Esta semana, na preparação de um workshop para o desenho de um mapa da estratégia, olho para um exemplo de Strategic-Current Reality Tree como este:
Ou este:domingo, maio 26, 2024
Contexto e teoria das restrições
sexta-feira, março 01, 2024
"a collection of powerful actors pursuing their agenda" (parte II)
Os últimos trechos que retiro de "The Discipline of Political Savvy" do livro "The Six Disciplines of Strategic Thinking" de Michael D. Watkins.
Ao ler estas linhas lembrei-me logo do exemplo da Jofebar sobre a qual escrevi aqui em:
- Um sistema de gestão que começa no negócio (Novembro de 2015)
- A mensagem de quem sabe quem são os seus alvos (Setembro de 2016)
- É nestes momentos de mudança ... (parte V) (Janeiro de 2019)
"To achieve your objectives, you need to identify potential winning coalitions
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Think too about potential blocking coalitions those who collectively have the power to say no and how you can avoid having opposition coalesce.
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Recognize also that relationships and alliances are not the same thing. This is not to say that relationships aren't valuable; they certainly are. However, they are not the sole basis for building alliances because understanding people's agendas and your alignment with them - or lack thereof - is also essential.
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Defining your influence objectives
The first step in developing your influence is seeking clarity about why you need the support of others.
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Understanding the key decision-makers
Armed with a clear understanding of what you're trying to accomplish, you can now focus on whose support is essential and how you will secure it. Start by identifying the alliances you need to build to achieve your objectives. To what extent do you need to gain the support of others over whom you don't have authority?
You may need to explore whether there are exchanges or "deals" you can strike that might help to win people over. Figure 15 summarizes common "currencies" for exchange in organizations, including providing resource or inspiration, confirming higher status, giving personal support and even simply expressing appreciation.
On top of identifying potential exchanges, you need to assess situational pressures, which means understanding the forces that are guiding the key decision-makers because of the context in which they operate. Think in terms of driving and restraining forces. Driving forces push people in the direction you want them to go, and restraining forces are situational reasons they would say no....You will also need to focus on how the people you want to influence perceive their alternatives or choices. What are the options from which they believe they can choose?"
O que pode ser feito para minimizar o foco de alguns empreiteiros no preço?
Parcerias Estratégicas: Desenvolver parcerias com arquitectos e designers para criar projectos de referência que mostrem o impacte positivo dos produtos Jofebar.
Comunicação Eficaz: Utilizar estudos de caso e testemunhos para destacar os benefícios dos produtos e como eles resolvem problemas específicos do sector.
Formação e Educação: Proporcionar formações ou workshops sobre as vantagens técnicas e estéticas dos produtos, aumentando o conhecimento técnico dos empreiteiros.
Serviço Pós-Venda: Garantir um excelente serviço pós-venda para construir confiança e fidelidade dos clientes, mostrando que o investimento vale a pena.
Já agora, a figura acima, assim como a linguagem destas duas partes, ilustram bem porque prefiro esta abordagem na ISO 9001:
segunda-feira, fevereiro 26, 2024
"a collection of powerful actors pursuing their agenda"
Há vinte anos que aprendi a trabalhar no desenho de paisagens competitivas, ou de ecossistemas da procura. Por isso, fico triste com o sub-aproveitamento, por parte das empresas, do tema das "partes interessadas" introduzido pela ISO 9001.
Algo do género:
- Determinar Partes Interessadas: Identificar as partes relevantes para o sistema de gestão da qualidade (SGQ), que podem incluir clientes, fornecedores, empregados, reguladores e outros que possam afetar ou ser afetados pela qualidade da organização. Traduzido em: Listar um conjunto de partes interessadas consideradas relevantes
- Avaliar Necessidades e Expectativas: Avaliar as necessidades e expectativas dessas partes interessadas, particularmente aquelas que são relevantes para o sistema de gestão da qualidade. Traduzido em: Listar os requisitos relevantes dessas partes interessadas relevantes
- Obrigações de Conformidade: Determinar as obrigações de conformidade, que podem incluir requisitos legais, normas da indústria e obrigações contratuais relacionadas com a qualidade. Traduzido em: Lista de obrigações de conformidade e dos requisitos que decorrem delas
- Monitorização Contínua: Monitorizar e rever as informações sobre as partes interessadas e os seus requisitos relevantes, garantindo que o SGQ permaneça alinhado com estas expectativas.
