. Sometimes this requires educating the customer so that they understand the value of the product. And, typically, the value lies in their complete experience, not just what you sell.
2. Value determines price and costs are a choice
With value being in the eyes (and experience) of the consumer, the price they are asked to pay must be (much) lower. The entrepreneur’s job is to figure out at what price their product is attractive, and then choose a cost structure that allows for profit. In other words, the price is a guess based on what value consumers see in the product.
...
3. Entrepreneurship is about creating tomorrow
...
“the ultimate source from which entrepreneurial profit and loss are derived is the uncertainty of the future constellation of demand and supply.'' What that means is individual entrepreneurs choose costs in the present to produce a product that must be sold in the near or distant future, whatever the market situation might be. That’s the uncertainty borne by the entrepreneur.
...
4. Seek to be a good monopolist
In standard economics models, competition is about offering the same or nearly the same goods competing on price. This is a terrible strategy for entrepreneurs, whose superpower is to facilitate value. ...
What benefits consumers most is entrepreneurs who aim to be good monopolists."
Trecho retirado de "Why Every Entrepreneur Should Study the Austrian School of Economics"
"Welcome to the factory of the future: It's smaller, more nimble, and run by highly skilled Americans. Just as important, networks of these facilities could crop up across the United States, bringing manufacturing closer to your consumers and lessening your reliance on a crippled global supply chain."
Esta descrição de Mongo parece retirada deste blogue.
Trecho retirado de "The Factory of the Future Is Here--and It's Run by Americans (and Small Robots)"
Ontem folheei novamente "The practice: shipping creative work" de Seth Godin e fixei-me neste trecho tão aplicável a PMEs que precisam de mudar de vida para subir na escala de valor e aumentar a produtividade:
"There are more than one hundred thousand licensed architects in the United States. Most of them signed up for the steady work of industrialized production. They were trained to build reliable, consistent, and efficient buildings.
Some, though, chose to see a different pattern for their work. They became architects to invent, to create, and to challenge the status quo. They are committed to building structures that invoke awe or wonder. If you’ve been in a building created by one of these architects, you’re likely to remember it.
What’s missing in this gap between good and great is the simple truth that you can’t be a great architect unless you have great clients.
And at the same time, great clients rarely seek out architects who desire to be only good.
When the client wants a cheap, easy building, the architect’s desire to do great work is rarely achieved. And when the client wants something important, she knows that hiring a merely good architect is a mistake.
It’s tempting to blame the clients. But the commitment to be a great architect also requires the professionalism to do the hard work of getting better clients."
Há que recordar qual a inovação de que estamos a falar para fazer esta subida na escala de valor em "O cínico". A inovação que faz crescer o valor daquilo que os clientes estão dispostos a pagar não nasce de um esforço para inovar em abstracto. Esta inovação resulta de resolver um problema na vida dos clientes e, nem todos têm os mesmos problemas. Há que procurar quem tem problemas cuja resolução mereça o valor que queremos ver no que fazemos. E é inevitável, subir na escala de valor implica trabalhar para um mercado mais pequeno, implica ter uma unidade produtiva mais pequena.
Alguns textos que encaixam aqui:
"Differences in average wages across firms which account for around one-half of overall wage inequality are mainly explained by differences in firm wage premia (the part of wages that depends exclusively on characteristics of firms) rather than workforce composition. Using a new cross-country dataset of linked employer-employee data, this paper investigates the role of cross-firm dispersion in productivity in explaining dispersion in firm wage premia, as well as the factors shaping the link between productivity wages at the firm level. The results suggest that around 15% of cross-firm differences in productivity are passed on to differences in firm wage premia. The degree of pass-through is systematically larger in countries and industries with more limited job mobility, where low-productivity firms can afford to pay lower wage premia relative to high-productivity ones without a substantial fraction of workers quitting their jobs. Stronger product market competition raises pass-through while more centralised bargaining and higher minimum wages constrain firm-level wage setting at any given level of productivity dispersion. From a policy perspective, the results suggest that the key priority should be to promote job mobility, which would reduce wage differences between firms while easing the efficient reallocation of workers across them."
