sábado, agosto 26, 2023

A economia é contextual

"If you read what Peter Drucker had to say about competition back in the late ’50s and early ‘60s, he really only talked about one thing: competition on price. He was hardly alone — that was evidently how most economists thought about competition, too."

A economia não é como a física newtoniana, é contextual. O que funciona depois de algum tempo não funciona mais porque o contexto mudou. Nos anos 50 e início dos anos 60 a concorrência era no preço, ainda vivíamos no século XX.

Trecho inicial retirado de "What Is Strategy, Again?"

quinta-feira, agosto 24, 2023

"The "autotelic self""

E aplicar o que segue a empresas? Atentas ao contexto, prontas a abraçar a mudança, e sentindo-se ao volante,  estabelecem indicadores e objectivos, monitorizam o desempenho e tomam decisões com base no feedback. Não porque seguem uma receita, mas porque vivem.

"A person who is healthy, rich, strong, and powerful has no greater odds of being in control of his consciousness than one who is sickly, poor, weak, and oppressed. The difference between someone who enjoys life and someone who is overwhelmed by it is a product of a combination of such external factors and the way a person has come to interpret them - that is, whether he sees challenges as threats or as opportunities for action. [Moi ici: Recordar as reflexões sobre os que resistem à mudança versus os que a abraçam - Abraçar ou resistir à mudança? ou Resistir versus abraçar]

The "autotelic self" is one that easily translates potential threats into enjoyable challenges, and therefore maintains its inner harmony. A person who is never bored, seldom anxious, involved with what goes on, and in flow most of the time may be said to have an autotelic self. The term literally means "a self that has self-contained goals," and it reflects the idea that such an individual has relatively few goals that do not originate from within the self [Moi ici: Recordar as reflexões sobre o locus de controlo interno e externo - Isto é mesmo um desafio digno de Hercules e Calimeros - não obrigado!].  For most people, goals are shaped directly by biological needs and social conventions, and therefore their origin is outside the self. For an autotelic person, the primary goals emerge from experience evaluated in consciousness, and therefore from the self proper.

The autotelic self transforms potentially entropic experience into flow. Therefore the rules for developing such a self are simple, and they derive directly from the flow model. Briefly, they can be summarized as follows:

1. Setting goals. To be able to experience flow, one must have clear goals to strive for. A person with an autotelic self learns to make choices-ranging from lifelong commitments, such as getting married and settling on a vocation, to trivial decisions like what to do on the weekend or how to spend the time waiting in the dentist's office--without much fuss and the minimum of panic.

...

As soon as the goals and challenges define a system of action, they in turn suggest the skills necessary to operate within it. If I decide to quit my job and become a resort operator, it follows that I should learn about hotel management, financing, commercial locations, and so on. Of course, the sequence may also start in reverse order: what I perceive my skills to be could lead to the development of a particular goal that builds on those strengths - I may decide to become a resort operator because I see myself as having the right qualifications for it.

And to develop skills, one needs to pay attention to the results of one's actions-to monitor the feedback. To become a good resort operator, I have to interpret correctly what the bankers who might lend me money think about my business proposal. I need to know what features of the operation are attractive to customers and what features they dislike. Without constant attention to feedback I would soon become detached from the system of action, cease to develop skills, and become less effective.

One of the basic differences between a person with an autotelic self and one without it is that the former knows that it is she who has chosen whatever goal she is pursuing. What she does is not random, nor is it the result of outside determining forces. This fact results in two seemingly opposite outcomes. On the one hand, having a feeling of ownership of her decisions, the person is more strongly dedicated to her goals. Her actions are reliable and internally controlled. On the other hand, knowing them to be her own, she can more easily modify her goals whenever the reasons for preserving them no longer make sense. In that respect, an autotelic person's behavior is both more consistent and more flexible."

terça-feira, agosto 22, 2023

"Subjective experience is not just one of the dimensions of life, it is life itself"

"Spoiler alert: The good life is a complicated life. For everybody.

