Pensamento estratégico em todo o lado

É reconfortante encontrar pensamento estratégico em todo o lado, em todos os sectores de actividade económica.

A ISO 9001:2015 começa a secção 4 com a cláusula 4.1 sobre compreender uma organização e o seu contexto, e a cláusula 4.2 sobre as partes interessadas relevantes e os seus requisitos relevantes. Não admira, uma organização inteligente e com skin-in-the-game tem de estar atenta e alinhada com o seu contexto e partes interessadas, e quando estas mudam as organizações têm de mudar, não podem contar com um qualquer direito adquirido a um queijo metafórico.

"When Tom and Mac Ehrhardt took over the seed company from their father in the 1970s, much of their business came from producers like Swieter.
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“Farmers in pickups would come in and buy soup to nuts,” said Tom Ehrhardt. “They’d buy some oats, alfalfa, corn, a little clover, a little pasture grass, and maybe sweet corn and tomatoes for the garden, so it was a whole grocery list of things.”
...
Now, 40 years later, “lots of those small farms have disappeared, and we don’t see as many individual farmers coming in this time of year as we once did,” he said.
...
Tens of thousands of farmers have patronized the seed company since its founding in 1923. Now in its third generation, Albert Lea Seed House has adjusted with the times, becoming more of a distribution center than general store and surviving by recognizing its changing customers and providing a wide variety of seeds that farmers like Swieter can’t find through co-ops and the agricultural behemoths."

Liderar uma organização é esta busca permanente de ajuste à realidade, e sublinho outra vez Nassim Taleb:

"Gracias a la paranoia, que es la mejor estrategia de supervivencia. El optimismo es malo. Los psicólogos siempre dicen que infravaloramos la posibilidad de que se produzca una catástrofe. Yo te hago una simple pregunta: ¿prefieres que tu piloto de avión sea un pesimista o un optimista?
. . .
Ya respondo yo: necesitamos que nuestros líderes sean pesimistas.
Muchos expertos dicen que la ansiedad es la enfermedad del siglo XXI.
Pues se equivocan. Si no eres ansioso en tu vida personal, te vas a la quiebra. Mira a los animales salvajes: siempre están vigilantes, no asumen riesgos. Yo soy una persona feliz, pero cada mañana me levanto como si fuera a irme a la quiebra ese mismo día.
Curiosamente, este pesimismo existencial de Nassim Nicholas Taleb le lleva a un corolario contraintuitivo. La ansiedad humana, que tantos esfuerzos dedicamos a erradicar, quizá sea el principal motivo para confiar en la supervivencia de la raza a largo plazo."

Trecho retirado de "Albert Lea Seed House still thriving as it adjusts to the same forces changing the farm industry" e citado em "Leaders and Strategies in Real Life: 4/3/18"

Para reflexão

"Differentiation is the key driver of brand power. Your company’s core values must embody what makes your company uniquely “you”—what makes you stand out from others.
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To start to identify what your core values really should be, start by thinking about your business category. Core values should differ from category values, which all companies in any given category must adopt.
...
Second, for your company’s values to be unique, the words or manner in which you choose to describe them should be distinctive. Instead of defaulting to overused terms, express your core values differently from other companies that might hold somewhat similar beliefs. Use a style or voice that uniquely represents your organization. Doing so provides more than a veneer of differentiation; it makes your values more distinct because they embody the spirit and personality of your organization.
...
There isn’t one right set of values for every organization. Your core values should describe the collective attitudes and beliefs that you desire all employees to hold, translate those into specific actions and decisions that they should make, and then in turn show how those behaviors produce customer experiences that define and differentiate your brand. Your core values need to be unique."