"In many OECD countries, there are large and increasing productivity differences between firms, even within narrowly defined industries. At the same time, in these countries, differences in average wages between firms have also increased, explaining more than half of the overall increases in wage inequality. To some extent, such increases in between-firm wage differences reflect the sorting of workers with higher education and more experience into firms paying higher wages. But differences in wages between firms are large even for workers with similar characteristics, suggesting the existence of firm wage premia.
2.2. Wage premia dispersion between firms mainly reflects within-industry differencesWage premia differentials between industries are small relative to differentials between firms within the same industry. On average across countries, around 75% of dispersion in firm wage premia IS explained by wage differences between firms within the same industry (Figure 3)."
A propósito de alguns artigos no Jornal de Negócios de ontem, em torno da mensagem da capa "Há empresas a fechar, outras a investir. A economia está bipolar?" recordei de imediato o índice de turbulência.
Enquanto uns olham e vêem:
"Em Portugal, no período de 2007 a 2015, segundo estudo realizado pela Informa D&B (2016) 34 mil empresas foram criadas por ano. Destas, apenas 67% sobreviveram ao primeiro ano de criação, 52% sobreviveram no mínimo três anos e apenas 33% ultrapassaram 7 anos de existência."[Moi ici: Nunca esqueço outros números deste postal de 2008, "Concentrar, focar, sintonizar, alinhar"]
É de lá que sublinho esta relação entre turbulência e produtividade:
"Callejón e Segarra (1999), em sua pesquisa, em Espanha, sobre a relação entre demografia empresarial, o setor de manufatura e o crescimento da produtividade nas indústrias e região concluem que, em setores industriais, tanto a entrada quanto a saída influenciam positivamente produtividade. [Moi ici: Por um lado a tal famosa citação de Maliranta e a outra de Nassim Taleb, por exemplo em "Deixar a produtividade aumentar", por outro lado o efeito da saída das empresas explicado por Jorge Marrão] A entrada de novas empresas leva a um processo de investimento que incorpora capital, bens e ativos intangíveis mais eficiente, contribuindo positivamente para O crescimento produtivo. Além disso, a entrada das novas empresas, força a saída das empress ociosas no mercado. A soma da taxa de natalidade com a taxa de mortalidade gera a taxa de turbulência logo, nesse contexto, as autoras ressaltam que a alta taxa de turbulência empresarial é um fenómeno que acontece em praticamente todos os setores da economia e que, apesar de muitas vezes acarretar um baixo índice de natalidade líquido, implica uma melhor alocação de recursos para além de incentivar a inovação. [Moi ici: E voltamos à primeira figura de O presente envenenado e ao meu grito "Deixem as empresas morrer!"]
"A taxa de turbulência em si, e a sua separação (taxa de natalidade e mortalidade), possibilita uma primeira perceção sobre a possibilidade de realocação de recursos, das empresas menos produtivas para as mais produtivas, tendo como consequência possíveis movimentos empresarias. Existem evidências empíricas, na Europa, de setores em que se observa baixa taxa de turbulência concomitante com baixo nível de produtividade."
No postal "O presente envenenado" incluí esta figura:
Há muito que escrevo sobre a importância da captação de investimento directo externo, não só por causa do capital, mas também por causa do know-how técnico, know-how de mercado e de ecossistemas. Recordo a receita irlandesa.É só comparar 🇵🇹 com a 🇭🇺 https://t.co/SrUq41g6y2
— Jose Adelino Almeida (@JoseAdelinoAlm2) December 8, 2021
Achei estranha a posição da Irlanda na tabela da figura. Por isso fui à procura de mais informação e encontrei-a. A classificação do tweet diz respeito ao "overall rank". Aqui encontrei a segregação onde é possível encontrar o "Corporate Tax Rank" e o "Cross-Border Tax Rules Rank"... e vêmos coisas que não lembram ao careca ... Portugal (35º lugar) é menos atractivo que a França (34º lugar) para as empresas. Quem diria!!!
