Também por isto sou um contrarian (parte II)

Parte I.

A propósito de "Robôs destroem 440 mil empregos na indústria e comércio até 2030" e do pormenor:

"Indústria, comércio, transportes, funções administrativas e de públicas e agricultura. Estão entre os sectores onde o impacto da automação na destruição de emprego mais se fará sentir."

Sorrio e vou buscar "Report: Retailers have zero clue what shoppers really want":

"Hey, retail executive. It’s very nice of you to suggest I speak with your robot, but no, I’ll pass. It looks like there is a fully functioning human standing in the corner of your shop. Would it really be too much trouble to speak with him instead?
...
I’m not the only one who feels like this. In a report that comes as a surprise to absolutely no one but overeager retail execs, 95% of consumers don’t want to talk to a robot when they are shopping, neither online nor in brick-and-mortar stores. And 86% have no desire for other shiny new technologies either, like artificial intelligence and virtual reality. I, for one, don’t want to pop into a store to quickly pick up that alpaca sweater I saw online, only to have some sort of weird headset shoved in my face.
...
The vast majority of retail executives believe that AI and VR will increase foot traffic and sales, but 48% of shoppers say these technologies will have zero impact on whether they visit a store, and only 14% say they will make a purchase because of these technologies. This also applies to online technologies like chatbots. Seventy-nine percent of retail execs believe that chatbots are meeting shopper’s needs by providing on-demand customer service, while 66% of consumers disagree, with many respondents noting that chatbots are, in fact, more damaging to the shopping experience than helpful."

 Até parece que a batota da interacção entre humanos passa por robôs?!?!?!?!

E recordo a economia das experiências, "The experience economy is booming, but it must benefit everyone":

"The only companies that will exist in 10 years’ time are those that create and nurture human experiences. This learning and growth will come from maximizing opportunities, including the reinvention of retail spaces, new models of engagement, and an understanding of experiences as perhaps the most important form of marketing."

BINGO!! (parte II)

Parte I.

Ainda de "Value Never Actually Disappears, It Just Shifts From One Place To Another" sublinho outro tema clássico aqui no blogue:

"You Can’t Compete With A Robot By Acting Like OneThe future is always hard to predict. While it was easy to see that Amazon posed a real problem for large chain bookstores like Barnes & Noble and Borders, it was much less obvious that small independent bookstores would thrive. In much the same way, few saw that ten years after the launch of the Kindle that paper books would surge amid a decline in e-books.
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The one overriding trend over the past 50 years or so is that the future is always more human. In Dan Schawbel’s new book, Back to Human, the author finds that the antidote for our overly automated age is deeper personal relationships. Things like trust, empathy and caring can’t be automated or outsourced.
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There are some things a machine will never do. It will never strike out in a little league game, have its heart broken or see its child born. That makes it hard — impossible really — for a machine ever to work effectively with humans as a real person would. The work of humans is increasingly to work with other humans to design work for machines.
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That why perhaps the biggest shift in value is from cognitive to social skills. [Moi ici: Engraçado que cada vez mais dou comigo a pensar que um número crescente de artigos em revistas ditas de gestão ocupam o seu espaço com temas que a minha mãe, ou a catequese, ou o pertencer a uma associação, ou o pertencer a um grupo de colegas de rua me ensinaram e que parece que agora estão em falta] The high paying jobs today have less to do with the ability to retain facts or manipulate numbers (we now use a computer for those things), but require more deep collaboration, teamwork and emotional intelligence."

O quanto os gigantes gostariam que o factor humano fosse removido da equação... mas a imperfeição é cool, e a desautomatização está a crescer.

"hav[ing] the conversation with the client"

Ao ler:

""One of the most common mistakes [small business owners make] is to avoid hav[ing] the conversation with the client regarding [the client's] expectations," the Speros pointed out. "These expectations can often be unrealistic, unmeasured, and don't match what they actually are trying to communicate."
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As a business owner, it is your responsibility to initiate that difficult conversation. Customers should have a realistic picture of what they are buying, including the cost of their purchase, what it includes, what they can expect as a result, and any return or refund policy you may have in place."

