Li "Why Your Starbucks Wait Is So Long" e fiquei impressionado com a semelhança com o que se passa em muitas PMEs.
Skinner sorriria e explicaria facilmente o que está a acontecer. Solução? PWP e também aqui e aqui.
Li "Why Your Starbucks Wait Is So Long" e fiquei impressionado com a semelhança com o que se passa em muitas PMEs.
Skinner sorriria e explicaria facilmente o que está a acontecer. Solução? PWP e também aqui e aqui.
"depois da aposta na compra do grupo Francês Cauval ter sido gorada, depois das auditorias efetuadas terem revelado “problemas sérios”. “Seria uma aquisição muito importante, para podermos entrar no segmento de mercado de luxo, mas já estamos a trabalhar num plano B”,"Espero sinceramente que tenham sucesso nesta aposta no luxo. No entanto, tenho algum receio... recordo Skinner e plant-within-the-plant... e Terry Hill.
"conseguir penetrar no mundo Ikea. O seu principal cliente foi “namorado durante muito mais tempo” do que a própria esposa. Foram precisamente cinco anos para obter a primeira encomenda de 750 sofás, isto depois de “na primeira abordagem não me terem ligado nenhuma”. Mas o interesse superior em conquistar este cliente estava no topo das suas prioridades, pois “paga muito bem, tem volume e uma visão que se encaixa muito na nossa, ajudando-nos muito em melhorar a máquina da eficiência”.O modelo de negócio para servir a Ikea e a Conforama não tem nada a ver com o modelo de negócio para servir o mundo do luxo... recordar os vários mundos.
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Atualmente, a Ikea e Conforama absorvem 60‰ das vendas de um grupo que sempre viu os mercados externos com grande potencial para poder crescer."
"Whilst it has been argued by others that manufacturing strategy is the ‘missing link’ in corporate strategy, the gap between the two has widened, rather than narrowed since it was identified. This gap in the literature is true both in mainstream strategy (where manufacturing strategy remains an undeveloped theme and is lost in its critical importance to resource-led and competence based literature) as well as within manufacturing strategy where the root cause of exclusion of manufacturing personnel in the main stream strategy process has not been developed.Trechos retirados de "Aligning Manufacturing Strategy and Business- Level Competitive Strategy in New Competitive Environments: The Case for Strategic Resonance" de Steve Brown e Kate Blackmon, publicado por Journal of Management Studies · June 2005
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The reasons for this gap, we suggest, have not been explored sufficiently to date. We suggest the key issue is that, although the change from craft production has often been explained in terms of changes within manufacturing processes, this transition has not been developed in terms of the fundamental impact upon the strategic decision process within firms. Strategic resonance is difficult to achieve in the internal strategy process of the firm whose processes often remain rooted in hierarchical settings fraught with conflicting demands between top levels (strategic) and lower levels (operations) of management. The growth of large, multi-divisional enterprises, particularly within the United States during the emergence of mass production, brought with it the creation of increased levels of hierarchy within the firm. The exclusion of operations personnel from the strategic direction of the firm had enormous impact because now, in contrast to craft enterprises, there could be conflict and tension between conflicting goals within the firm resulting in strategic dissonance.
However, whilst achieving strategic resonance is a profoundly difficult task, it will be a necessary requirement in the continuing highly competitive arena."
"In 1969, manufacturing strategy pioneer Wickham Skinner wrote about the missing link between an organization's strategy and its operations. In this provocative Forum essay, Richard Schon- berger and Karen Brown argue that this gap is still very much a reality in that both academics and practitioners tend to subscribe to an overly narrow view of operations. [Moi ici: Aquilo a que este anónimo da província chama de mentalidade da tríade, demasiada concentração na eficiência] In a nutshell, there is still too much focus on efficiency.Antes de me sentar a citar este texto dei uma caminhada de 5km por ruas secundárias de Mafamude que não visitava desde 1973. A certa altura olho para uma série de "lojas": uma de imobiliário, uma híbrida entre a mercearia e a chinesa, uma como ginásio de educação, outra de ... e veio-me à mente o pensamento de que reconheceremos Mongo quando começarem a aparecer nos espaços de loja: unidades de fabricação com 2 ou 3 trabalhadores e tecnologia.
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an excessive focus on costs effectively transforms cost into the default competitive priority. A case in point: why do we speak and write about “low-cost environments”? Why is one particular performance dimension privileged like this in our conversations about the geography of manufacturing? Has anyone ever written about “high-responsiveness environments”? Why not?
The task of the operations function is often taken as a given and unchanging. But, in uncertain environments, both task and its boundary conditions change over time e static and dynamic efficiency are very different things. Like Skinner wrote on multiple occasions throughout his career, we must not conceive of operations as a perfunctory task e an immediate candidate for outsourcing and offshoring. Rather, it often belongs to the organizational and strategic core of the firm, and as such must remain strategically relevant over time. If the objective is to remain in sync with changing markets, outsourcing and offshoring may well be the worst decision imaginable."