Pior do que nós só o Japão e a Colômbia.
"Many people think of strategy as a small set of big decisions. In reality, the success or failure of any strategy hinges on thousands of executional decisions. To ensure that daily decisions align well with the company’s strategic direction, leaders must translate long-term objectives into short-term ones, manipulating levers like communication, process, and incentives. Often, their efforts go awry."
Ontem, ao divulgar o postal "Emprego, preços e desglobalização" nas redes sociais acrescentei o comentário: "Um presente envenenado".
Esta figura descreve o que poderia ser um ciclo virtuoso que poderia elevar os padrões de vida em Portugal:
"Sindicato diz que setor precisa de 80 mil trabalhadores e face à escassez da mão-de-obra há quem recorra a trabalhadores estrangeiros que chegam ao país através de redes ilegais.Estes trabalhadores recebem metade do salário ou nem recebem nada."[Moi ici: E vocês perguntam e não é ilegal? Como é possível? É o modelo dos trabalhadores agrícolas de Odemira. Não esquecer as bofetadas!!!]
Voltar a ser a china da Europa, como antes de haver China. Como tantas vezes repete Seth Godin, o pior que pode acontecer a quem está numa race to the bottom é ... ganhá-la.
"Since the end of May, China has recorded 7,728 covid-19 infections. America has recorded 15.2m. And yet China’s curbs on movement and gathering have been tighter, especially near outbreaks (see chart 1). Its policy of “zero tolerance” towards covid-19 also entails limited tolerance for international travel. It requires visitors to endure a quarantine of at least 14 days in an assigned hotel. The number of mainlanders crossing the border has dropped by 99%, according to Wind, a data provider....Businesspeople in Shanghai have started talking about travel restrictions persisting until 2024. The virus is highly mutable. China’s policy towards it, however, is strikingly invariant."
Acerca do emprego este exemplo "Desemprego do passado dá lugar a falta de mão-de-obra no têxtil no Vale do Ave".
Acerca dos preços este exemplo "Retreat From Globalization Adds to Inflation Risks":
"While supply-chain disruptions, labor shortages and fiscal stimulus have all been blamed for the rise in short-term inflation, another long-term force could also be at work: “deglobalization.”
Economists and policy makers have long argued that globalization helped to lower prices. As trade barriers fell, domestic companies were forced to compete with cheaper imports. Technology and trade liberalization encouraged businesses to outsource production to low-wage countries.
...
“The reorganization and shortening of supply chains…will have a cost that will be passed down to the vendors and ultimately to consumers,”"
"The new management innovation are very different. Instead of an industrial-era focus on internal efficiency and outputs, the primary preoccupation in the new age is external: an obsession with creating value and outcomes for customers and users. Instead of starting from what the firm can produce that might be sold to customers, digital firms work backwards from what customers need and then figure out how that might be delivered in a sustainable way. Instead of limiting themselves to what the firm itself can provide, the firm often mobilizes other firms to help meet user needs."
Quem acompanha este blog desde 2004 pode facilmente recordar o quanto estes temas fazem parte da narrativa desde o início.
O que escrevo acerca do eficientismo, da lição de Marn e Rosiello (o burro era eu), do Evangelho do Valor. O que escrevo acerca de começar pelo fim e isso é olhar para a menina do olho dos clientes-alvo e, a partir do que procuram e valorizam, andar para trás e preparar a organização para entrega sistemática desses inputs (recordar input, não output). E o que escrevo sobre os ecossistemas da procura depois da experiência de 2004 em que o tema emergiu naturalmente de um desafio profissional em mãos, antes de começar a ler sobre o tema.
Quantas empresas ainda precisam de fazer esta transição...
Trecho retirado de "Why Management Innovation Is Hiding In Plain Sight"
Hoje é para mexer num ninho de vespas. A propósito disto no DN de ontem:
Mais um trecho retirado de "How Rich Countries Got Rich and Why Poor Countries Stay Poor" de Erik S. Reinert.