Como não recordar logo de imediato "aposta noutro mindset" onde a isto:

Contrapus:

"Every visit customers have to make are an opportunity for interaction and co-creation"

Trecho inicial retirado de "Customer Retention Strategies for Small Businesses"

Acerca do eficientismo

Este blogue fala do eficientismo e da paranóia da eficiência há muitos anos (por exemplo, em 2012 e 2011).

"The Problem Management has come to be seen as a science whose purpose is to make commercial enterprises more efficient. But the single-minded pursuit of efficiency makes businesses less resilient. [Moi ici: Por um lado, recordar os nabateus e a sua lição, por outro recordar a fragilização decorrente de uma estratégia pura e, em paralelo, recordar que o negócio do preço não é para quem quer, mas para quem pode]

...
The Solution Business, government, and management education need to increase their emphasis on organizational resilience. This will involve limiting the size of businesses, introducing more friction into global trade and the capital markets, giving long-term investors a larger say in strategic decision making, creating jobs that are richer in learning opportunities, and offering educational programs that balance efficiency and resilience. [Moi ici: Não vai ser preciso fazer nada disto com intervencionismo ingénuo basta deixar que Mongo faça o seu trabalho com a variedade, a proximidade, a interacção e a co-criação]
...
Smith, Ricardo, Taylor, and Deming together turned management into a science whose objective function was the elimination of waste—whether of time, materials, or capital. The belief in the unalloyed virtue of efficiency has never dimmed. [Moi ici: Fui um crente a 100% na bondade da redução da variabilidade como estratégia para o sucesso, até que percebi que isso era uma visão redutora e só para quem pode, (Redsigma - O fim da linha) e quem pode é cada vez menos porque o mundo caminha para Mongo, o mundo da variedade]

A partir daqui divirjo da receita que Roger Martin prescreve. Em vez de intervencionismo, deixar Mongo fazer o seu caminho e não deixar que os estados apoiem os seus amigos-incumbentes.

Oh! BTW, lembrem-se da malta da Junqueira e da sua mania das grandezas.

Trechos retirados de "Rethinking Efficiency"

"transparency created value"

A propósito de "Cooks Make Tastier Food When They Can See Their Customers":

"The results showed that when the cooks could see their patrons, the food quality got higher ratings.
...
The results were pretty compelling: Customer satisfaction with the food shot up 10% when the cooks could see the customers, even though the customers couldn’t see the cooks. In the opposite situation, there was no improvement in satisfaction from the baseline condition in which neither group could see the other. But even more striking, when customers and cooks both could see one another, satisfaction went up 17.3%, and service was 13.2% faster. Transparency between customers and providers seems to really improve service. [Moi ici: De pessoas para pessoas. O poder da interacção. A força de Mongo]
...
We consistently found that transparency created value.
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Being appreciated makes work meaningful. People feel what they do matters. Human connections seem to trigger that.
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What’s exciting is that these are often subtle alterations. It’s not expensive or difficult to create transparency between consumers and producers. Just by opening up the work environment, you could improve value and quality. Transparency becomes a low-cost strategic advantage."

Ao ler isto recordei-me do que escrevi sobre a Eureka em 2015 e 2018.

Agora a ordem tem de ser outra

As empresas que praticam na internet o tipo de publicidade que resultava no tempo dos mass-media nunca vão descobrir isto:

"The other kind of marketing, the effective kind, is about understanding our customers’ worldview and desires so we can connect with them. It’s focused on being missed when you’re gone, on bringing more than people expect to those who trust us. It seeks volunteers, not victims."

No tempo da internet, no tempo de Mongo, não adianta vomitar algo e depois tentar vender. Agora a ordem tem de ser outra:

"It doesn’t make any sense to make a key and then run around looking for a lock to open.
The only productive solution is to find a lock and then fashion a key.
It’s easier to make products and services for the customers you seek to serve than it is to find customers for your products and services.”

Excerto de: Seth Godin. “This Is Marketing”. Apple Books.