"The Great Recession is widely understood to have been triggered by a financial crisis, but that analysis diverts attention from an even more malignant current that threatens to erode the U.S. economy at its very foundation: our productivity in the years since the recession has grown at only half its historical average, and in the last two years, against the backdrop of an alleged recovery, it has been essentially stagnant. This should be the central economic issue of our time because productivity is the most important driver of overall economic welfare, the sine qua non for increasing people’s incomes and improving their standards of living.E sorri, porque no dia anterior tinha relido com prazer "The Focused Factory", publicado a 1 de Maio de 1974 (era o tempo da ascensão imparável do Japão) na HBR da autoria de Wickham Skinner, onde encontrei:
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If the U.S. is going to flourish again, it must put technology-driven productivity first, which requires restoring robust public and private investment in the drivers of growth: research, infrastructure, and investment in new machines, software, and skills.
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We should instead adopt a new, more proactive economic strategy that is grounded not in fiscal or monetary policy, but in the recognition that productivity drives growth and that achieving sustained high rates of productivity growth requires spurring persistent investment in R&D, infrastructure, skills, and capital equipment, especially in the next wave of information and communications technologies."
"In the popular press and at the policy level in government, the issue has been seen as a “productivity crisis.” The National Commission on Productivity was established in 1971. The concern with productivity has appealed to many managers who have firsthand experience with our problems of high costs and low efficiency. So pessimism now pervades the outlook of many managers and analysts of the U.S. manufacturing scene. The recurring theme of this gloomy view is that (a) U.S. labor is the most expensive in the world, (b) its productivity has been growing at a slower rate than that of most of its competitors, and therefore (c) our industries sicken one by one as imports mushroom and unemployment becomes chronic in our industrial population centers.
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In this article, I shall offer a more optimistic view of the productivity dilemma, suggesting that we need not feel powerless in competing against cheaper foreign labor. Rather, we have the opportunity to effect basic changes in the management of manufacturing, which could shift the competitive balance in our favor in many industries. What are these basic changes? I can identify four:
1. Seeing the problem not as “How can we increase productivity?” but as “How can we compete?”2. Seeing the problem as encompassing the efficiency of the entire manufacturing organization, not only the efficiency of the direct labor and the work force. (In most plants, direct labor and the work force represent only a small percentage of total costs.) [Moi ici: Os elementos da tríade precisam de ler isto]
3. Learning to focus each plant on a limited, concise, manageable set of products, technologies, volumes, and markets.
4. Learning to structure basic manufacturing policies and supporting services so that they focus on one explicit manufacturing task instead of on many inconsistent, conflicting, implicit tasks."
"No papel de empresário e dirigente associativo do sector têxtil em Portugal e na Europa, aprendeu que "é fundamental manter a mente aberta" e usou essa receita para tentar dar a volta à empresa e transformar a Riopele "num fabricante criativo de tecidos" para clientes de referência.
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[Moi ici: Interessante este ponto, tão caro a Skinner. Diferentes unidades de negócio para servir diferentes clientes-alvo com diferentes modelos de negócio]
Na prática, o que temos na Índia é a Riopele de 1985. Aqui, em Pousada de Saramagos, não tinha margens para fazer esses produtos e tivemos de subir na cadeia de valor, mas a procura no segmento mais básico continuava a existir e corríamos o risco de ser substituídos por outros fornecedores. Por isso fomos para lá", explica. [Moi ici: Segue-se outro modelo de negócio para outro tipo de oferta e de clientes] Outro projeto em crescimento é a Riopele Fashion Solutions, um centro de modelagem com microconfeção, onde a empresa tem a colaboração do designer Nuno Baltazar para desenvolver peças de vestuário com os tecidos da casa para os seus clientes. A ideia, aqui, é responder aos pedidos crescentes dos clientes através de uma coleção em private label, que é depois confecionada em empresas do Vale do Ave, em função das encomendas. Feitas as contas, o empresário diz que este "segmento de private label já contribui com seis milhões de euros para as vendas do grupo" e tende a continuar a crescer."
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Os empresários têxteis portugueses souberam reestruturar as suas empresas e fortalecer a forma como faziam bem os têxteis. Por isso, quando o mundo da moda começou a pedir prazos de entrega cada vez mais curtos. [Moi ici: Tenho uma opinião ligeiramente diferente. Acredito que o que aconteceu, e acontece, é uma espécie de co-evolução em que sucessivamente, cada uma das partes - empresários e mundo da moda - descobre, usa e tira vantagem de uma nova característica que serve de alicerce para um novo ciclo de descoberta, uso e vantagem e assim sucessivamente] Portugal tinha uma indústria pronta a responder a isso. E quem voltou encontrou uma têxtil diferente do passado, porque, entretanto, melhorámos as nossas empresas.
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Qual é o caminho do sucesso para os têxteis portugueses seguirem?