"Recently, innovation has been reintroduced as an economic factor, but this is not sufficient. [Moi ici: Isto é mesmo importante!!!] While learning and innovation are key elements in development, they may also be passed on in the economy as falling prices to foreign consumers. The key insight by Schumpeter's student Hans Singer was that learning and technological change in the production of raw materials, particularly in the absence of a manufacturing sector, tend to lower export prices, rather than increase the standard of living in the raw material producing nation. Learning tends to create wealth for producers only when they are part of a close network once called 'industrialism' - a dynamic system of economic activities subject to increasing productivity through technical change and a complex division of labour. The absence of increasing returns, dynamic imperfect competition and synergies in raw material-producing countries are all part of the mechanisms that perpetuate poverty."
Recordemos esta equação retirada do Evangelho do Valor:
A minha explicação das palavras de Reinert é baseada nesta equação. Se a inovação é usada para baixar custos, não cria diferenciação, não torna a concorrência imperfeita. Assim, o que se retira dessa inovação são preços mais baixos. Se a inovação é usada para criar diferenciação, permite aumentar a concorrência imperfeita e isso permite aumentar preços porque os clientes percepcionam mais valor.Na sequência de "Promotor da concorrência imperfeita, dos monopólios informais e das rendas excessivas" Erik Reinert traz um tema importante que me deixa arrepios:
"rent-seeking is the basic driving force of capitalism. [Moi ici: De acordo desde que seja através daquilo a que chamo monopólios informais] The question is whether this rent spreads through society in general - in the form of higher profits, higher wages and higher taxable income - or not. The theoretical goal of `perfect competition' is a situation that does not create wealth for the producers. To this rent-seeking argument is now added the related argument that industrial policy creates `cronyism', that money is being made through favouritism shown to friends and associates.
With reference to the two types of economic activities - Malthusian and Schumpeterian ... we also need to separate the two types of cronyism. Consider these examples:
2005: A Filipino sugar producer uses his political influence to get import protection for his products.
2000: Major Daley in Chicago (ignoring the advice of University of Chicago economists) provides subsidies to already wealthy high-tech investors through an incubator.
1950s and 1960s: Swedish industrialist Marcus Wallenberg uses his close contacts with Labour Party Minister of Finance Gunnar Strang, to win political support to carry out his plans for Swedish companies, Volvo and Electrolux.
1877: Steel producers in the United States use their political clout to impose 100 per cent duty on steel rails.17
1485: Woolworkers use their connections to King Henry VII to influence the state to give them subsidies and to impose an export duty on raw wool to increase raw material prices for their competitors on the Continent, slowly strangulating the wool industry elsewhere, for example in Florence.
The above examples all involve crony capitalism and rent-seeking behaviour which mainstream economic theory tends to abhor. However, a crucial difference separates the first example from the rest. The Filipino crony differs from the other cronies in that he gets subsidies for a raw material with diminishing returns that competes in a world market-facing perfect competition. In other words, he is a Malthusian crony, leading his country down the path of diminishing returns (in spite of technological change which counteracts this) in an activity where technical change fails to raise real wages. The others are Schumpeterian cronies, producing under what Schumpeter called historical increasing returns (a combination of both increasing returns and fast technological change). If we couple this with new trade theory, we see that the tilted playing fields of Schumpeterian cronyism produce vastly different results from those of the Filipino crony."
Trecho retirado de "How Rich Countries Got Rich and Why Poor Countries Stay Poor" de Erik S. Reinert.