The good life is joyful... and challenging. Full of love, but also pain. And it never strictly happens; instead, the good life unfolds, through time. It is a process. It includes turmoil, calm, lightness, burdens, struggles, achievements, setbacks, leaps forward, and terrible falls. And of course, the good life always ends in death.

A cheery sales pitch, we know.

But let's not mince words. Life, even when it's good, is not easy. There is simply no way to make life perfect, and if there were, then it wouldn't be good.

Why? Because a rich life-a good life-is forged from precisely the things that make it hard."

Trecho retirado de "THE GOOD LIFE - Lessons from the World's Longest Scientific Study of Happiness"

"Subjective experience is not just one of the dimensions of life, it is life itself. Material conditions are secondary: they only affect us indirectly, by way of experience. Flow, and even pleasure, on the other hand, benefit the quality of life directly. Health, money, and other material advantages may or may not improve life. Unless a person has learned to control psychic energy, chances are such advantages will be useless. Conversely, many individuals who have suffered harshly end up not only surviving, but also thoroughly enjoying their lives. How is it possible that people are able to achieve harmony of mind, and grow in complexity, even when some of the worst things imaginable happen to them? That is the outwardly simple question this chapter will explore. In the process, we shall examine some of the strategies people use to cope with stressful events, and review how an autotelic self can manage to create order out of chaos.

...

The ability to take misfortune and make something good come of it is a very rare gift. Those who possess it are called "survivors," and are said to have "resilience," or "courage." Whatever we call them, it is generally understood that they are exceptional people who have overcome great hardships, and have surmounted obstacles that would daunt most men and women. In fact, when average people are asked to name the individuals they admire the most, and to explain why these men and women are admired, courage and the ability to overcome hardship are the qualities most often mentioned as a reason for admiration. As Francis Bacon remarked, quoting from a speech by the Stoic philosopher Seneca, "The good things which belong to prosperity are to be wished, but the good things that belong to adversity are to be admired." 

Trechos retirados de "Flow - The Psychology of Optimal Experience" de Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.  

segunda-feira, agosto 21, 2023

"messianic belief in the power of government"

"The real problem with the Treasury's intelectual scepticism is that there is not enough of it in the world. The west is going through a phase of almost messianic belief in the power of government.

...

The state can do spectacular things. Europe cut its reliance on Russian fossil fuels at speed. Governmental leadership, not just biomedical genius, produced the Covid-19 vaccine.

But these feats tend to happen under extreme duress. In normal times, the business of government is to make things a bit better, knowing that it will make other things a bit worse. This is because: resources are finite, different goals conflict, advanced countries plucked most of the low-hanging fruit long ago, unintended consequences obtain, and social outcomes are determined as much by deep historical patterns or geographic constraints as by diktat.

The problem illness isn't Treasury Brain. It is Do Something-itis. Public life isn't full of pessimism. It is full of 10-point plans and summits called things like Horizon 2055. Sunak began the year with a pledge to halve inflation within 12 months. This is a man who "runs" an open, midsized economy, exposed to such outside vagaries as the Ukraine war and foreign central bank policy. Even if the pledge is met, it was vainglorious to make. And he is a relative sceptic about government. The Treasury was always accused of hiring humanities-trained generalists over technical economists. Is that all bad? With some Shakespeare or Conrad, it is easier to see that one's schemes to better the world have to reckon with the permanence of human nature, among other external forces. It is a public service, not a mental defect, to understand how little we can do against the tempest."

Trechos retirados de "The west has forgotten the limits of government"

domingo, agosto 20, 2023

"A store manager is the CEO of their store."

Em tempos trabalhei com uma empresa em que a gerência não queria que os comerciais soubessem o que se vendia e quanto se vendia. Juro!

Entretanto, ontem no WSJ, "Why a Zara Bet Big on a Maxi Dress":

"The Zara store in London's Chelsea neighborhood received a new range of maxi dresses in various styles. After just one week, store manager Ana Oliveira analyzed the sales data and saw that the dresses with prints were selling much better in her shop than those in solid colors. So she moved the print designs to the tall rails by the entrance. They would be the first thing shoppers would see as they came into the store, she said.