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Temos de aproveitar esta fase positiva para nos prepararmos para os momentos difíceis de um outro ciclo no futuro. [Moi ici: Os fragilistas não pensam assim para eles não haverão momentos difíceis no futuro] E isso exige que os empresários não fiquem apenas dentro das suas empresas, mas consigam dar passos em conjunto, uns com os outros. Têm de saber trabalhar em parceria."
"Hidden Champions reveals the strategies and practices of hundreds of low-profile super-performers. While most of our role models for excellence are large or growing companies that create highly visible products and services, behind the headlines lies a group of global competitors-unknown even to the general business community-that have attained global market share of over 70 percent. These companies-small and mid-size niche firms that make products like buttons, harmonicas, and gummi bears-are all great innovators. Many have created their own markets. They avoid outsourcing, diversification, and strategic alliances. Instead, they have developed unmatchable internal competencies."Reparem no título "Campeões escondidos"! Campeões escondidos porque são empresas de sucesso desconhecidas do grande público, porque não trabalham directamente para o consumidor final, porque trabalham no B2B não precisam de ter uma marca como a Fly London, ou a Alvarinho, ou a Throttleman.
"A Socks Active vai começar a produzir meias de alta resistência para o exército [Moi ici: A palavra "exército significa preço, significa grandes quantidades, poucas variações de cor e ausência de moda. Tudo factores a gritar preço mais baixo] de Israel no início de 2016. 0 contrato prevê o fornecimento de 50 mil pares a cada três meses, fabricados com um fio de torções diferenciadas e tratamento anti bacteriano. [Moi ici: Entra aqui a vertente técnica: alta resistência, fios especiais e o tratamento anti bacteriano. OK, o negócio é preço mas é na gama alta da competição pelo preço. O negócio é preço mas num campeonato diferente da produção com fios baratos para usar 2 ou 3 vezes e deitar fora] O gestor, Joaquim Ribeiro, adiantou que "vão ser uns milhões largos" desse "produto específico e cor única"."Segue-se um exemplo do que proponho a tantas empresas, um exemplo do que escrevi em "Não está na altura de organizar as ideias?" quando referi:
"As ginásticas dos últimos anos levaram a sua empresa a jogar em vários tabuleiros em simultâneo? Produz o que parece ser o mesmo tipo de produto quando na realidade produz para diferentes tipos de clientes com exigências e valores diferentes? Expõe os seus produtos em diferentes canais? Os argumentos comerciais que funcionam para um grupo de clientes não resultam com outros grupos? Uns clientes preferem uma relação transaccional e valorizam o preço, enquanto outros pedem-lhe para co-construir soluções?"Meias técnicas são um negócio, meias para o grande consumo são outro negócio. Cada um destes tipo requer um modelo de negócio diferente; Diferentes clientes-alvo, diferentes propostas de valor, logo diferentes argumentos de venda, diferentes prateleiras, diferentes formatos de desenvolvimento da relação com os clientes. Tudo a gritar para criar duas unidades de negócio, o plant-within-plant ou unidades de negócio fisicamente separadas:
"À unidade principal localizada na freguesia da Pousa - criada no ano 2000 e onde está a concentrar a produção de meias técnicas e de maior valor acrescentado - juntou a antiga Confecções Império, em Fafe, que comprou em Maio de 2013 e recuperou da falência. É lá que vai ficar o grosso da produção das meias de grande consumo, que valem menos de metade do negócio."Segue-se um trecho que me deixa com água na boca... já passei por desafios deste tipo com outras PME, com resultados espectaculares:
"Trabalhando para cadeias com a dimensão da Intersport, Casino e Decathlon ou marcas como Hummel ou Fila, os produtos saem do Minho com a insígnia dos clientes.O desafio é: como deixar de ser um fornecedor de preço de marcas como a Decathlon, para passar a ser um fornecedor de marca própria que a Decathlon tem de ter, precisa de ter, quer ter, nas suas prateleiras. Conseguem imaginar o potencial de trabalhar com a caiaques Nelo, ou com a toworkfor, por exemplo?
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Só agora está a investir para tentar dar maior força comercial à marca própria Riverst, de vestuário desportivo técnico."
"Com 45 funcionários, as duas unidades produzem perto de cinco milhões de pares de meias por ano. A capacidade produtiva não é suficiente, porém, para satisfazer as encomendas, pelo que distribui trabalho por várias fábricas na região. Para inverter essa limitação, gizou um plano de investimento de 300 mil euros para renovação de equipamentos, aumento de pessoal e eficiência energética. Candidatou-o a apoios europeus no Portugal 2020, mas foi rejeitado por duas décimas. "A explicação foi que não promovia a marca."Esta explicação é reveladora de quem decide apoiar estes projectos são burocratas com muitas limitações.
"THE STRATEGIC PURPOSE OF SACRIFICEHmm, Sacrifice. Isn’t this just clear prioritization by any other name? The difference between Sacrifice and prioritization is that the latter allows secondary and tertiary targets. Sacrifice means not doing these secondary and tertiary things at all.Trechos retirados de "Eating the Big Fish" de Adam Morgan.