“Globalization is becoming regionalization, and regionalization is becoming intra-national,”

A propósito de "More Factories Crop Up Closer to Customers":

"The largest share of manufacturers in at least a decade is spending to expand facilities, as companies look to build plants closer to their customers to offset record-high trucking costs and seek out pockets of available workers in a tight labor market.
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Twelve percent of U.S. manufacturers that invested in added capacity at domestic factories in the second quarter did so through building expansions, according to the Census Bureau, the highest proportion in the decade that metric has been released. Manufacturing construction spending hit a 16-month high in September, according to the Census Bureau. Executives are making some of those investments in new factories to alleviate rising transport bills and supply-chain bottlenecks.
...
as the company seeks to make its products as close to customers as possible to speed up delivery times and cut logistics costs.
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Companies building plants nearer to customers say the investment costs can be made up in faster turnaround times and increased orders.
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Some companies also are trying to source more parts locally to mitigate the impact of U.S. tariffs on some foreign goods, said executives at Flex Ltd., which makes and ships products—including shoes and personal electronics— for other companies.
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“Globalization is becoming regionalization, and regionalization is becoming intra-national,” said Tom Linton, Flex’s supply-chain officer.""

A mim ninguém me tira a ideia de que Mongo tem um dedo importante nesta evolução: proximidade, rapidez, flexibilidade, interacção, co-criação

Algo para fermentar

Volta e meia repito uma frase que aprendi em São João da Madeira:

"O boi cresce mais com o olhar do dono do que com a erva do pasto"

Ainda ontem de manhã, em Felgueiras, a usei para resumir o que me estavam a contar. Fui com um controlador da qualidade de calçado visitar várias pequenas empresas que trabalham como costuras subcontratadas. Contou-me como em algumas costuras, a patroa olha para um modelo e visualiza logo a sequência de trabalho, alterando o posicionamento das máquinas para minimizar operações e tempos sem acrescento de valor.

No dia anterior tinha lido mais uma porção de "Reinventing Organizations: An Illustrated Invitation to Join the Conversation on Next-Stage Organizations" de Frederic Laloux:

"Self-management has proven itself in many industries. There are, for instance, a number of very successful factories that operate in this way. One of them is FAVI, a five hundred-person brass foundry in the north of France that produces gearbox forks for the automotive industry, among others."

Estas pequenas unidades não têm nada a ver com o conceito de "self-management", mas é interessante como conseguem que muitas decisões cheguem mais próximo da trabalhadora da linha do que na produção de uma empresa de maior dimensão.

Entretanto, encontrei esta reflexão, "We need to shift our focus from competencies to agency":

"In mass-production, work corresponds mainly with what has been planned and budgeted. But today, knowledge work is understood as creative work we do in interaction. Unlike the repetitive business processes we know so well, where inputs are acted on in some predictable, structured way and converted into outputs, the inputs and outputs of knowledge work are problem definitions and exploration for solutions. Even more, there are no predetermined task sequences that, if executed, would guarantee success.
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Due to the variety of contexts people link to and work in, work requires interpretation, exploration and negotiation, work requires a new kind agency. What defines most problems today is that they are not isolated and independent. To solve them, a person has to think not only about what she believes the right answer is, but also about what other people think the right answers might be. Work, then, is exploration both what comes to defining the problems and finding the solutions.
...
The industrial make-and-sell model required categorical skills, as we still know them. The decisive thing was your individual knowledge and individual education. Today, in new creative spaces you work more from your presence and network than your explicit skills. Agency is more important than education.
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The most important reason why we need a new concept of agency insted of competences is because the workers and their contributions in the post-industrial world are contextual and, at best, too diverse to rank. They are, and should be, too qualitatively different to compare quantitatively.
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Instead of talking about generic competences we need to focus on continuously developing agency."

Decididamente algo para fermentar.

A abominação da eficiência - o anti-Mongo (parte II)

Parte II.

Qual a reacção ao eficientismo? O toque humano, a co-criação, a proximidade, a interacção, ...