Trechos retirados de "Ban These 5 Words From Your Corporate Values Statement"

Lados positivo, negativo e arriscado

Um lado positivo:

""Um dos nossos principais vetores de sucesso é o desenvolvimento de novos e inovadores produtos,
...
Apesar de a produção nacional estar ao nível dos melhores e a preços competitivos, Manuel Brasil refere que não podem competir só pelo preço ou pela qualidade. "Trabalhar exclusivamente pelo preço é demasiado perigoso e redutor, visto que as mais-valias são muito reduzidas, e porque continuarão a existir países cuja conjuntura local seja mais favorável a este tipo de fabrico", alerta. "A qualidade é algo que tem de ser inato a todos os produtos e serviços. A premissa que deve ser garantida é a de não cair em situações de "excesso" de qualidade, ou seja, tudo aquilo que esteja incluído num produto que não tenha valor para o cliente é de facto um custo para o fabricante.""[Moi ici: A aposta na diferenciação pela inovação]

Um lado negativo:

"Se não for criada e colocada no terreno uma estratégia nacional de formação na indústria de metalomecânica, não sei por quanto tempo este crescimento possa ser sustentado."[Moi ici: O ainda não ter percebido que vão ter de ser as empresas em associação a criar soluções locais e específicas para este problema. Se calhar em conjunto com uma escola privada mais virada para o ensino profissional oficinal, e que agora atravesse um mau momento com o fim dos contratos de associação]

Já agora, a propósito de "O têxtil vive em castelos de areia". Não é o têxtil, é toda a actividade económica privada. Afinal, não foi de ânimo leve que sublinhei: "For an entrepreneur, every day is a crisis". Todas as actividades económicas que dependem de clientes que são livres de escolher a quem comprar, são como os iogurtes, têm um modelo económico que, mais tarde ou mais cedo, e sem avisar, vai ficar obsoleto. Por isso, toda a actividade económica privada vive em castelos de areia, literalmente. E fugir disto é deturpar a economia.

Outro lado positivo:

"Como "não podemos competir pelo preço", o foco está em manter a flexibilidade que permite produzir séries pequenas em espaços de tempo apertados.[Moi ici: Ainda me lembro de quase só o anónimo da província ousar escrever sobre isto]
...
"O crescimento das vendas online dá vantagem a Portugal porque as marcas não podem ir à Ásia buscar mil peças em quatro meses, mas nós fazemo-lo. Cada vez mais, as lojas físicas vão encerrar e o comércio online pede rapidez." 

Um lado arriscado:

""Fizemos um estudo, que só será apresentado no primeiro semestre deste ano, que contabiliza o custo de armazenamento de toneladas de peças de vestuário que as marcas têm guardadas por essa Europa fora. Vamos resolver esse problema: propomos recuperar essas peças e dar-lhe uma vida nova, sem que percam valor."[Moi ici: O modelo que gerou/gera essas peças que não se vendem está a morrer. Por isso, também, é que o reshoring está a acontecer... recuar a Maio de 2006]

• Flexigurança, fiscalidade e competitividade (Janeiro 2007)
• Acerca da competitividade (Dezembro 2010)
• Hora da batota? (Março 2012)
• Como aproveitar a proximidade entre a produção e o consumo? (Julho 2012)
• Rapidez, rapidez, rapidez (Março 2013)
• Escrito nas estrelas (Abril 2013)
• E quem puder dar esse acompanhamento superior (parte III) (Novembro 2014) 
• Uma década à frente da tríade* (Junho de 2017)

Trechos retirados de "Exportações: três histórias de sucesso"

A vantagem competitiva

Considerar esta mensagem:

"WE HAVE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE:
.
We care more."

E recordar:

"Customers often think we are different not because we are different, but because we recognize what makes them different"

Trecho retirado daqui.

Uns fazem, outros queixam-se!

Uma notícia interessante, "Castanha da Beira Alta lança marca própria", leio no Caderno de Economia do semanário Expresso de 7 de outubro último:

"Este ano, com uma novidade: a empresa, gerida por dois irmãos e que fatura anualmente 11 milhões,  vaira lançar uma marca especifica, a Saudade, para diferenciar a martainha, produzida em Sernancelhe e em todos os concelhos limítrofes que constituem a área geográfica com classificação Castanha dos Soutos da Lapa, de Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP). "Nos últimos anos, percebemos que esta variedade estava a ser muito valorizada, no mercado nacional mas sobretudo nos países para onde exportamos, pelos distribuidores e assadores. O problema é que, na hora de comprar, não há nada que diga a estes clientes o que estão a comprar, que diferencie este produto sazonal, de alta qualidade, de outras variedades. Uma castanha parece-se sempre com outra castanha.
...
A insígnia Saudade — Sabores do Coração, que será apresentada em Madrid, durante a Fruit Attraction, uma das principais feiras empresariais de frutas e legumes da Europa
...
Além de querer ir ao encontro do consumidor português, "que vai passar a ir ao supermercado e a saber o tipo de castanha que está, de facto, a comprar", a insígnia pretende comunicar diferenciação deste produto a mercados como Alemanha, França, Suíça, Luxemburgo, Itália, Espanha, Estados Uni-dos e Canada—geografias onde a Frusantos, que exporta mais de 50% da sua produção, está presente, O lançamento de uma marca própria faz parte do projecto de internacionalização..."

Um exemplo interessante: criação de uma marca, aposta na diferenciação, internacionalização e participação em feiras.

Uns fazem, outros queixam-se!

"Customers often think we are different not because we are different"

Trecho tremendo:

"if you not only know your customer really well, but ensure your customer recognizes that you know them really well, your customer will appreciate you more than the competition. This is due to my differentiation paradox: Customers often think we are different not because we are different, but because we recognize what makes them different."

Tão bom, tão cheio de sumo, tão adequado a Mongo e às suas tribos apaixonadas que valorizam o sangue.

Agora imaginem o quanto é preciso conhecer os clientes-alvo para que eles reconheçam esta diferença.

Trecho retirado de "Your Most Powerful Competitive Advantage"

"Build from your strengths"

"In their efforts to compete, business strategists often forget a basic principle: Build from your strengths. The most successful companies have a clear, well-articulated view of what's important to them and their customers. They understand that the way to win consistently is through what they do rather than what they sell.
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These companies also understand that “what they do” is unique to them; they have their own capabilities and practices that no other company could quite duplicate, even if it tried. In that sense, building from your strengths is the most reliable way we have found to differentiate your company.
.
This advice is easy to state and difficult to follow — not just in business, but in every aspect of human endeavor. Focusing on what you are great at doing is intuitively compelling, but few companies drive their strategy this way. It’s too easy to get caught up in chasing what others do — fixing the inevitably long list of weaknesses in your company, or seeking out what’s new in a world of change.
.
But when you understand what you’re great at, and design your capabilities and strategy accordingly, you can define how you want to compete, and shape your own future rather than waiting for others to do it for you."

Lembrei-me logo de Youngme Moon e "Different"


Trecho retirado de "Design for Your Strengths"

Artesãos do futuro

Ao folhear muitos postais deste blogue é fácil relacionar entre si algumas palavras-chave:

• Mongo;
• tribos;
• diferenciação;
• paixão;
• artesãos;
• autenticidade.

Por exemplo, há dias escrevi:

"Em paralelo a esta evolução, que vai sugar os mais apaixonados para uma nova Idade de Ouro de artesãos do século XXI"

No caderno de Economia deste fim de semana encontrei um texto que relaciona estas mesmas palavras-chave, "À procura de artesãos no tempo dos ecrãs táteis":

"No entanto, quem aposta com visão em segmentos como o têxtil, a carpintaria, a latoaria, a joalharia, a encadernação, a cerâmica, os bordados, o restauro ou a cestaria pode ter um futuro promissor pela frente,
...
outra área de forte procura: o trabalho artesanal em madeira. “Todos os dias chegam pedidos de marceneiros, profissionais de serralharia artística.” São cada vez mais, também, os casos de sucesso de novos negócios, sempre de nicho, que começam no risco, chegam à autossustentabilidade e culminam na exportação.
...
Ao contrário do preconceito que possa persistir, de que o trabalho do artesão é pesado, sujo e moroso e de que a produção não se adaptou ao consumidor contemporâneo, “o artesanato não ficou estagnado”, sublinha Luís Rocha. O sector está a rejuvenescer e a qualificar-se.
...
a formação superior conjugada com a técnica adquirida nos cursos profissionais resulta na evolução criativa que tem dinamizado o sector. Ao mesmo tempo, “a procura [de produções artesanais] tem aumentado porque o mercado está cansado do produto massificado e quer, cada vez mais, objetos com forte cariz cultural, identitários e diferenciadores”. Cabe ao artesão “ganhar essa oportunidade”, analisa o diretor, que defende o investimento em marcas culturais com design de luxo.
...
Se nos domínios da carpintaria, marcenaria e costura, encontrar emprego por contra de outrem é relativamente comum, nos nichos da cerâmica artística, vidro ou bordados, muitos não esperam que o mercado chame por eles e criam diretamente oportunidades, uma situação que se terá acentuado nos últimos seis anos. “O desemprego fomentou o empreendedorismo e isso foi muito importante para dinamizar o sector”"

