Outra vez a vantagem dos ignorantes

Gosto do título, "For innovators ignorance is an asset", e da mensagem.
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Por isso, é que em tempos de mudança do mundo e dos seus paradigmas, os "ignorantes" encontram mais facilmente os novos modelos de negócio do que os conhecedores e especialistas do paradigma anterior.
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Recordar o que por aqui se tem escrito acerca dos empresários "ignorantes":

• Momentos e mudança no sector da moda (Abril de 2015);
• Acerca da estratégia (Abril de 2015); e
• A vantagem dos ignorantes (Janeiro de 2012)

A vantagem dos ignorantes

Da próxima vez que ler ou ouvir um encalhado a prever o descalabro da economia portuguesa que exporta (BTW, ontem estive numa empresa que espera este ano não ser obrigada a crescer o mesmo que cresceu em 2011, mais de 60%) vou recordar estas palavras de Gary Hamel retiradas do capítulo VII do livro "The Future of Management"
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O título fez-me recuar a 2009 e ao suíço que se dedicou a produzir azeite quando ainda não era sexy fazê-lo.
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"Going to War with Precedent
To get started, you’re going to have to cross swords with innovation’s deadliest foe: the often unarticulated and mostly unexamined beliefs that tether you and your coleagues to the management status quo. Al of us are held hostage by our axiomatic beliefs. We are jailbirds incarcerated within the fortress of dogma and precedent. And yet, for the most part, we are oblivious to our own captivity. (Moi ici: Como é que os números das exportações portuguesas são explicados pela tríade? Como explicam o seu crescimento? Como explicam a balança comercial sem o impacte dos combustíveis?)
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“The people who have a stake in the old technology are never the ones to embrace the new technology. It’s always someone a bit on the periphery, who hasn’t got anything to gain by the status quo, who is interested in changing it.” Of course it’s hard to think like an outsider when you’ve spent years swimming in the mainstream. (Moi ici: É a companhia de Parsifal e Siegfried, é a vantagem dos que abandonam o rolo uniformizador de modelos mentais da escola...)
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Like fish that can’t conceive of a world not immersed in water, most of us can’t envision management practices that don’t correspond to the norms of our own experience.
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Remember the old saw about the tendency of generals to refight the last war rather than the one at hand? (Moi ici: Quando os generais encalhados da tríade acham que podemos competir no campeonato do preço mais baixo a produzir grandes séries uniformizadas, pensam em reduzir salários e aumentar tempo de trabalho... quantos falam de aumentar a flexibilidade? O que se segue aplica-se tão bem ao que sentia quando escrevi este postal ou ainda este outro) Like experts in other fields, military leaders have a hard time dethroning out-of-date beliefs. One example: for nearly a century after the invention of the musket, European generals continued to arrange their infantry in formations better suited to pikes and bows than to flintlocks. Two generations of commanders had to pass from the scene before new and more appropriate force formations final y supplanted traditional battlefield groupings. This anecdote ilustrates two important characteristics of any dominant paradigm: first, it is usual y bequeathed from one generation to the next; and second, the beneficiaries often take possession without questioning its provenance or its relevance to new contexts.
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Think about it: How did you come by your basic beliefs about the best way to organize, motivate, lead, plan, and alocate resources? No doubt you were socialized and indoctrinated—in B-school lectures and management development programs, in coaching sessions with mentors and in conversations with col eagues. The fact is, you inherited most of your management beliefs from others. They came to you, secondhand, from celebrity CEOs, management gurus, and gray-haired professors—most of whom are either long-dead, long-retired, or long in the tooth. Now, with so much change afoot, it’s time to reexamine your heirloom beliefs.
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Temporary Truths
A glance back through history reminds us that time often proves conventional wisdom wrong. As it happens, the sun doesn’t revolve around the earth. Infectious diseases are not caused by bad humors. And the world wasn’t created in six days. The future has a way of making monkeys out of die-hards who cling too long to old certainties."

Na companhia de Siegfried e Parsifal

Jeremy Gutsche em "Exploiting Chaos" escreve:

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"Accept that the world never returns to normal.

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Successful innovators do not get caught up in the turmoil of change. They don't wait for the world to return to normal. Impervious to the clutter that surrounds them, these vanguards adapt to opportunity.

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The only things slowing you down are the rules you need to break.

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The pursuit of opportunity will require you to think differently and break the rules that paralyze change."

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Durante a minha última audição de "Gut feelings" de Gerd Gigerenzer fixei isto:

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"Imitation can pay in a stable environment. How should a son run his father’s company? When the business world in which the company operates is relatively stable, the son may be well advised to imitate the successful father, rather than starting from scratch by introducing new policies with unknown consequences.

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When is imitation futile? As mentioned before, when the world is quickly changing, imitation can be inferior to individual learning. Consider once again the son who inherits his father’s firm and copies his successful practices, which have made a fortune over decades. Yet when the environment changes quickly, as in the globalization of the market, the formerly winning strategy can cause bankruptcy. In general, imitating traditional practice tends to be successful when changes are slow, and futile when changes are fast."

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Ambos os autores chamam a atenção para, em pleno caos, em plena turbulência, arriscar e quebrar as regras que impedem a adaptação a novas oportunidades. 

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E dei comigo a pensar nos gerentes com a 6ª classe que fazem o que Daniel Bessa e a galeria de encalhados da tríade dizem que é impossível, competir com sucesso num mundo globalizado, apesar de terem o marco alemão como moeda. Os que não conhecem as regras... alteram as regras!!! Os que não conhecem as regras... criam novas regras!!! E, de repente, encontro a harmonia e sintonia com Gigerenzer:

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"The power of ignorance to speed up social change is a common plot in literature. Among the many heroes in Wagner’s Ring of the Nibelung, Siegfried is the most clueless one. Siegfried grows up without parental care. He is the naive hero who acts impulsively, whose adventures happen to him, rather than being deliberately planned. Siegfried’s combination of ignorance and fearlessness is the weapon that eventually brings down the rule of the Gods. Similar to Siegfried is Parsifal, the hero of Wagner’s last work. Brought up by his mother in a lonely forest, he knows nothing about the world when he begins his quest for the Holy Grail. The strength of Siegfried, Parsifal, and similar characters lies in their not knowing the laws that rule the social world. ... Ignorance of the status quo, and so a lack of respect for it, is a great weapon with which to revolutionize the social order. These heroes’ intuitive actions were based on missing knowledge, but the gut feeling “I can do it!” can succeed even when based on false information."

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Hoje, encontro este texto "Why Best Buy is Going out of Business...Gradually" (BTW, ao lê-lo, pensem na reacção do comércio tradicional à chegada das grandes superfícies. Façam o paralelismo com a reacção das grandes superfícies ao advento das Amazon e outras) e pensei logo nos encalhados e na sua fixação doentia nos custos, apesar das evidências factuais de que algo de diferente está a funcionar (o valor):

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"First comes the strategic bankruptcy, ..., where management’s sole focus is improving some arbitrary metric from last quarter, even when doing so actually interferes with customers trying to buy something else."