Voltemos ao livro "Reinventing Organizations: An Illustrated Invitation to Join the Conversation on Next-Stage Organizations" e à continuação do tema da mega-enfermagem:

"Jos had been working as a nurse for ten years and experienced firsthand the changes forced onto his profession. Disgusted, he quit his job and created Buurtzorg. It would operate entirely differently. Quickly, he found that a self-organizing team of ten to twelve nurses with no manager and no team leader was perfect to provide great care—and a great work place.
...
With a whole different perspective on health care Care, at its best, is a small miracle that happens, or not, in the relationship of a patient and a nurse. That miracle never shows up when a mechanical perspective is applied to care. The best care will happen, de Blok is convinced, when nurses are seen as professionals, when they are trusted. Give them freedom, and they will offer truly great care.

Patients and nurses love Buurtzorg so much that nurses have been deserting traditional nursing companies in droves. Every month, Buurtzorg receives hundreds of applications from nurses wanting to jump ship. Buurtzorg now employs more than nine thousand nurses, or two-thirds of all neighborhood nurses in the Netherlands! The nine thousand nurses all work in small teams of ten to twelve nurses, without a leader in the team and with no manager above them. No one times the nurses’ interventions with patients. The whole nine thousand-strong company is managed with a headquarters of just twenty-eight people."

E a cereja no topo do bolo:

Mandando a eficiência às malvas, têm-se melhores resultados com os clientes, com os trabalhadores e com menos custos para o pagador.

Por momentos lembrei-me de reunião com um grupo de empresários, em que quiseram que eu demonstrasse que um euro a mais no preço unitário era melhor que um euro a menos nos custos unitários: a receita para a loucura do eficientismo é o Evangelho do Valor.

Mongo e o emprego

O que digo aqui sobre Mongo e o emprego?

• O fim do emprego modelado pelo século XX e elevado à categoria de modelo único e eterno.
• A ascensão dos artesãos
• A perda de valor no mercado dos cursos superiores porque já não haverá CV para apresentar, só um portfólio de projectos em que se participou

Tudo a ver com "Teenagers, Forget Engineering. Your Future Is Craft":

"A report by Altagamma, the Italian luxury goods association, estimated that some 50,000 people working in the luxury goods industry in Italy are close to retirement and that it will be a struggle to find qualified personnel to fill those jobs.
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The problem is, recent generations of Italian youth have increasingly shied away from traditional handwork, opting instead for seemingly more contemporary sectors like engineering, and cooking."

Recordar as preocupações com a automação... Mongo é sobre um mercado cada vez mais heterogéneo. Por isso, faz cada vez mais sentido fugir da produção em massa, e apostar na proximidade para fazer batota com a interacção e a co-criação. Assim, os robôs deixam de ser problema, porque tem de existir o criativo que interage com o cliente.

Em Mongo o futuro passará pela arte, pela criatividade, e longe do vómito.

Proximidade, interacção e co-criação

"As demands for higher value and creativity are the norm today and the complexity of offerings has grown, we have begun to see that the division of labor has reached its point of diminishing returns. What managers have learnt is that the division of labor always implies a scheme of interaction by which the different divided activities are made to work together. The lines between the boxes are starting to matter more than the boxes! Complex value creation is impossible without interaction. This is because any higher-value activity involves complementary, often parallel, contributions from more than one person or one team. In fact, the more complex the offering is and the more specialized the resources needed, the greater the demand for the amount, quality and efficiency of communication, because of the inherent interdependence of the activities."

 "Complex value creation is impossible without interaction" - recordar a importância da proximidade para a interacção por trás da co-criação:

• "para lidar com tribos aguerridas é preciso proximidade e interacção, co-criação" (2018)
• "A interacção e a necessidade da proximidade para a co-criação requererão empresas mais pequenas e ... "every laptop will be a corporation"" (2017)
• "Não esquecer o aumento da importância da proximidade produção-consumo, por causa da interacção e da co-criação que acabam por exigir rapidez, flexibilidade e customização." (2016)
• "Apostar na rapidez, na flexibilidade, na proximidade, na autenticidade, nas pequenas séries, na customização, na co-criação, na interacção" (2014)

Trecho inicial de "Interactive value creation"

Acerca de valor para o cliente (parte VII)

Parte I, parte II, parte III, parte IV, parte V e parte VI.