E na linha do que tenho reflectido aqui sobre o seru e a não-necessidade de máquinas-monumento , sobre o impacte de Mongo na dimensão das empresas, sobre o impacte da digitalização na redução da fricção de que falava Coase, na ascensão do DIY e dos makers, é interessante a referência aos ecrãs tácteis no título. Acredito que os artesãos do futuro trabalharão cada vez com mais tecnologia e mais valor acrescentado.



BTW, ontem fui a Rio Tinto com 4 moradas de lojas e fábricas de candeeiros. Ao chegar a uma delas, com todo o aspecto de oficina artesanal, deparei-me com caixas com marcas de renome e referências a feiras italianas. Fui recebido com atenção e simpatia mas comunicaram-me que tinham deixado de trabalhar para o público e começado a trabalhar para marcas portuguesas do segmento médio-alto e focadas na exportação.

Um exemplo de Mongo

Um exemplo de como Mongo vai permitir muito mais oportunidades para independentes: "This entrepreneur bootstrapped a sneaker business for celebs and high-end stores".

A aposta na customização, a aposta na diferenciação.

"Why Reshore?"

"Why Reshore?.
The top reasons that companies reshore include:
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Lead time
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Higher product quality and consistency
.
Rising offshore wages
.
Skilled workforce
.
Freight costs
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Image of being Made in the USA
.
Lower inventory levels, better turns
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Better responsiveness to changing customer demands
.
Minimal intellectual property and regulatory compliance risks
.
Improved innovation and product differentiation
.
Local tax incentives"

Trecho retirado de "The Case for Reshoring"

"The granddaddy of all [strategy] mistakes"

Only helping customers get a Job Done better/cheeper/faster = race to the bottom. Think how to change the Job or create new ones #jtbd pic.twitter.com/hG1RR8SnEZ

— Alan Klement (@alanklement) July 1, 2017

Como não recordar "Nem de propósito!!!":

"The granddaddy of all [strategy] mistakes is competing to be the best, going down the same path as everybody else and thinking that somehow you can achieve better results."
...
"really robust strategy is based, instead, on delivering unique value on both the customer side and the ‘supply’ side."

Quando poupar é pecado

Ler "The Fallacy of Cost Savings":

"The direct way to reduce costs is not very often the best choice when what you cut costs of things that are strategic, and where reducing costs actually takes money out of the outcomes you are trying to improve.
...
By spending more on one line, you can drive down costs on other lines. For this to be true, you must be able to justify the delta between your price and the price your prospective client is paying now—and you have to convince them that price and cost are different, and that lowering the price often has the opposite effect of what they’re trying to accomplish."

Muitas PME mudaram, deixaram de seguir a via do preço mais baixo mas nem todas prepararam os seus comerciais para a necessidade de vender de outra forma.

Do lado dos compradores (no B2B) é aquilo que há anos classifico como: o pecado de poupar:

"don’t go after potential cost savings that might reduce a product’s attractiveness (Moi ici: Pois, a minha guerra contra o eficientismo puro e duro... quando identificamos as actividades críticas de uma empresa em que o negócio não é o preço mais baixo e digo "Poupar nestas actividades é pecado!") "(Novembro de 2012)

"uniqueness is a necessary condition for outstanding performance"

Quase me arrepiei ao perceber que escrevi este postal há sete anos, "Now, something completely different... para nos deixar a pensar", como o tempo voa.