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Sacrifice’s value, therefore, is not simply one of concentration of marketing forces externally; it also has an internal value similar to hardpruning a plant: all the energy, all the dynamism in the company becomes devoted to the primary goal.
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1. Sacrifice concentrates the internal and external expressions ofidentity by eliminating activities that might dilute it.
2. Sacrifice allows the creation of strong points of difference by changing the organization’s mind-set from pursuing weak universal appeal to a more intense, narrower appeal (and thereby avoiding becoming the ‘‘mush in the middle’’).
3. Sacrifice generates critical mass for the communication of that identity and those differences by stripping away other secondary marketing activity. This is central to maximizing the Challenger’s consumer presence, given its more limited marketing resources.
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While the Brand Leader perceives its currency to be mass appeal and can afford the dilution of preference that creates because it is compensated for by the convenience of its ubiquity and distribution, Challengers need more extreme actions and gestures - they need to create a greater proportion of ‘‘committed’’ and ‘‘enthusiastic’’ users through real differentiation.
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Challenger currency is therefore not means but extremes: top-box preference scores or nothing.
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For any brand, positioning is Sacrifice; for a Challenger, it is the path to growth. What it chooses not to do defines who and what it really is."
"In the world of clutter and information saturation that consumers are faced with, the greatest danger facing a brand is not rejection, but indifference.Assim, concentração não só por causa do encaixe do mosaico estratégico (recordar Terry Hill) mas também para reforçar a mensagem de marketing, mas também para criar uma identidade forte.
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the solution to indifference for a Challenger lies in both a strong identity and, through this, a strong relationship with its consumer base. Inevitably, this means that success for the Challenger brand comes from considering very carefully what it is going to Sacrifice in order to create this relationship and identity. Indeed, the ability to sacrifice and concentrate one’s focus, voice, and actions more narrowly is one of the few advantages a Challenger has. Having to fight a war on two fronts weakens the ability to do either really well and Brand Leaders have to fight on many fronts at once.
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Challengers recognize, ... that in order to break through, their only currency with the consumer is going to be strong preference. If they achieve simply weak preference or parity preference, all the other attributes the market leader has on its side will swing the vote in its favor: ubiquity, social acceptability, salience, convenience. And to create that strong preference, we as Challengers accept that we will need to do things that reach out and bind certain groups of people very strongly to us. And we will also accept that, in order to create those stronger relationships, these same actions or behaviors may (and probably will) leave other groups cold.
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The Sacrifices a Challenger makes do not lie in incidentals to the business, such as minor line extensions, a research budget, or the assistant public relations manager. They are instead fundamentals: distribution, messages, audiences, even issues like promotional pricing, or our deliberate lack of it (T-box, unlike the rest of the ready-to-wear category, never offers seasonal discounts). The overriding objective is to have significant impact of the right kind on your core audience, to achieve critical mass for your voice.
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Although ubiquity in distribution is good for establishment brands like Coca-Cola and AT&T, it is dangerous for Challenger brands looking to create a stronger affinity with a more focused target, be they self-styled fashion rebels, surfing wannabes, or weekend mountain bikers.
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there is no escape: Strong brands are necessarily simple and single-minded in their communication, even if it means sacrificing what might seem to be important secondary messages.
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As a Challenger, we have to use our more limited resources (people, time, passion, energy, money) against the few things that will really make a difference, and this means being very clear on both who we are and what we are going to Sacrifice to promote that identity. Focus on the products, experiences, and marketing that will genuinely break through."
"the most important orders are the ones to which a company says 'no'."Recordo Jonathan Byrnes:
"in a typical company, 30 to 40% of revenues are actually unprofitable, while another fraction of revenues — often more like 20 to 30% — accounts for most of the organization’s profitability."Recordo Kotler:
"Philip Kotler no livro “Marketing para o século XXI” chama a atenção para a relação 20/80/30.Recordo as curvas de Stobachoff:
Já ouviu falar dela?
De certeza que já ouvi falar na relação 20/80.
80% dos lucros de uma empresa são gerados pelos 20 clientes mais rentáveis.
E os 30? O que querem dizer?
Os 30 clientes menos rentáveis provocam um corte de metade dos lucros de uma empresa.
Pense bem no significado, no impacte, desta relação… "
"Apesar de ter adoptado o nome germânico, a "nova" Olbo&Mehler está cada vez mais portuguesa: contratou um CEO saído da Sonae e transferiu para Famalicão a produção de tecidos, usados no corrimão de escadas rolantes e frascos de insulina.""Estranho!", pensei logo... duas mensagens contraditórias:
"Tal como a responsável da equipa de inovação, composta por três engenheiras químicas e dois engenheiros de materiais. [Moi ici: Outra vez a sugestão da inovação? A inovação pode ser no produto, ou pode ser no processo e, nesse caso, pode ser eficiência operacional]
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No ano passado, os clientes alemães valeram 30% das vendas totais de 41,5 milhões de euros, sendo o maior deles o grupo Continental. [Moi ici: OK, indústria automóvel, o negócio é preço, eficiência é o nome do jogo] Mais de metade do negócio ainda é assegurado pelos tecidos para as correias de transporte usadas na indústria mineira, [Moi ici: OK, preço, eficiência é o nome do jogo. 50% do negócio compete pelo preço] com que a empresa fundada no século XIX pelo sr. Mehler entrou em Portugal, num investimento de 30 milhões de euros.