"Focus on relationships.
When facing notions like interaction and integration, it becomes obvious that relationships play an important role within value creation, ... Both interaction and integration can be considered a means to the end, which is relational value. This is due to the important role of interactions in facilitating relationships.  ...  Relationships are a source of value, but they also provide companies with a good understanding of the customer and his/her needs. A multitude of studies have connected relationships with the customers’ willingness to provide information ... Hence, more accurate information can be gained concerning what customers value considering their life and experiences. Therefore, we propose that the relevance of relationships can also be considered as an important part in fitting the companies actions and offers to the customer’s life, stressed by the C-D logic."

Por isso, recusei:

 "Quem não aposta no "cheaper" e no "cost", aposta na interacção, aposta na co-criação, aposta noutro mindset... eu diria, "Every visit customers have to make are an opportunity for interaction and co-creation"
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Nunca esquecer, Golias pode apostar e ganhar com a automação porque está no seu ADN; contudo, David não tem qualquer vantagem em seguir esse caminho, tem muito mais a perder do que os euros que poupa."

Como diz um empresário com que estou a trabalhar: Vai-te ganho que me trazes perda!!!

Trechos retirados de "Reframing customer value from a dominant logics perspective" de Tobias Schlager e Peter Maas e publicado por International Journal of Marketing (2012) 51:101–113

Acerca de valor para o cliente (parte VI)

Parte I, parte II, parte III, parte IV e parte V.

"Integration.
Closely connected to, but still distinct from, interactions as source of CV is the integration of resources. This includes the integration of the customers’ resources which refers to providing customers with the opportunity to participate within the companies processes. Integrating the resources of customers and companies is treated as prerequisite for interactions.
...
“An inherent aspect of inter- action is connectivity”, i.e., the parties involved are in some contact with each other. With the term ‘connectivity’, the authors emphasize the integration of the companies’ and the customers’ resources. The importance of the integration of the companies’ and customers’ resources in the value creation process is strongly emphasized by the S-D logic.
...
customer processes which are not controlled by a company are considered as a highly relevant part within value creation. Hence, the challenge that needs to be addressed is discovering the underlying issues which cannot be easily recognized by a company. When the customer’s life is brought into the focus of value creation, an in-depth knowledge of the customer becomes necessary.
...
One way to gain this depth of understanding of the customer is integrating customers into the company’s processes. The aim of integration may therefore not only be the creation of interactions, but also the achievement of profound customer insights that go beyond insights gained by traditional marketing research methods. Hence, integration can also be considered a way for getting deep customer insights regarding what the C-D logic describes as ‘value-in-life’.
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We conclude by stating that the benefits of customer integration are twofold. On the one hand, interactions are generated, which in turn, are considered a source of CV. On the other hand, it has the ability to generate in-depth knowledge of the customer, which may provide insights regarding value-in-life considerations and, as a result, for aligning future company actions."

Trechos retirados de "Reframing customer value from a dominant logics perspective" de Tobias Schlager e Peter Maas e publicado por International Journal of Marketing (2012) 51:101–113

Acerca de valor para o cliente (parte V)

Parte I, parte II, parte III e parte IV.