A provocação desse postal, resultado de uma reflexão baseada no livro "Different: Escaping the Competitive Herd" de Youngme Moon, materializa-se neste texto, "Does It Pay to Hire Consultants? Evidence from the Bordeaux Wine Industry":

"On average, I found that wines made with the help of consultants had higher quality ratings. However, they also had less extreme quality ratings. Use of consultants, therefore, correlated with middle-of-the-road, less extreme wine ratings: neither excellent nor terrible. Many outstanding wineries did not use consultants, preferring to use only in-house talent.
...
This is because the coin of the consultant’s realm is knowledge, which has two main origins: expertise, gained through education and training, and experience, accumulated by working with clients. Importantly, the raison d’être of consultants is not to provide their clients with ordinary knowledge. It is to develop best practices and to use them to improve their clients’ performance.
...
Because best practices are more tested than the practices of individual firms, they decrease the likelihood of very low performance. On the other hand, uniqueness is a necessary condition for outstanding performance. Because best practices are less unique than the practices of individual firms, they also decrease the likelihood of very high performance."

BTW, "Paradoxically, the firms that could benefit the most from help are the very ones that are less likely to hire the help they need."

"de como a beleza combate o low-cost"

"The digital revolution was expected to kill traditional publishing. But print books are ever more beautifully designed and lovingly cherished The digital revolution was expected to kill traditional publishing.
...
Book covers looked very different a decade ago when the appearance of e-readers seemed to flummox a publishing industry reeling from the financial crisis and Amazon’s rampant colonisation of the market. Publishers responded to the threat of digitisation by making physical books that were as grey and forgettable as ebooks. It was an era of flimsy paperbacks and Photoshop covers, the publishers’ lack of confidence manifest in the shonkiness of the objects they were producing.
.
But after reaching a peak in 2014, sales of e-readers and ebooks have slowed and hardback sales have surged. The latest figures from the Publishing Association showed ebook sales falling 17% in 2016, with an 8% rise in their physical counterparts. At the same time, publishers’ production values have soared and bookshops have begun to fill up with books with covers of jewel-like beauty, often with gorgeously textured pages. As the great American cover designer Peter Mendelsund put it to me, books have “more cloth, more foil, more embossing, page staining, sewn bindings, deckled edges”.
...
Independent bookshops are benefiting from beautiful books, too. Mary James, who runs Aldeburgh Books in Suffolk with her husband, John, says business is flourishing. She thinks we’ve now had long enough with both forms of literature to recognise that “the greyness and the blandness of Kindle” can’t compete with a book you can touch and hold: “People can’t remember what they’ve read on Kindle. Because everything looks the same. They say, ‘I’m reading this book but I can’t remember what it’s called or who it’s by.’ With a printed book the physicality and colour and texture lodge in your mind.”"

Outro exemplo de como a arte, de como a diferenciação, de como a beleza combate o low-cost.

"Whether the physical book goes the way of the hand-illuminated manuscript, an object of merely historical interest for all its beauty, or whether this ancient piece of technology is here to stay, we should all be celebrating the work of the designers and publishers who have responded to the gauntlet thrown down by ebooks with such aplomb.
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We should also recognise that the most beautiful books of the last few years have also been some of the most brilliant and inspired. The care and attention lavished on those intricately illuminated medieval volumes said something important about what was written inside them, the value of the words within, and this is no less true today."

Trechos retirados de "How real books have trumped ebooks"

"a clearly articulated story"

"“Storytelling is the most underrated skill,”
...
“Companies that don’t have a clearly articulated story don’t have a clear and well thought-out strategy,”
...
business books are full of advice on how to achieve objectives and goals, but they’re light on explaining the “why” questions that matter the most:
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Why are we doing this? Why does the problem need to be solved? Why should you join this company? Why should you invest in this company? Why should you buy a product from this company? The answer to “why” is the company’s story. Horowitz told me that he believes a leader’s ability to articulate a clear and compelling vision –and to tell a story around the ‘why’—is fundamental to the task of leadership.
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“The story must explain at a fundamental level why you exist. Why does the world need your company? Why do we need to be doing what we’re doing and why is it important?”"