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Ao contrário do segmento mineiro, em que o factor de decisão é o preço, [Moi ici: Cá está, não sou bruxo!] nesta área dos tecidos especiais os clientes industriais compram inovação."
"Quais são as novas vantagens comparativas?.
Nas correias de transporte, por exemplo, eu já tenho dificuldade em concorrer via preço com asiáticos e sul-americanos. [Moi ici: Onde está 50% do negócio] A aposta tem de ser nos tecidos técnicos, inovação e novos segmentos para estar sempre um passo à frente dessas economias com custos de trabalho baixos e, muitas vezes, produtoras da matéria-prima. Temos de buscar as nossas próprias vantagens competitivas: conhecimento, abertura ao mundo e perceber a necessidade em várias partes do mundo, [Moi ici: Parece-me curto, falta-lhe ainda desenvolver a relação amorosa com os clientes, produtos e fornecedores] metermo-nos num avião e irmos à Argentina, Austrália, onde for preciso, para perceber o que é que os clientes procuram.
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E o que falta ainda ao sector?.
Profissionalizar as equipas de gestão e focar-se mais na produtividade, eficiência, melhoria contínua e redução dos desperdícios de tempo e materiais. [Moi ici: A herança Sonae Indústria a vir ao de cima... acabou de dizer que já tem dificuldade em concorrer pelo preço e, depois, fala sobre eficiência, sobre o preço] Embora Portugal esteja melhor do que a nossa imagem no exterior, de um país pouco produtivo."
"Remember that 96% of all business start-ups in the US fail within 10 years, but the failure rate of franchises is less than one third of the rate of regular businesses.Why is this so?A incapacidade de crescer as vendas, para lá de um número que se comporta como um tecto de vidro, julgo que reside nesta falta de estratégia, falta de escolha dos clientes-alvo e falta de alinhamento dos recursos.
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A significant part of franchises' greater general success is because of alignment. The best franchises have thought through very carefully who their target customer is and what the promise is that they want to make to that customer. And they've thought through all the internal systems and processes to deliver on that promise in the most efficient and effective way. Franchises have learned to invest in developing and maintaining alignment of resources to mission."
- Ide e Multiplicai-vos!!!Uma espécie de: vão para a rua e ganhem clientes. Clientes são clientes, são pessoas ou empresas que pagam pelo nosso produto ou serviço. Não interessa quem eles são desde que tenham dinheiro e paguem.
""For example, if the company is currently involved in five different products, technologies, markets, or volumes, does it need five plants, five sets of equipment, five processes, five technologies, and five organizational structures? The answer is probably yes." [Moi ici: Convém ler o resto, para perceber o conceito pwp]O que aprendi com a Electrolux em Novembro de 2006?
"the most important orders are the ones to which a company says 'no'."Claro que as "Valbonas" que não pensam chegam à situação espelhada pelas bolas vermelhas:
It's the middle that gets squeezed. To disrupt make the incumbent the middle. Come high or come low
— Rags Srinivasan (@rags) February 15, 2015
"Quando lá fomos, tinham acabado de comprar a maquinaria de uma antiga fiação e vários teares que estavam destinados à sucata. Tudo estava a ser reparado, afinado e lentamente reactivado.Recordo logo Loulé... em Novembro de 2007 e "Agora vou especular".
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Por isso, se estão a ser enviadas para a sucata em nome de fabulosos programas de inovação, o que está a ir para a sucata é a possibilidade de reiniciar um tipo de produção de média-escala que costuma ser o habitat perfeito de pequenas empresas focadas na qualidade e na diferenciação do produto."
"Os gestores profissionais só vêem rácios financeiros e oportunidades para reduzir custos. Quantos têm um caso de amor com os produtos das fábricas que gerem?
Quando se tem amor reconhece-se o valor. Quando se reconhece o valor, conhecem-se outras alavancas, além dos custos."
"For example, if the company is currently involved in five different products, technologies, markets, or volumes, does it need five plants, five sets of equipment, five processes, five technologies, and five organizational structures? The answer is probably yes. But the practical solution need not involve selling the big multipurpose facility and decentralizing into five small facilities.O risco das "Valbonas" que não pensam é o de quererem ir a todos os segmentos e canais, é o de quererem ser uma espécie de "Arca de Noé" e servir o mercado do meio-termo. Contudo esse mercado está a desaparecer por todo o lado... o mundo requer cada vez mais estratégias puras do que estratégias híbridas porque o dinheiro é cada vez mais caro.