"Interaction [Moi ici: Uma palavra muito usada neste blogue, essencial para a co-criação].The recent literature concerning the S-D logic and value-in- use places a special emphasis on company-customer interactions as source of CV. Although interactions have already been acknowledged as source of value by other frameworks, the notion is further enhanced. Emphasizing interactions as a crucial concept from a S-D logic perspective, Grönroos and Ravald define interactions as “[...] a mutual or reciprocal action where two or more parties have an effect upon each other”. On this basis, it is argued that through interactive processes, companies can get actively involved in creating experiential value. Other contributions confirm this by seeing interactions as having the ability to promote experiential and phenomenological value..Similarly, scholars assess that interactions provide the basis for forming the customers’ preferences. The importance of the company-customer interaction is underlined by the ability to facilitate value and to influence CV perceptions. As a result, it is broadly accepted that the customers’ creation of value is catalyzed through interactions. Although the difference between services and goods environments is still discussed, it appears that interactions being especially important in a service-context is an accepted concept. From the companies’ perspective, this is due to the multitude of opportunities for co-creating value with the customer when acting within the customer’s sphere..One other issue that comes into play is the superior ability to sense the customers’ needs within interactions. Although interactions per se are especially considered by the S-D logic, they may also provide a source of in-depth knowledge about the customer and his/her life, which is rather emphasized by the C-D logic."

Um exemplo recente, fabricante de máquinas nacional visita potencial cliente e observa o tempo que demora a desmontar parte de máquina para limpeza, antes de poder avançar para a cor seguinte. Logo ali, propõe solução que transforma o tempo de limpeza de cerca de 20% do tempo disponível para operar em menos de 5%. A máquina que vai fabricar fará o mesmo serviço que a outra, mas demorará menos tempo a ser preparada para a produção seguinte, aumentando a produtividade do cliente.

Tudo porque foi visitar o cliente e a interacção permitiu "in-depth knowledge about the customer and his/her life".

Trechos retirados de "Reframing customer value from a dominant logics perspective" de Tobias Schlager e Peter Maas e publicado por International Journal of Marketing (2012) 51:101–113

"customers’ active role in value creation"

"A business logic is a strategic mindset, or a mental model, of a company and its business activities, and thus, it guides conscious and unconscious decisions made in companies. Contemporary academic discussions on business logics that focus on the identification and creation of customer value and the actual business logics that companies apply in practice seem to differ significantly. Traditional thinking about value creation in business sees every company as occupying a position in the value chain, adding value to inputs and then passing the output to the next actor in the chain. In a value chain, value creation takes place inside a company through its own activities, and companies act autonomously with little or no interference from customers. Consequently, the value-added is equalised with the cost incurred by the supplier company. This traditional business logic based on goods-dominant logic (GDL) suggests that value is embedded in the units of output (value-in-exchange), and the outputs present the fundamental units of exchange. Interaction takes place mostly at the end of the value chain, and the value chain stops when the end-customer has bought a product or service. GDL highlights the supplier company’s process as primary, and the role of a customer is to fulfil scripts defined by the supplier.
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During the past decade, the academic discussion has strongly shifted away from GDL and the traditional thinking about the sequential value creation process to new business logics that emphasise customers’ active role in value creation. The service-dominant logic (SDL), service logic and customer-dominant logic (CDL) have dramatically changed the understanding of business thinking and value creation. However, most businesses continue to operate in terms of GDL, and the reason for this may not always be ignorance of the new thinking, but lack of managerial approaches and tools."

Na passada semana achei deliciosa a conversa numa empresa. Um seu potencial cliente compra máquinas na Europa Central. A empresa olhou para a forma como o cliente usa a máquina e conquistou-o, não pelo o que a máquina faz, mas por olhar para as preocupações e desafios colaterais que o cliente tem ao usar a máquina.

Trecho retirado de "Service Logic Business Model Canvas" de Jukka Ojasalo e Katri Ojasalo, publicado por Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship.

Cuidado ao tirar os humanos da equação

Há dias apanhei esta frase:

"relationships are not zero sum games"

Bem na linha do que aqui escrevemos há muitos anos acerca do poder da interacção e da co-criação. Por isso, há muito que defendo que o futuro de valor acrescentado passa mais pela interacção do que pela automatização.