Criam-se estas listas e está feito. Poucos se interrogam, por que se criam estas listas, o que se faz com elas. Depois, brinca-se com coisas sérias. Ainda esta semana numa auditoria de acompanhamento o auditor sugeria a uma empresa, "Por que não colocam a entidade certificadora como parte interessada?" Porquê? Pergunto eu. Para quê? Qual o valor acrescentado disso para o negócio?
Ao iniciar a leitura do capítulo 6 "The Discipline of Political Savvy" do livro "The Six Disciplines of Strategic Thinking" de Michael D. Watkins encontro o tema das partes interessadas apresentado sob um ponto de vista interessante. O autor enquadra-o no âmbito das movimentações políticas dentro das organizações, mas eu aplico-o facilmente à relação com as partes interessadas.
"The higher you go, the more political organizations become. This is partly because the people at the top are intelligent and ambitious [Moi ici: Uma empresa e as suas partes interessadas são como as pessoas no topo de uma organização]. They have agendas [Moi ici: É preciso considerar os interesses de todas as partes envolvidas. Algo que falta no ponto 2 da lista acima e que considero no link anterior] - both in the business and in terms of recognition and advancement - that they aspire to advance. Further contributing to politicization at the top is the fact that the problems to be solved and decisions to be made at that level are more ambiguous. There seldom are "right" answers, so there is vigorous debate over the best way forward. The combination of ambitious people and ambiguous problems means that politics becomes a primary driver of outcomes at the highest levels of business. To develop and realize your goals, you must think strategically about building and sustaining alliances inside your organization. [Moi ici: Recordo o racional desenvolvido neste exemplo a partir dos jornais]
In addition, you need to be proactive in shaping the external political environment in which your organization operates. This means establishing and managing critical relationships with customers, suppliers and other key players in the value chain, such as joint venture and alliance partners. It also means teaming up to influence the powerful institutions that shape the "rules of the game," including governments at multiple levels, non-governmental organizations, the media and investors.In seeking to influence the rules of the game, it's helpful to imagine you are a corporate diplomat.International diplomats seek to protect and advance the interests of their nations by fostering relationships, building alliances and negotiating agreements. As a corporate diplomat, you must learn to do the same to protect and promote the interests of your business....What does it mean to think politically about organizations? The starting point is to visualize your business (and its external environment, too) as a collection of powerful actors pursuing their agenda - combinations of organizational and personal objectives they are trying to achieve....To achieve your objectives, you need to identify potential winning coalitions - the people who collectively have the power to support your agenda - and think about how you will build those coalitions....Think too about potential blocking coalitions - those who collectively have the power to say no - and how you can avoid having opposition coalesce. Who might ally themselves to try to block your agenda, and why? How might they seek to oppose you? If you have insight into where opposition might come from, you can work to neutralize it."
quinta-feira, junho 29, 2023
Quais são as partes interessadas
sábado, março 14, 2020
O mundo não vai acabar este ano
Entretanto, no Financial Times li "Fashion designers hit by coronavirus outbreak":
"For fashion’s supply chain to come undone, sometimes all it takes is a missing zip.O artigo deve ser lido até ao fim, por quem está no sector, uma vez que refere várias propostas, como, por exemplo, atrasar o começo da próxima época de saldos.