"The neo-classical economists' poor understanding of how businesses operate also contributes to the problem. At the core of their economic theory of capitalism is perfect competition and equilibrium, a situation which produces very little profit. Any successful and profitable business enterprise rests, almost by definition, on some kind of rent-seeking. The poverty-stricken Third World corresponds most closely to conditions of diminishing returns and perfect competition, while the rich countries, whose exports are produced under conditions of Schumpeterian-dynamic imperfect competition, are `rent-seekers' whose rents lead to higher wages and a higher tax base. This failure to understand development as Schumpeterian imperfect competition is at the heart of the arguments against industrial policy. Anything that causes imperfect competition tends to be seen as contributing to `cronyism'.Keynes saw investments resulting from what he called `animal spirits'. Without `animal spirits' - the will to invest in uncertain conditions - capital is sterile, both in the worlds of Joseph Schumpeter and Karl Marx. The motivating force behind `animal spirits' is the desire to maximize profits, thus upsetting the equilibrium of perfect competition."
"Promotor da concorrência imperfeita, dos monopólios informais e das rendas excessivas"
Algo que descobri algures na primeira década do século XXI e que é considerado um sacrilégio pela Economia. Contudo, a solução para uma economia saudável, competitiva, produtiva, capaz de pagar bons salários e gerar lucros atraentes é por aqui.
Trecho retirado de "How Rich Countries Got Rich and Why Poor Countries Stay Poor" de Erik S. Reinert,
"It is widely believed that restructuring has boosted productivity by displacing low-skilled workers and creating jobs for the high skilled."Mas, e como isto é profundo:"In essence, creative destruction means that low productivity plants are displaced by high productivity plants." Por favor voltar a trás e reler esta última afirmação.
.
"Lovaglia’s Law: The more important the outcome of a decision, the more people will resist using evidence to make it."
"If an organisation is too stable it can ossify, but if it is too unstable it can disintegrate. Successful organisations work between these two conditions or states, in what Stacey called ‘the chaos zone’."
"If the customer doesn't care about the price, then the retailer shouldn't care about the cost,"
“It's not enough that we do our best; sometimes we have to do what's required”.
"Das Leben, das uns gegeben ist, ist uns nicht als etwas Fertiges gegeben, sondern wir müssen es uns gestalten, und zwar jeder sein eigenes."
"Eine Regierung, die nichts wert ist, kostet am meisten."
"Forget trying to persuade them; light their pants on fire."
"O futuro é o que importa. O futuro é a base do significado, é de onde vem o projecto que alguém tem para si próprio"
"The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place."
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the one that is most adaptable to change.”
"o Marketing só existe a partir do pensamento estratégico, caso contrário "não resulta""
"It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding it"
"Perder diversidade é como arrancar páginas de um livro. Quantas páginas poderemos arrancar até deixar de compreender o enredo?"
The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie – deliberate, contrived and dishonest – but the myth, persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic. Belief in myths allows the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought."
"By strategy, I mean a cohesive response to a challenge. A real strategy is neither a document nor a forecast but rather an overall approach based on a diagnosis of a challenge. The most important element of a strategy is a coherent viewpoint about the forces at work, not a plan."
"Un desastre està punt de succeir a Espanya. El malentès de la gravetat de la crisi costarà car als inversors, ja que tindrà profundes conseqüències per a tot el sistema bancari europeu", afirma.
Entre d'altres coses, Mauldin diu que "els inversors estan fumant crack si creuen que els bancs espanyols són entre els més forts d'Europa, ja que estan amagant les seves pèrdues".
“… there are no “sunset” industries condemned to disappear in high wage economies, although there are certainly sunset and condemned strategies, among them building a business on the advantages to be gained by cheap labor”
"o vencedor da vida, o optimista que vive em incesto com o próprio ego, é o traço mais frágil do líder"
"We shall not grow wiser before we learn that much
that we have done was very foolish."
You may not be able to change the world but can at least get some entertainment & make a living out of the epistemic arrogance of the human race.
"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do."
“Trust your guts. But not too much!”
"Customers will try 'low-cost providers,' because the majors have not given them any clear reason not to." "
"Natal é quando as Crianças pedem e os Pais pagam. Défices é quando os Pais pedem e as Crianças pagam."
