A importância da história e da experiência

Ontem, em "Um adepto e promotor incondicional da concorrência imperfeita (parte III)", escrevi:

"Uma PME não tem recursos para adquirir competências que permitam enxertar um outro ADN na sua matriz. Assim, o novo futuro tem de partir de uma base que já tem, que já domina"

Conhecem a Baxter? Não é uma PME. É uma multinacional farmacêutica com recursos. Em Maio de 2002 lançou no mercado a Pulse, uma marca de água com nutrientes:

" A subsidiary of Baxter International Inc. today launched PULSE, a line of water + nutrients supplements. PULSE products are the first dietary supplements of this type to be developed and marketed by an established, global health care company.
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"Baxter is uniquely positioned to launch this product given our knowledge and history in nutrition, and our experience developing health-related products," said Arline McDonald, Ph.D., senior project manager at Baxter. "PULSE is another first from a company that is a recognized innovator in the health care industry.""

Este lançamento porquê?

"The bottled water market was (and still is) one of the fastest growing beverage segments. More than $25 billion in bottled water was sold in the United States in 2000, and this volume was expected to keep growing at more than 5 percent annually.
Meanwhile, nutritional supplements were growing at rates of between 7 and 15 percent annually.
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Seduced by these alluring statistics and trends, many companies - ranging from beverage manufacturers to pharmaceutical companies - introduced new products aimed at grabbing a piece of this growing market.
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To make a long story short, PULSE was a flop. Walk into your grocery store today and you’re very likely to find other leading “nutritional waters,” including Dasani Nutriwater from Coca-Cola, Veryfine Fruit20 from Kraft, and Propel and Aquafina Essentials from PepsiCo. You’re very unlikely to find anything called PULSE.... What went wrong? Simply put, Baxter was leaving behind its strengths and entering an entirely new strategic segment - a strategic segment of ready-to-serve water and soft drinks that was crowded with established players that already understood the retail channel in a way that Baxter never would. Skill in packaging water - other than the purely promotional aspect of packaging - was mostly irrelevant in this market. There was almost no chance that Baxter would achieve economies of scope or scale or would provide a compelling enough menu of benefits to consumers for PULSE to dislodge the other entrants in the field."

Parece que não são só as PMEs que têm de se manter fieis ao seu ADN, à sua experiência, à sua história.
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Se nem uma multinacional pode fugir a esta regra, cuidado com a sua PME.
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Trechos retirados de "Where Value Hides" de Stuart Jackson.