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“We had a whole shipment ready but there were no boxes to put clothing in,” said Ms Smilovic, whose company sources its fabric in northern Italy and manufactures much of its clothing in China, both heavily disrupted by the deadly coronavirus outbreak. “Material is not being made in northern Italy right now. Zippers are in short supply.”
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The $2.5tn global fashion industry is dominated by huge companies such as €200bn-LVMH but most designers are smaller businesses that supply department stores.
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It is these independent designers that are facing a cash flow crisis as supply chain delays and reduced demand due to the coronavirus outbreak lead stores to cut or refuse orders. Some are now rethinking their supply chains and dependence on China
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Around the world, less established designers, who rely almost entirely on wholesale partners for revenue, face an uncertain future.
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Many retailers have contracts — particularly with young or independent designers whose collections are seen as riskier bets — that allow them to refuse payment if orders do not arrive within a 30-day period. Some may still accept the goods, but only on a consignment basis, or seek discounts.
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This is creating a cash crisis for young designers, many of whom have just splashed out £80,000 or more on a fashion show, and must pay factories to produce both their pre-autumn ranges and the autumn/winter 2020 collections they have just shown at fashion week."
O ponto importante agora é evitar o momento Buscemi (recordo cena do filme Armageddon: o cenário é a superfície do meteorito, a personagem desempenhada por Buscemi (Rockhound) foi presa pelos colegas, porque entrou em pânico e só grita parvoíces. Entretanto, os outros continuam a fazer o seu trabalho. Pense nas oportunidades que uma situação como esta pode trazer?
Até que ponto pode tomar a iniciativa de contactar alguns destes designers e procurar chegar a um acordo com eles? O mundo não vai acabar este ano. De uma forma ou outra a vida vai continuar, porque não arranjar aliados para o próximo nível do jogo?
terça-feira, fevereiro 11, 2020
Planear a execução de uma estratégia
"Step one is to recognize your dependencies, i.e. your key stakeholders. [Moi ici: Desenhar o ecossistema de partes interessadas, um clássico deste blogue] You may think that this will be easy. And in a small business, like a convenience store, it initially is: customers, employees, suppliers, and owners. But then you become aware that some of the employees are also owners, and the complexity grows.
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The trick is to identify stakeholder roles. The same group of stakeholders can occupy more than one role.
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An essential second step, and one that I’ve been guilty of not stressing enough with clients, comes with the word “target.” It’s vitally important to identify your “target customer” before moving forward. [Moi ici: Outro clássico deste blogue, a identificação dos clientes-alvo]
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Isolating the target customer has massive implications, including in other stakeholder groups. ... Your strategic plan can’t be all things to all customers. So, take your time here to clearly define your target customer.
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The third step requires you to work out what your organization wants from each key stakeholder group for your organization to prosper.[Moi ici: Quando pensamos no que é que a nossa organização quer de uma parte interessada isso ajuda-nos a perceber se um segmento em particular faz sentido para o posicionamento da nossa organização]
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The fourth step is to identify what these stakeholder groups want from you. These are the key decision-making criteria that stakeholders use when interacting with your business. For example, these might include the factors influencing the decision to purchase from you (customers), work for you (employees), supply to you (suppliers) or invest in you (shareholders). [Moi ici: Outro clássico deste blogue e a base para a elaboração dos mapas da estratégia]
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Strategy design, your fifth step, involves deciding what your organization’s positions will be on the identified strategic factors for each key stakeholder group. [Moi ici: Desenhar os mapas da estratégia] This is shaped by the objectives you’ve set for your organization and the knowledge you’ve gleaned about your stakeholders’ current and future needs on strategic factors.
...Trechos retirados de "6 Steps to Make Your Strategic Plan Really Strategic"
The sixth step is continuous improvement. Recognize that no matter what you decide, there is no certainty in the result once you embark on implementation via an action plan and scorecard.
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Be prepared to adjust. View your strategic as being locked in an intimate tango with your key stakeholders. This dynamic perspective encourages openness, innovation and a preparedness to change."