Zara is going local, giving store managers control over their shops' inventory, displays and designs.

The strategy relies heavily on its proprietary data system and a willingness to break the standard fashion-chain practice of making centralized decisions on stores' behalf.

...

"It's my kingdom, ," said Oliveira. She credits the new tech with giving her a level of control that wasn't previously possible.

Especially useful, Oliveira said, is her ability to crosscheck what's happening regionally, using data compiled from a basket of comparable U.K. stores. If a top-selling item at other British stores isn't doing so well in Chelsea, that is her cue to change up her displays, move unpopular items to storage or request new designs from Zara's headquarters.

...

After a warm weekend in June, her store's data showed a rise in demand for linen menswear, Oliveira said. Sensing the beginning of a trend, she quickly rearranged the layout of the men's section to put linen shirts and trousers in the most visible display areas.

It doesn't make sense to keep commercial data locked away at headquarters when store employees can use it to maximize sales, said Inditex Chief Executive scar García Maceiras. He said the mirror system was developed in response to managers requesting access to more data to help them oversee their stores, crediting managers as the key ingredient to Zara's success: "A store manager is the CEO of their store."

When Oliveira saw a drop in demand for blazers and a corresponding bump in T-shirt purchases relative to the week before, she interpreted it as a sign of a seasonal shift as summer arrived. As a result, she changed the displays to give more space to warmweather clothes."

sábado, agosto 19, 2023

Acho estranho ...

No FT de hoje "Novartis plans to spin off generics unit Sandoz in October".

Em empresas pequenas este tipo de decisão devia ser tomada mais vezes. Empresas pequenas têm poucos recursos e devem concentrar-se onde podem fazer a diferença. Em empresas pequenas, normalmente, um dos negócios vive à custa do outro. E recuo a Jonathan Byrnes, a Kotler e à curva de Stobachoff. Em empresas pequenas, sem "plant-within-the-plant", a gestão comporta-se como um esquizofrénico que às segundas, terças e quartas olha para as bolas vermelhas como artesanato, e às quintas, sextas e Sábados olha para as bolas vermelhas como produção em série. Resultado: desempenho zombie.

Em empresas grandes, com acesso a recursos humanos que se podem focar em coisas diferentes... acho estranho. Quer isto dizer que quem pensa a corporação não vê capacidade de criar valor na pertença da Novartis e da Sandoz a um mesmo todo. 

Inveja da Novo Nordisk?

Seguir a onda?


sexta-feira, agosto 18, 2023

Simplesmente impressionante

Simplesmente impressionante:

Deixar esta mensagem afundar lentamente na consciência...

Imagem retirada de "Mais de metade dos jovens até aos 34 anos vive com os pais"

Curiosidade do dia

Coisas que não acontecem em Portugal, mas aparecem no FT:

"Hawaiian Electric/fires: transmission risks

The securities of US energy utilities are supposed to be safe investments.

Consumer prices for power are set by regulators with the aim of producing solid returns. In parts of the US, climate change has upended that.

Shares of Hawaiian Electric Industries have fallen nearly 70 per cent this month. Investors fear that electricity transmission equipment may be implicated in wildfires claiming more than 100 lives and causing property damage running into billions."

quarta-feira, agosto 16, 2023

Curiosidade do dia

"You, as a mere taxpayer, or holder of UK public debt, might ask when you can expect this putative return on spending to materialise. Look, don't be so difficult. And learn to call it "investment". "Spending" is as below-stairs now as calling a napkin a serviette."

Um clássico português, chamar investimento a torrefacção pura de impostagem presente e futura.

Trecho retirado de "The west has forgotten the limits of government"

terça-feira, agosto 15, 2023

Acerca das exportações portuguesas e espanholas

Neste interessante artigo "La industria farmacéutica da el 'sorpasso al automóvil como mayor exportadora de España":

O artigo chama a atenção para o peso das vacinas Covid-19 produzidas em Espanha e que não terão peso no futuro. No entanto, é interessante notar a evolução do perfil das exportações entre 2019 e 2022 na figura acima.