"A imprevidência dos povos é infinita, a dos governos é legal"
"What a man sees depends both upon what he looks at and also upon what his previous visual-conceptual experience has taught him to see"
“The leaders first task is to be the trumpet that sounds a clear sound”
"lamented the lack of any systematic data on the scale of unfunded IOUs that care-free politicians have handed out like confetti."
"Let them call me rebel and welcome, I feel no concern from it; but I should suffer the misery of devils, were I to make a whore of my soul..."
O problema não é o consumo. O problema é o consumo assente em endividamento."
"There are designations, like "economist", "prostitute", or "consultant" for which additional characterization doesn't add information."
When it becomes more difficult to suffer than change, you will change"
"Hope is not a strategy and a crisis is a terrible thing to waste"
The more you can see of the present, the more you can see of the future"
Yes, You can change the future, but only changing the present"
"Entrepreneurship is 'Having aspirations greater than your resources'"
“The single biggest reason companies fail is they overinvest in what is, as opposed to what might be."
"The first principle is that you must not fool yourself - and you are the easiest person to fool. So you have to be very careful about that"
"A estabilidade é uma ilusão"
"When we create the conditions of possibility, the universe becomes our co-conspirator"
Thinking about doing is not doing. Talking about doing is not doing. Doing is doing."
"'God has created me to do him some definite service. He has committed some work to me which he has not committed to another'.
...
"Each of us has a mission, each of us is called to change the world, to work for a culture of life, a culture forged by love and respect for the dignity of each human person.
"As our Lord tells us in the Gospel we have just heard, our light must shine in the sight of all, so that, seeing our good works, they may give praise to our heavenly Father."
"The future is not there waiting for us. We create it by the power of imagination."
"confusing testosterone with strategy is a bad idea"
"Much consulting involves the application of models to a system, as opposed to getting involved in the system as a positive change agent""
"O Portugal que pára sem orçamento é precisamente aquele que vive dele e que há todo o interesse em parar."
"credibilidade da política financeira e dos seus executores está ao nível da credibilidade de uma barraca das farturas"
"The role of the manager is thought to be reduction of uncertainty rather than the capacity to live creatively in it"
"today an entrepreneur is closer to artists than managers"
"A business without a path to profit isn’t a business, it’s a hobby"
"If no one’s upset by what you’re saying, you’re probably not pushing hard enough. (And you’re probably boring, too.)"
"Storytelling isn’t just how we construct our identities, stories are our identities"
"'He who has a why to live can bear almost any how' "
"They can because they think they can"
"Se há coisa que não suporto é misturar catequese com negócios, é a incapacidade para calçar os sapatos do outro e só pensar na nossa posição de coitadinhos, pobres vítimas indefesas dos maus e que por isso precisamos do Estado todo poderoso para nos proteger e, nem percebem na volta, os juros que o Estado cobra por esse serviço mafioso de protecção que, ainda por cima não resolve nada."
"Empathy is like a universal solvent. Any problem immersed in empathy becomes soluble."
"In victory, do not brag; in defeat, do not weep"
"Value it's a feeling not a calculation"
"An economist is someone who has had a human being described to him, but has never actually seen one."
"Don't finish first--it's not about running a rat race. Start with a better ending in mind."
"If you sit in on a poker game and don’t see a sucker, get up. You’re the sucker.”
"The 'value added' for most any company, tiny or enormous, comes from the Quality of Experience provided."
"Crediting government with the success of entrepreneurs is like crediting the guy who built Bill Gates’ garage with the success of Microsoft."
"I have found that assuming social scientists understand the difference between correlation and causality is not generally a good one."
"Promising never to raise taxes, without reaching a deal on spending, really means a high and rising commitment to future taxes."
"Some things are so foolish that only an intellectual could believe them, for no ordinary man could be such a fool"
"os bancos não financiam a economia, a poupança sim"
"I do not know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody"
"Never be afraid to try, remember... Amateurs built the ark. Professionals built the Titanic."
"terms such as 'experiment' and 'observation' cover complex processes containing many strands. 'Facts' come from negotiations between different parties and the final product - the published report - is influenced by physical events, dataprocessors, compromises, exhaustion, lack of money, national pride and so on."