Fez-me lembrar o desafio que costumo lançar aos empresários: por que é que a sua empresa existe? Qual a sua razão de ser? Em que se diferencia?

E recordo em particular o empresário que me disse que não conseguiu adormecer porque percebeu que não sabia responder à pergunta.

Trechos retirados de "'Your Story Is Your Strategy' Says VC Who Backed Facebook And Twitter"

" It is impossible for any company, even yours, to be better or best at everything"

"you need to keep in mind that differentiation does not always work in your favor. Put down the rose-colored glasses and be honest about how well your features perform against competitors.
...
There is no such thing as "better" without "worse," and there is no 'best" without a "worst." It is impossible for any company, even yours, to be better or best at everything. That is tantamount to saying you are perfect, and I don't know of a single B2B market where that is a credible argument. You have to account for the things you are less good at. Focus on finding the positive, but recognize the negative.
...
think of differentiation in three ways: "nice to have," "must have," and "true." It is the true differentiation that ultimately wins you the business.

Competitive prices are also a must-have, but don't fall into the perception trap that so many suppliers fall prey to and that so many purchasing departments encourage. A competitive price is not synonymous with a low price. It is the right price for the right value you deliver."

Trechos retirados de Stephan M. Liozu. em "Dollarizing Differentiation Value: A Practical Guide for the Quantification and the Capture of Customer Value"

"Focus is a qualifier, obsession is a differentiator"

"High performing organizations, and people, are great at putting talent to work. Mostly because it’s about repetition. The problem is repetition doesn’t transcend; it stagnates. While obsessive people keep pushing the boundaries, stretching out beyond what is known into the unknown, trying different stuff.
...
The most interesting and successful people I know have an obsession with something. Whether it’s plants, fitness, drawing, painting, laughing, you name it; their mindset and drive is extreme compared to others who merely enjoy the same activities. Obsessive people look beyond the obvious, push boundaries, challenge assumptions to outperform themselves.
...
I see many people in business obsess over the wrong things all the time.
...
Focus is a qualifier, obsession is a differentiator
I know many talented operators (VP’s, General Managers) who obsess over metrics because that is how they’re evaluated, but this focus on metrics blinds you from the bigger picture: what matters to customers.
.
The most innovative and successful companies obsess over their customers to the point of being silly. They create their own practices to fulfill that obsession because existing practices are mediocre. This is what it take to be great, different and transcend beyond life as usual.
.
Passion and talent are necessary ingredients to achieve success in any endeavor. But, obsession is what separates the great from the good."

Como não recordar: Only the paranoid survive!

Em Mongo, com a explosão de tribos, teremos cada vez mais empresas a ter de servir nichos, a ter de servir pessoas que não ficam satisfeitas com a média.

Como não recordar o meu tempo de birdwatcher e as intermináveis discussões sobre qual o melhor guia de campo, o da Collins ou o da Hamlyn.

Sempre acreditei nisto, pessoas obcecadas acabam sempre por ter vantagem sobre as pessoas talentosas ou competentes. Só pessoas obcecadas têm a energia por trás da paixão de fazer diferente e de testar o que os outros evitam.

Trechos retirados de "Obsession: The Difference Between Good and Great"

PS: A memória fez-me recuar a 2007 e a este postal.

VRIO (parte I)

"Value does not exist in a vacuum. Your value - the value that will underpin your value-based pricing (VBP) - is always specific to a well-defined customer segment. Value is also relative to what your competitors offer to customers in the segment. By now your thinking should have moved away from generalizations (large markets, one-size-fits-all thinking) to focus on these narrower definitions, because these are the keys to your success with VBP.
...
Consider the following questions about what you deliver to your customers, day-in and day-out. What makes you special? What makes you unique as a whole? What makes your products unique? Can you be easily imitated? And how well are the answers to these questions expressed explicitly in your value proposition? The answers describe your competitive advantage, and these in turn provide the raw material for your value propositions. Competitive advantage takes three forms: measurable product and service differentiation, market position, and cost/price. The sum of these is your overall competitive advantage, as figure 5.1 shows. You will never be strong in all three, although combinations are possible.