Fiquei curioso e com vontade de comparar o perfil espanhol com o nosso:
Quase 20% das nossas exportações são veículos e combustíveis (em Espanha pouco mais de 13%)

Uma evolução assim faz-me pensar logo na evolução dos produtos farmacêuticos na Irlanda. 

Vou numa próxima oportunidade comparar a evolução do perfil das exportações portugueses entre 2013 e 2023.




segunda-feira, agosto 14, 2023

Mongo e o "Bud Light Fiasco"

O planeta Mongo da série de banda desenhada Flash Gordon é o lar de várias tribos e reinos com culturas, tecnologias e sistemas distintos. Da mesma forma, a economia pós-século XX é marcada pela complexidade e diversidade da oferta e procura cada vez mais atomizada e apaixonada. Foi disso que me lembrei em 2007 para criar uma metáfora que dura até aos dias de hoje (A cauda longa e o planeta Mongo).

Seth Godin usa uma imagem interessante, o século XX via os clientes como plancton, uma massa homogénea. Eu vejo o século XXI como o tempo de Mongo, ou do Estranhistão, terra de Um número infinito de nichos.

Em Novembro passado escapou-me este artigo sobre Mongo, "Strategy in a Hyperpolitical World":

"So what does that mean for strategy?

We define strategy as the art of making informed choices in a competitive environment. Choices are important when differing paths lead to differential risks and rewards. When the social environment is broadly favorable to business, a company's strategic choices can be justified in purely business terms or, as necessary, finessed with carefully crafted press releases. Today, however, choices must be made on an expanded playing field. They are often complex because the underlying ethical, social, and political issues are constantly evolving and defy simple analysis. To make and implement the best strategic choices in this environment, leaders will have to (1) develop robust principles to guide strategic choices, (2) address ethical issues early, (3) consistently communicate and implement their choices, (4) engage beyond the industry to shape the context, and (5) learn from mistakes to make better choices."

Entretanto, há dias li "The Strategy Lesson from the Bud Light Fiasco": 

"A company’s goal should be to present an offering — supported by compelling messaging — that has advantaged appeal to the biggest circle possible. That may be a relatively small circle — Red Bay Coffee — or a relatively big one — Starbucks Coffee. But it should be as big a circle as the offering can support.

The Temptation

In pursuing the biggest circle supportable, companies are forever tempted to send different messages to different parts of their audience — whether inside or outside the confines of their current circle — in an attempt to strengthen and/or enlarge their circle.

...

this kind of thing is getting ever more dangerous with ever increasing transparency,

...

In this age of fuller transparency, brands must think a lot more thoroughly and carefully about the heterogeneity of their Where to Play (WTP), which hangs together now and produces their current market share. But under its apparently calm surface, that overall share hides fault lines — those customers aren’t all the same even if they buy the same product. If a brand isn’t careful, it can take those fault lines that lie benignly beneath the surface and turn them into giant fissures with its actions.

...

The naïve idea — not an unusual one but naïve nonetheless — was that Bud Light could keep all its current customers, and, with this terrific new message, could appeal to some new ones (whether light users or non-users). This kind of naivety has always been dangerous. But it has gotten a lot more so in this hyperpolitical and transparent world.

The Particular Challenge for Broad-Based Companies

It is particularly challenging for broad-based companies and going to get more challenging. The broader-based a company is, the greater heterogeneity its customer base is likely to embody. Every company will have heterogeneity in its customer base. But a giant retailer, like Target, will likely have a greater level of heterogeneity in its customer base than tiny LGBTQ+-friendly clothing retailer, WILDFANG. Ultra Right Beer was launched to woo disaffected Bud Light customers and seemed deliriously happy to hit the $1 million mark in sales. But that is one-five thousandth of the (pre-fiasco) sales of Bud Light. With great size comes more dangerous and pronounced fault lines."

Como não recuar a 2014 e a "-Tu não és meu irmão de sangue!"