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In fact, the few companies that have adopted the focused plant concept have approached the solution quite differently. There is no need to build five plants, which would involve unnecessary investment and overhead expenses.
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The more practical approach is the “plant within a plant” (PWP) notion in which the existing facility is divided both organizationally and physically into, in this case, five PWPs. Each PWP has its own facilities in which it can concentrate on its particular manufacturing task, using its own work-force management approaches, production control, organization structure, and so forth. Quality and volume levels are not mixed; worker training and incentives have a clear focus; and engineering of processes, equipment, and materials handling are specialized as needed.
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Each PWP gains experience readily by focusing and concentrating every element of its work on those limited essential objectives which constitute its manufacturing task. Since a manufacturing task is an offspring of a corporate strategy and marketing program, it is susceptible to either gradual or sweeping change. The PWP approach makes it easier to perform realignment of essential operations and system elements over time as the task changes."
"One alcoholic beverage company we worked with had a highly complex product portfolio and sales of the different products varied. However, a small proportion of its products represented a surprisingly large and stable volume of sales. So we designed an efficient supply chain purely to handle this stable segment and a second, more responsive one to deal with less predictable demand. These two supply chains worked in tandem, but didn’t get in each other’s way. (Moi ici: A velha lição de Skinner e de Hill. A velha incompatibilidade entre mosaico de bolas azuis versus mosaico de bolas vermelhas)
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Multiple supply chains can also customize service levels. The efficient supply chain seeks to maintain the expected service level at the lowest possible cost, whereas the goal of the responsive supply chain is the reverse: to improve service to the customer at a somewhat higher, but still acceptable, cost. Sensitive to peaks and troughs in unpredictable demand, it avoids tying up valuable capacity in the supply chain and gets the product on the shelves before it loses its appeal to the consumer.
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We also worked with a large apparel company that found it needed three supply chains—one for basic goods always in demand, one for seasonal styles updated four times a year, and one for the latest fashions. Each supply chain had a different lead time, inventory size, and mode of business planning. Basic items perpetually in demand—T-shirts and socks—were sent cheaply on slow freighters, whereas the latest fashions were whisked to the stores while demand was at its peak and they commanded the highest price.
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The much shorter interval between production and sales for seasonal and fashion items reduced storage and redistribution costs. The results were exceptional: The company was able to reduce its working capital by about 30 percent, while the gross profit margin increased by almost 6 percent."
"Finally, someone said out loud what was on everybody’s mind: “But do we have the courage to turn away business? Do we really have the confidence to tell paying customers that we are not right for them?”....
My answer? “Not only should you do that, but the only way you can achieve any strategic distinction is to do that. Strategy is deciding whose business you are going to turn away.”"
"The very essence of having a strategy is being selective about choosing the criteria on which a firm wishes to compete, and then being creative and disciplined in designing an operation that is finely tuned to deliver those particular virtues."...
"Staying focused and true to a strategy is something that has always been, and will always be, hard to do.
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The hunger for volume (and the use of managerial scorecards that emphasize it) has meant that many individuals and firms are often uncomfortable with (or even shocked by) the notion that, to achieve a distinctive strategy, they will need to turn away work that a major competitor might reasonably want to serve.
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“Oh, we don’t want to take it that far!” they say. “Our strategy is to emphasize certain things, not to exclude others. If a client opportunity comes along outside the strategic areas we have chosen, we’ll serve that client. We’re under too much fiscal pressure to turn away cash opportunities. Can’t we just develop a clear and crisp value proposition and then let the clients decide if they want to pay for it?”
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My answer is that (as I argued in my previous article “Strategy and the Fat Smoker”) you can’t get the benefits of a strategy that you don’t implement, and half-measures are unlikely to work. Strategy is not about understanding something—or planning to get around to it—it’s about having the courage to make it happen. You can’t let other people, even clients, determine the pace at which you create your distinctiveness."
"It is widely believed that restructuring has boosted productivity by displacing low-skilled workers and creating jobs for the high skilled."Mas, e como isto é profundo:"In essence, creative destruction means that low productivity plants are displaced by high productivity plants." Por favor voltar a trás e reler esta última afirmação.
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"Lovaglia’s Law: The more important the outcome of a decision, the more people will resist using evidence to make it."
"If an organisation is too stable it can ossify, but if it is too unstable it can disintegrate. Successful organisations work between these two conditions or states, in what Stacey called ‘the chaos zone’."
"If the customer doesn't care about the price, then the retailer shouldn't care about the cost,"
“It's not enough that we do our best; sometimes we have to do what's required”.
"Das Leben, das uns gegeben ist, ist uns nicht als etwas Fertiges gegeben, sondern wir müssen es uns gestalten, und zwar jeder sein eigenes."
"Eine Regierung, die nichts wert ist, kostet am meisten."
"Forget trying to persuade them; light their pants on fire."