Related to my comment above, I am tired of hearing the word commodity. Except for standardized items that are traded on international exchanges, such as a barrel of oil or a bushel of wheat, there is no such thing as a commodity. The frequency with which I hear that word usually correlates well with how beat up an organization is. They have given up on value, and they fight aggressively in bare-knuckled price wars instead of making the effort to find and extract their true differentiation. Please let me repeat: If you are still in business today, you are doing something right. You are adding value, and it goes beyond the product. It is therefore your responsibility to find your true differentiation, extract it, quantify it, and communicate it. No one else is going to do that for you. Your competitors are certainly not going to do so. And your buyers are not going to volunteer it!

Continua.

Trechos retirados de Stephan M. Liozu. em "Dollarizing Differentiation Value: A Practical Guide for the Quantification and the Capture of Customer Value"

Acerca da batota

Caro J, espero que esta missiva te vá encontrar chei@ de ganas e de ilusion:

"One of those questions comes up every time I talk with startups: How do you protect yourself from giants who might copy your idea?
.
For those of you who are up against incumbents, which is most everyone, here’s my answer:
.
Don’t compete, Out-think
Play the game you know you can win.
.
How?
.
Create a space for yourself that only you can own by doing what everyone else is unwilling to do. This is how all innovators win.
...
challenges a giants assumptions and beliefs. You want to do things that they find uninteresting, challenging and outside their experience. The added benefit is this gives your audience a surprise, you reset their expectations.
...
Giants are not disruptive by nature, rather they wait until it’s evident something is happening and react. So, if an idea has disruptive potential, it should make your competition uncomfortable; and that’s your space of opportunity.
.
Giants rarely put resources into ideas that challenge their assumptions and core business model because they don’t want to mess around with something that already works for them. Stability is too important for them, so their resources are focused on maintaining the status quo rather than exploring alternatives.
.
It’s very simple: Big companies have resources, what they don’t have is courage. By optimizing for their current business model, they set themselves up and ignore anything that is outside their model.
...
 If the game is designed for you to lose, don’t play that game. Play a different one. As a leader and entrepreneur, remember to always challenge assumptions, because it isn’t simply about being faster and cheaper, it’s about being different."

Trechos retirados de "How Startups Slay Giants"

Cabeças afuniladas

A primeira leitura de "Trump’s Anachronistic Trade Strategy" deixou-me com uma espinha na garganta:

"Unfortunately, old-fashioned protectionism will not boost American industrial competitiveness, even if it saves a few thousand jobs in sunset sectors."

O uso daquela terminologia "sunset sectors" cheirou-me a conversa da tríade...  recuei a Fevereiro mas de 2006 e a:

“… there are no “sunset” industries condemned to disappear in high wage economies, although there are certainly sunset and condemned strategies, among them building a business on the advantages to be gained by cheap labor”

O que motivou uma segunda leitura mais atenta. Então, mais espinhas surgiram:

"think of US products as being made not in the US, but in Factory North America. The goods made in Factory North America must compete with goods made in Factory Asia, Factory Europe, and so forth." 

Jogo de soma nula... não foi isto que as PME portuguesas fizeram e fazem. Migraram para nichos/segmentos que podem servir melhor, que podem servir com vantagem competitiva evitando um confronto directo com os tipo-alemães ou os tipo-chineses.

De resto, de acordo que o proteccionismo é um veneno que cria ilhas de custos-altos e pouco competitivas:

"This means that if the Trump administration imposes tariffs, it will turn the US into a high-cost island for industrial inputs. Firms might be induced to move some production back to the US, if it is strictly aimed at US consumers. But they will be equally encouraged to offshore production that is aimed at export markets, so that they can compete with Japanese, German, and Chinese producers outside of the US."[Moi ici: O Brasil é um bom exemplo da falência desta política]

Aquela cultura dos "sunset sectors" afunila as cabeças a só verem:

"With US workers already competing against robots at home, and against low-wage workers abroad, disrupting imports will just create more jobs for robots." 

Ou seja, só se concebe a competição pelo preço, logo, a melhoria da eficiência pela automatização. Algo ilustrado neste relato "An inside look at how automation and robots are transforming work in a manufacturing town".