Agora, em "The Parts of Customer Service That Should Never Be Automated" encontro:

"the economics of service automation aren’t universally rosy. When a nationwide retail bank introduced online banking, customers who adopted it increased their total transaction volume and began visiting and calling the bank more, increasing costs and decreasing overall profitability. Similar dynamics can be observed in health care. Patients who adopted e-visits, for example, actually began showing up at the doctor’s office twice as often. One explanation for this pattern is that current technology is functionally limited, requiring people to seek out in-person help in addition to using automated services. But as innovation progresses, functional limitations are bound to fall by the wayside.
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Another explanation is that humans are inherently social creatures who get emotional value from seeing and interacting with one another. Research shows that taking away the opportunity for this kind of connection can undermine service performance. In one study, my colleagues and I found that when banking customers used the ATM more and the teller less, their overall level of satisfaction with the bank went down."

Recordo esta opinião:

E o comentário que fiz na altura:

"Quem não aposta no "cheaper" e no "cost", aposta na interacção, aposta na co-criação, aposta noutro mindset... eu diria, "Every visit customers have to make are an opportunity for interaction and co-creation""

E voltando ao texto do artigo:

"the deck is stacked against automation in several important ways:
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1. Service can be emotional; technology cannot.
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Automating sympathy is certainly cheaper than having a human employee comfort the bereaved, but the tradeoff can come across as disingenuous and is unlikely to be sustainable.
...
2. We still prefer having people help solve our problems. In many ways, the capacity and computational power of technology far outstrips our own. ... Nevertheless, when we’re looking for creative solutions to service problems, we still seek out other humans. If we get stuck, if there’s ambiguity in the information, or if we need help making a purchase decision, we still opt for a person.
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3. Less work for employees often means more work for customers."

"it's created by connection"

"The false scarcity is this: we believe that shutting out others, keeping them out of our orbit, our country, our competitive space—that this somehow makes things more easier for us.
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And this used to be true. When there are 10 jobs for dockworkers, having 30 dockworkers in the hall doesn't make it better for anyone but the bosses.
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But today, value isn't created by filling a slot, it's created by connection. By the combinations created by people. By the magic that comes from diversity of opinion, background and motivation. Connection leads to ideas, to solutions, to breakthroughs.[Moi ici: O papel da interacção, da co-criação, da proximidade]
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The false scarcity stated as, "I don't have enough, you can't have any," is more truthfully, "together, we can create something better."
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We know it's the right thing to do. It's also the smart thing."

Trecho retirado de "Justice and dignity, the endless shortage"

Pode ser a vantagem das PME (parte III)

Parte I e parte II.

Não é novidade aqui no blogue mas assim, directo ao tema, nunca é demais:

"1. Product InnovationIn markets with an abundance of brands and less and less differentiating products, product development and sourcing capabilities move back into the strategic focus of fashion retailers. It’s the key enabler for differentiation in the competitive environment. Access to deep technical expertise and unique handwriting of product groups that are critical for brand building as well as curated supplier portfolios with the true ability to drive innovation, evolve to an indispensable asset to drive top line as well as markdown and margin performance.
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2. Time to MarketIt is obvious that the speed of trends and innovation has tremendously increased over the recent years and consumers are adopting market impulses from option leaders, celebrities, and bloggers at high pace. This requires being closer to consumer needs with critical seasonal milestones on concept, design, and development for adoption of trend impulses as well as buying decisions to ensure market right products and quantities. Sourcing plays a critical role in enabling differentiated seasonal calendars based on individual product needs and a balanced mix of near shore and far east sourcing destinations.
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3. Demand & Supply ResponsivenessA significant part of end-of-seasons stock and related markdowns stems from buying and production volumes being insufficiently aligned with actual consumer demand on the shop floor and online during full price selling period. Leading retailers and brands currently make significant investments to drive end-to-end planning integration along the value chain across retail, product merchandising, material management, and sourcing/production. Main objective is to act vertical while typically not owning the different stages of the value chain down to production.
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4. Reliability and Execution ExcellenceWith shorter in-store product lifecycles, delivery reliability is more critical than ever before. A delivery delay of 1 or 2 weeks will strongly diminish sell-through performance if the overall planned lifecycle is only 8 weeks without any option to extend as following collection drops are already waiting to take the space on the shop floor. In this context, a reliable collaboration on both brand and supplier side will significantly increase importance and clearly dominate compared to short term FOB cost advantages."