"O futuro é o que importa. O futuro é a base do significado, é de onde vem o projecto que alguém tem para si próprio"
"The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place."
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the one that is most adaptable to change.”
"o Marketing só existe a partir do pensamento estratégico, caso contrário "não resulta""
"It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding it"
"Perder diversidade é como arrancar páginas de um livro. Quantas páginas poderemos arrancar até deixar de compreender o enredo?"
The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie – deliberate, contrived and dishonest – but the myth, persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic. Belief in myths allows the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought."
"By strategy, I mean a cohesive response to a challenge. A real strategy is neither a document nor a forecast but rather an overall approach based on a diagnosis of a challenge. The most important element of a strategy is a coherent viewpoint about the forces at work, not a plan."
"Un desastre està punt de succeir a Espanya. El malentès de la gravetat de la crisi costarà car als inversors, ja que tindrà profundes conseqüències per a tot el sistema bancari europeu", afirma.
Entre d'altres coses, Mauldin diu que "els inversors estan fumant crack si creuen que els bancs espanyols són entre els més forts d'Europa, ja que estan amagant les seves pèrdues".
“… there are no “sunset” industries condemned to disappear in high wage economies, although there are certainly sunset and condemned strategies, among them building a business on the advantages to be gained by cheap labor”
"o vencedor da vida, o optimista que vive em incesto com o próprio ego, é o traço mais frágil do líder"
"We shall not grow wiser before we learn that much
that we have done was very foolish."
You may not be able to change the world but can at least get some entertainment & make a living out of the epistemic arrogance of the human race.
"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do."
“Trust your guts. But not too much!”
"Customers will try 'low-cost providers,' because the majors have not given them any clear reason not to." "
"Natal é quando as Crianças pedem e os Pais pagam. Défices é quando os Pais pedem e as Crianças pagam."
"A imprevidência dos povos é infinita, a dos governos é legal"
"What a man sees depends both upon what he looks at and also upon what his previous visual-conceptual experience has taught him to see"
“The leaders first task is to be the trumpet that sounds a clear sound”
"lamented the lack of any systematic data on the scale of unfunded IOUs that care-free politicians have handed out like confetti."
"Let them call me rebel and welcome, I feel no concern from it; but I should suffer the misery of devils, were I to make a whore of my soul..."
O problema não é o consumo. O problema é o consumo assente em endividamento."
"There are designations, like "economist", "prostitute", or "consultant" for which additional characterization doesn't add information."
When it becomes more difficult to suffer than change, you will change"
"Hope is not a strategy and a crisis is a terrible thing to waste"
The more you can see of the present, the more you can see of the future"
Yes, You can change the future, but only changing the present"
"Entrepreneurship is 'Having aspirations greater than your resources'"
“The single biggest reason companies fail is they overinvest in what is, as opposed to what might be."
"The first principle is that you must not fool yourself - and you are the easiest person to fool. So you have to be very careful about that"
"A estabilidade é uma ilusão"
"When we create the conditions of possibility, the universe becomes our co-conspirator"
Thinking about doing is not doing. Talking about doing is not doing. Doing is doing."
"'God has created me to do him some definite service. He has committed some work to me which he has not committed to another'.
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"Each of us has a mission, each of us is called to change the world, to work for a culture of life, a culture forged by love and respect for the dignity of each human person.
"As our Lord tells us in the Gospel we have just heard, our light must shine in the sight of all, so that, seeing our good works, they may give praise to our heavenly Father."
"The future is not there waiting for us. We create it by the power of imagination."
"confusing testosterone with strategy is a bad idea"
"Much consulting involves the application of models to a system, as opposed to getting involved in the system as a positive change agent""
"O Portugal que pára sem orçamento é precisamente aquele que vive dele e que há todo o interesse em parar."
"credibilidade da política financeira e dos seus executores está ao nível da credibilidade de uma barraca das farturas"
"The role of the manager is thought to be reduction of uncertainty rather than the capacity to live creatively in it"
"today an entrepreneur is closer to artists than managers"
"A business without a path to profit isn’t a business, it’s a hobby"
"If no one’s upset by what you’re saying, you’re probably not pushing hard enough. (And you’re probably boring, too.)"
"Storytelling isn’t just how we construct our identities, stories are our identities"
"'He who has a why to live can bear almost any how' "
"They can because they think they can"
"Se há coisa que não suporto é misturar catequese com negócios, é a incapacidade para calçar os sapatos do outro e só pensar na nossa posição de coitadinhos, pobres vítimas indefesas dos maus e que por isso precisamos do Estado todo poderoso para nos proteger e, nem percebem na volta, os juros que o Estado cobra por esse serviço mafioso de protecção que, ainda por cima não resolve nada."
"Empathy is like a universal solvent. Any problem immersed in empathy becomes soluble."
"In victory, do not brag; in defeat, do not weep"
"Value it's a feeling not a calculation"
"An economist is someone who has had a human being described to him, but has never actually seen one."