O século XX económico (da inauguração da linha de montagem da Ford até à queda do Muro de Berlin) foi um acidente histórico que agora estamos a corrigir, o futuro não é de homogeneidade, mas de heterogeneidade. E mundos heterogéneos não são meigos para com os gigantes. Nunca esqueço: Too big to care.

sábado, agosto 12, 2023

O destino do turismo

Assisti ontem à noite na CNN Portugal a uma parte da conversa com profissionais do turismo algarvio. Na parte da conversa que ouvi este tema surgiu "Algarve "descola da imagem de destino barato". Subida dos preços compensa menos dormidas":

"Decréscimo no número de dormidas no Algarve está a ser compensado pelo aumento dos preços. Redução foi registada essencialmente por parte dos portugueses, pressionados pela inflação e taxas de juros."

Não é impunemente que se sobem salários acima da produtividade, a consequência natural é aumentar os preços e/ou cortar as margens. É o destino!

É o mesmo destino das PMEs exportadoras nos sectores tradicionais. Produzem para fora porque os portugueses não têm poder de compra para as suportar.

Já ontem tinha apanhado este artigo "Açores: Falta de mão-de-obra deixa restaurantes a «meio-gás". Sinal gritante de que a procura (turistas) é superior à oferta. Se os açorianos querem restaurantes com qualidade de serviço têm de ter empregados qualificados, se não os há têm de aumentar os salários e para isso têm de aumentar os preços. Se as pessoas percebessem a assimetria do impacte da subidas de preços, optariam por ele mais vezes. Recordo o Evangelho do Valor, os clientes que se perdem com a subida de preços são mais do que compensados pelo que se ganha a mais com os que se mantêm.

Turistas mais satisfeitos, empregados mais satisfeitos, patrões mais satisfeitos e ambiente menos ameaçado.

Claro, o Evangelho do Valor só funciona se os Açores se focarem nas suas vantagens competitivas como destino turístico: baleias, líquenes (acho que ninguém liga a este potencial) e Atlântida.

sexta-feira, agosto 11, 2023

Curiosidade do dia

No FT de sexta, 11 de Agosto último, este artigo muito interessante, "Is Britain really as poor as Mississippi?"

Primeiro, este gráfico super-eloquente:


Uma nota final, aplicável a Portugal:

O autor destaca um paradoxo: Londres é a principal força que mantém o Reino Unido numa posição económica superior, mas a sua posição de domínio tem impedido outras regiões de contribuirem plenamente para o seu potencial económico. O artigo conclui que, se o Reino Unido pretende superar a "Questão do Mississippi" e recuperar a mobilidade ascendente, será necessário mais do que apenas a força económica de Londres; outras partes do país também devem desempenhar um papel como motores económicos.

Empobrecimento garantido

Primeiro estes números:

Desde Q4 2019 até Q1 2023 os custos do trabalho cresceram 19%. Como refere Nogueira Leite no Twitter:
"Aliás é aquele em q os ganhos relativos dos salários foram mais expressivos"

Recordo do ECO, "Portugal é o país da OCDE com o maior aumento real dos custos laborais

Entretanto, no Expresso encontro:
"O aumento do emprego, como aconteceu em Portugal no segundo trimestre deste ano, é sempre positivo. Mas nem tudo foram boas notícias nos números divulgados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE). É que o emprego mais qualificado caiu. E caiu muito.
Entre o segundo trimestre de 2022 e o segundo trimestre deste ano, contam-se no país menos 128 mil pessoas empregadas com ensino superior. Um recuo de 7,3%. E "a comparação homóloga regista uma queda pelo quarto trimestre consecutivo" salienta uma nota de análise do BPI."

No Público li, "Ao fim de nove meses, número de trabalhadores licenciados voltou a subir":

"Num mercado de trabalho em que o emprego continuou a crescer (mais 54,7 mil empregos face ao trimestre imediatamente anterior e mais 77,6 mil empregos face ao período homólogo do ano anterior), esta quebra em termos homólogos no número de trabalhadores licenciados tem como contraponto um aumento do número de trabalhadores com niveis de ensino mais baixos. Passou a haver, DOS últimos 12 meses, mais 171,3 mil trabalhadores que não foram além do terceiro ciclo do ensino básico.