"'science in the making' is 'the consequence of [a] settlement' of 'controversies'."
"If the state wishes to spend more, it can do so only by borrowing your savings or taxing you more. And it's no good thinking someone else will pay, that someone else is you."
"All failures of strategy are rooted in the assumption that outcomes are predictable."
"Doing things like your bigger competitors is how to get killed in the wars out there"
“Uma moeda boa e forte é como a saúde. Só lhe damos verdadeiramente valor quando não a temos.”
"Life’s tough. It’s tougher if you’re stupid"
"O homem de bem exige tudo de si próprio; o homem medíocre espera tudo dos outros"
"Change is a threat when done to me, but an opportunity when done by me."
"As elites foram deixando de falar das exportações à medida que se foi percebendo que o país consegue exportar sem elas"
"Your toughest competition is the little voice inside your head telling you to stop"
"Pain is just weakness leaving your body"
"Built to last" is bad economics. Built to do something great" is the better idea. Think: "Creative destruction."
"the world is an uncertain place no matter how many Greek letter equations you affix to a problem."
"You never change things by fighting existing reality. To change s.th., build a new model making the existing model obsolete"
“No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical.”
"Success is not a destination. It's the trail you leave behind you."
"Winners make a habit of manufacturing their own positive expectations in advance of the event."
“You’ve got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology – not the other way around”
"Strategy as the "smallest set of - intended or actual - choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions."
"When something is commoditized, an adjacent market becomes valuable"
"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"
"There aren't any textbooks on what to stop doing!"
"With great power comes great irresponsibility "
"Weird things happen when you take price out of the equation for consumers"
"‘It’s so damn complex. If you ever think you have the solution to this, you’re wrong and you’re dangerous.’"
"Saruman believes it is only great power that can hold evil in check, but that is not what I have found. I found it is the small everyday deeds of ordinary folk that keep the darkness at bay. Small acts of kindness and love."
"Increasing stuff that doesn't add value dilutes existing value."
"O federalismo não é a alternativa à troika, é a troika para sempre."
"Never underestimate the difficulty of changing false beliefs by facts"
"Stressors are information"
“If you hear a “prominent” economist using the word ‘equilibrium,’ or ‘normal distribution,’ do not argue with him; just ignore him, or try to put a rat down his shirt.”
"The advantage of experiences over things for most of us is that we can make them seem unique, which = scarce, which = value"
"Pedras no caminho?
Guardo todas, um dia vou construir um castelo"
"Without risk, faith is an impossibility."
"Não posso com quem vive a achar que os outros lhe devem sempre alguma coisa."
"In a world of increasing automation, our ability to perform tasks is not nearly as important as our ability to dream. The questions we need to ask are not ones of action, but ones of meaning"
"Me arrancam tudo a força e depois me chamam de contribuinte."
"Letting people vote for expensive programs that “somebody else” will finance is a good recipe for getting people to vote irresponsibly"
"what's fairness gotta do with pricing based in value?"
"The epic battle of our generation is between the status quo of mass and the never-ceasing tide of weird."
“Price is emotional”
"There will always be a reason why you can't pursue it, until competitors create a reason why you must."
"The most important thing to study is opening theory"
"The greater the contrast, the greater the potential"
“Customers don't care about your solution, they care about their problems.”
"Todos querem conhecer a verdade, mas o que desejam é que lhes contem uma mentira em que não sejam protagonistas."
"Execution efficiency strangles innovation in the crib, but not with malice, by default.”
"Our obsession with scalability is getting in the way of unleashing the potential of the 21st century."
"The system is optimized to mitigate risk, not create value"
"Champions are made when no one is looking"
"Don't bargain on value. Half as expensive is often twice as cheap."
"Customers care about outcomes, not effort, technology, or originality."
"
"You don't have to pick between 1) playing the game and 2) not playing the game. You can *change* the game."
""The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool." "