"Don't finish first--it's not about running a rat race. Start with a better ending in mind."
"If you sit in on a poker game and don’t see a sucker, get up. You’re the sucker.”
"The 'value added' for most any company, tiny or enormous, comes from the Quality of Experience provided."
"Crediting government with the success of entrepreneurs is like crediting the guy who built Bill Gates’ garage with the success of Microsoft."
"I have found that assuming social scientists understand the difference between correlation and causality is not generally a good one."
"Promising never to raise taxes, without reaching a deal on spending, really means a high and rising commitment to future taxes."
"Some things are so foolish that only an intellectual could believe them, for no ordinary man could be such a fool"
"os bancos não financiam a economia, a poupança sim"
"I do not know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody"
"Never be afraid to try, remember... Amateurs built the ark. Professionals built the Titanic."
"terms such as 'experiment' and 'observation' cover complex processes containing many strands. 'Facts' come from negotiations between different parties and the final product - the published report - is influenced by physical events, dataprocessors, compromises, exhaustion, lack of money, national pride and so on."
"'science in the making' is 'the consequence of [a] settlement' of 'controversies'."
"If the state wishes to spend more, it can do so only by borrowing your savings or taxing you more. And it's no good thinking someone else will pay, that someone else is you."
"All failures of strategy are rooted in the assumption that outcomes are predictable."
"Doing things like your bigger competitors is how to get killed in the wars out there"
“Uma moeda boa e forte é como a saúde. Só lhe damos verdadeiramente valor quando não a temos.”
"Life’s tough. It’s tougher if you’re stupid"
"O homem de bem exige tudo de si próprio; o homem medíocre espera tudo dos outros"
"Change is a threat when done to me, but an opportunity when done by me."
"As elites foram deixando de falar das exportações à medida que se foi percebendo que o país consegue exportar sem elas"
"Your toughest competition is the little voice inside your head telling you to stop"
"Pain is just weakness leaving your body"
"Built to last" is bad economics. Built to do something great" is the better idea. Think: "Creative destruction."
"the world is an uncertain place no matter how many Greek letter equations you affix to a problem."
"You never change things by fighting existing reality. To change s.th., build a new model making the existing model obsolete"
“No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical.”
"Success is not a destination. It's the trail you leave behind you."
"Winners make a habit of manufacturing their own positive expectations in advance of the event."
“You’ve got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology – not the other way around”
"Strategy as the "smallest set of - intended or actual - choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions."
"When something is commoditized, an adjacent market becomes valuable"
"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"
"There aren't any textbooks on what to stop doing!"
"With great power comes great irresponsibility "
"Weird things happen when you take price out of the equation for consumers"
"‘It’s so damn complex. If you ever think you have the solution to this, you’re wrong and you’re dangerous.’"
"Saruman believes it is only great power that can hold evil in check, but that is not what I have found. I found it is the small everyday deeds of ordinary folk that keep the darkness at bay. Small acts of kindness and love."
"Increasing stuff that doesn't add value dilutes existing value."
"O federalismo não é a alternativa à troika, é a troika para sempre."
"Never underestimate the difficulty of changing false beliefs by facts"
"Stressors are information"
“If you hear a “prominent” economist using the word ‘equilibrium,’ or ‘normal distribution,’ do not argue with him; just ignore him, or try to put a rat down his shirt.”
"The advantage of experiences over things for most of us is that we can make them seem unique, which = scarce, which = value"
"Pedras no caminho?
Guardo todas, um dia vou construir um castelo"
"Without risk, faith is an impossibility."
"Não posso com quem vive a achar que os outros lhe devem sempre alguma coisa."
"In a world of increasing automation, our ability to perform tasks is not nearly as important as our ability to dream. The questions we need to ask are not ones of action, but ones of meaning"
"Me arrancam tudo a força e depois me chamam de contribuinte."
"Letting people vote for expensive programs that “somebody else” will finance is a good recipe for getting people to vote irresponsibly"
"what's fairness gotta do with pricing based in value?"
"The epic battle of our generation is between the status quo of mass and the never-ceasing tide of weird."
“Price is emotional”
"There will always be a reason why you can't pursue it, until competitors create a reason why you must."
"The most important thing to study is opening theory"
"The greater the contrast, the greater the potential"
“Customers don't care about your solution, they care about their problems.”
"Todos querem conhecer a verdade, mas o que desejam é que lhes contem uma mentira em que não sejam protagonistas."
"Execution efficiency strangles innovation in the crib, but not with malice, by default.”
"Our obsession with scalability is getting in the way of unleashing the potential of the 21st century."
"The system is optimized to mitigate risk, not create value"
"Champions are made when no one is looking"
"Don't bargain on value. Half as expensive is often twice as cheap."
"Customers care about outcomes, not effort, technology, or originality."
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"You don't have to pick between 1) playing the game and 2) not playing the game. You can *change* the game."
""The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool." "