...

O que é que terá acontecido nos três trimestres anteriores para se assistir a um retrocesso? A explicação poderá estar na forma como a economia portuguesa tem crescido mais recentemente. De facto, a maior parte dos empregos criados em Portugal nos últimos 12 meses veio, mostram 

...

a maior parte dos empregos criados em Portugal nos últimos 12 meses veio, mostram os dados publicados ontem pelo INE, do sector do alojamento e restauração (mais 74,3 mil empregos) e do sector da construção (mais 40,7 mil empregos). Estes são sectores que, em média, tem trabalhadores com níveis de ensino mais baixos"


Ainda no Expresso encontro "Turismo e construção puxam emprego em Portugal para novo máximo"

Salários a aumentar e produtividade relativa a cair ano após ano ...

Ou eu me engano muito, ou o caldinho que se está a preparar não é o melhor:

  • salários a crescer mais do que a produtividade - em vez de gerar morte das empresas com menos valor acrescentado, mata emprego qualificado… isto é tão weird. Especulo que só acontece por causa da facilidade em importar mão de obra barata.
  • salários a crescer mais do que a produtividade - em vez de gerar o flying geese que mata as empresas com menos valor acrescentado, gera uma abordagem que alimenta os sectores não transaccionáveis (competitivos pelos custos).
  • Sucesso das empresas competitivas pelos custos gera empobrecimento garantido.

Agora vou repousar uns dias para carregar pilhas.

quinta-feira, agosto 10, 2023

Exportações - sobre o primeiro semestre de 2023

Como referi em Inversão de ciclo até que ponto a metalomecânica está a ser, vai ser, o equivalente ao têxtil nos anos 70?

Os animais vivos e aas preprações hortícolas continuam a sua estória de sucesso.

Um lado que estas análises não revelam encontra-se neste artigo "Franceses e alemães ajudam a aliviar perdas das exportações têxteis em julho":
"Em termos de grandes categorias de produtos, as exportações de matérias têxteis caíram 7% em volume e 1% em quantidade, valor enquanto nos têxteis-lar e outros artigos têxteis confecionados baixaram 9% em volume e 17% em valor. [Moi ici: Em tempos de crise o têxtil sofre logo] Já o vestuário, embora tenha vendido menos peças lá fora (-8%), conseguiu vendê-las mais caras (+9% em valor)."[Moi ici: Apesar de tudo, um bom sinal]
Um acompanhamento pessoal, o vinho. Daqui "Exportações de vinhos portugueses sobem quase 4% para 447,6 milhões até junho":
""Nos primeiros seis meses do ano, as exportações totais de vinho atingiram os 447,6 milhões de euros, 158,3 milhões de litros, a um preço médio de 2,83 euros por litro",[Moi ici: Come on, que preço mixiruca é este?] indicou, em comunicado, a ViniPortugal. Em comparação com o mesmo período de 2022, verificou-se um crescimento de 3,4 milhões de litros nas exportações em volume, 16,8 milhões de euros em valor e 0,05 euros no preço médio."




quarta-feira, agosto 09, 2023

Prepare-se, não seja apanhado desprevenido

Na capa do WSJ de ontem, "The World's Factory Floor Struggles to Attract Workers":

"The workplace features floor-to-ceiling windows and a cafe serving matcha tea, as well as free voga and dance classes. Everv month, workers gather at team-building sessions to drink beer, drive go-karts and go bowling.

This isn't Google. It's a garment factory in Vietnam.

Asia, the world's factory floor and the source of much of the stuff Americans buy, is running into a big problem: Its young people, by and large, don't want to work in factories.[Moi ici: A minha primeira reacção é pensar que isto é um sinal positivo, um sinal do mecanismo dos Flying Geese a funcionar]

That's why the garment factory is trying to make its manufacturing floor more enticing, and why alarm bells are ringing at Western companies that rely on the region's inexpensive labor to churn out affordable consumer goods.