Reclamação? Cuidado com as desculpas

"It’s the first rule of customer service: When something goes wrong, apologize. In many cases, the apologies continue throughout the interaction as an employee goes the extra mile to convey empathy and concern. But surprising new research shows that approach can backfire: An apology that extends beyond the first seconds of an interaction can reduce customer satisfaction. Employees should instead focus on demonstrating how creatively and energetically they are trying to solve the customer’s problem—that, not warmth or empathy, is what drives satisfaction.
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Employees who expressed a great deal of empathy or tried to appear bright and cheerful did a poor job of satisfying customers, especially if this relational work extended beyond the first moments of the conversation. And customers cared less about the actual outcome (for example, whether a missing bag was quickly located) than about the process by which the employee tried to offer assistance. “It’s not about the solution—it’s about how you get there,” Singh says.
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We’re all trained to apologize when something goes wrong—and the desire to do so is almost instinctive. Lately, though, I’ve avoided words like “apologize” and “sorry.” Instead, I’ll say something like, “I acknowledge the problem, but you probably want us to move immediately into finding options to solve it, so let’s start talking about the options.” This goes against our instincts, but it’s very effective. Clients care less about the apology and more about how quickly and effectively you present options and solutions.
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the researchers point to leadership studies that have found a trade-off between perceptions of warmth and perceptions of competence. They hypothesize that the same phenomenon exists in service recovery: If employees project a lot of warmth, customers perceive them to be less competent.
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After those opening seconds, the researchers say, employees should focus on energetically and creatively exploring a range of potential solutions to the problem. This brainstorming phase, more than anything else, is what customers will use to assess the encounter—and the more ingenuity an employee shows, the better.
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So instead of obsessing over the perfect language to use, employees should learn to dive in. “Just get into the task and generate interesting options for the customer—that makes all the difference,” Singh says."

Trechos retirados de "“Sorry” Is Not Enough"

"the more active participation of multiple network actors"

"In this networked context, service organizations need to move from dyadic management of their relationship with customers, to defining their role and contribution to value cocreation in a many-to-many context. The boundaries between service providers and customers become more blurred and dynamic. Multiple forms of service provision become possible, where the customer may play a more autonomous and active role in service provision, combining multiple offerings from multiple service providers and social networks. In this new environment, service providers need to go beyond managing their relationship with customers, to understanding and managing their role in the value networks and service ecosystems.
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future research should not only explore how multiple contributions should be integrated, but research on other service design and innovation topics should increasingly use multiple lenses instead of only adopting a single lens.
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Another intersecting trend is the change in the breadth and nature of actor involvement in service design and innovation. Service design and innovation are moving from the traditional customer-centered view to a broader human-centered view. This changes the focus from the customer and the customer- provider dyad to a wider set of actors and many-to-many interactions in complex value networks. This will become increasingly important and complex, as new technology generates more nodes in the network. The nature of actor involvement is also changing. Instead of passive customer involvement to extract information that can be later used by the design team, the change has been toward the more active participation of multiple network actors who become active participants in design decisions and cocreators of the solution."

Ler isto e relacionar logo com Ramirez & Manervik  e com esta outra leitura de ontem, "The Next 10 Years Will Be About “Market-Networks"":

"An event planner builds a profile on HoneyBook.com. That profile serves as her professional home on the Web. She uses the HoneyBook SaaS workflow to send self-branded proposals to clients and sign contracts digitally.
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She then connects the other professionals she works with like florists and photographers to that project. They also get profiles on HoneyBook and everyone can team up to service a client, send each other proposals, sign contracts and get paid by everyone else.

This many-to-many transaction pattern is key. HoneyBook is an N-sided marketplace — transactions happen a 360-degree pattern like a network, but they come here with transacting in mind. That makes HoneyBook both a marketplace and network."

Trechos iniciais retirados de "Upframing Service Design and Innovation for Research Impact" de Lia Patrício, Anders Gustafsson e Raymond Fisk, publicado por Journal of Service Research 2018, Vol. 21(1) 3-16