The twilight of ultra cheap Asian factory labor is emerging as the latest test of the globalized manufacturing model, which over the past three decades has delivered a vast array of inexpensively produced goods to consumers around the world.

...

"There's nowhere left on the planet that's going to be able to give you what you want," said Paul Norriss, the

British co-founder of the Vietnam garment factory, UnAvailable, based in Ho Chi Minh City. "People are going to have to change their consumer habits, and so are brands.""

Um extenso artigo e com vários pontos de vista:

  • banhista gordo,
  • flying geese,
  • demografia,
  • implicações no futuro do mercado e das marcas,
  • tentativa das empresas melhorarem a experiência no local de trabalho,
  • para quem não tem filhos, ou vive em casa dos pais, o dinheiro não é tudo.
"Chipmakers are rebuilding the US semicondutor industry with $231 billion in new investments spurred by the enactment of the landmark CHIPS and Science Act a year ago.
But even as Biden officials celebrate the anniversary of that legislation this week, there are mounting concerns about whether enough skilled workers will be there to run these factories once they are online.
Labor shortages have already affected the construction of one major project in Phoenix. Meanwhile, a possible national shortfall could also complicate efforts in the year ahead by
Intel (INTC) in central Ohio, Micron (MU) in upstate New York, as well as other new projects from Texas to Utah.
The issue could prove a headwind for America's efforts to reverse a decades-long decline in semicondutor manufacturing and also complicate a key tenet of Biden's case for reelection."

segunda-feira, agosto 07, 2023

"Getting control of life is never easy"

"Contrary to what we usually believe, moments like these, the best moments in our lives, are not the passive, receptive, relaxing times-although such experiences can also be enjoyable, if we have worked hard to attain them. The best moments usually occur when a person's body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile. Optimal experience is thus something that we make happen. For a child, it could be placing with trembling fingers the last block on a tower she has built, higher than any she has built so far; for a swimmer, it could be trying to beat his own record; for a violinist, mastering an intricate musical passage. For each person there are thousands of opportunities, challenges to expand ourselves.

Such experiences are not necessarily pleasant at the time they occur. The swimmer's muscles might have ached during his most memorable race, his lungs might have felt like exploding, and he might have been dizzy with fatigue-yet these could have been the best moments of his life. Getting control of life is never easy, and sometimes it can be definitely painful. But in the long run optimal experiences add up to a sense of mastery or perhaps better, a sense of participation in determining the content of life - that comes as close to what is usually meant by happiness as anything else we can conceivably imagine."

Trecho retirado de "Flow - The Psychology of Optimal Experience" de Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.  

"And the nicest thing about not planning is ..."

Ontem, via Twitter, cheguei a este artigo, "Lanxess-Chef warnt: Die DeIndustrialisierung beginnt". Entretanto, para contextualizar o artigo, este gráfico é eloquente. Ilustra a evolução do preço da energia na Alemanha desde que foi tomada a decisão de fechar as centrais nucleares.


Mais um grupo de especialidades químicas alemão, Lanxess, anuncia o encerramento de duas fábricas por falta de capacidade competitiva dado o elevado preço da energia, mas não só. Outras empresas químicas também estão actualmente a cortar custos. A empresa química Evonik, está a cortar novas contratações até o final do ano, reduziu fortemente os orçamentos de viagens e cortou custos de consultoria - com o objetivo de economizar 250 milhões de euros neste ano. O grupo de plásticos Covestro também está a apertar o cinto em todas as áreas de custos. Em Fevereiro passado foi a BASF.

A minha pergunta foi:

Sem dinheiro dos impostos alemães para sustentar países não-frugais qual será o contexto futuro? Que oportunidades e ameaças?

Claro, a frase do ICI-man vem-me sempre à mente:

"Planning is an unnatural process; it is much more fun to do something. And the nicest thing about not planning is that failure comes as a complete surprise rather than being preceded by a period of worry and depression."