"One is the notion of reshoring: some Western manufacturers are “bringing manufacturing back home,” but our understanding of why exactly this occurs is limited.
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Location decisions must be understood not just through the lens of economic attractiveness of one region or country over another, but also as a decision where many organizational and technological interdependencies become relevant: decisions about where to locate manufacturing link to other decisions, such as location of research and development activities with other value chain activities and actors, such as product development, suppliers, and markets.
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When and why should policy makers be interested in production location decisions? Understanding value creation is central to understanding the role of production both within a firm and within a national economy.
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Our results suggest that contemporary location decisions link intimately to three dimensions of interdependence with suppliers, market, and development activities: formalization, coupling, and specificity.
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...Mongo implica mais proximidade e interacção com clientes e fornecedores, e maior rapidez na evolução da produção e do desenvolvimento.
we find the proposition that coupling is the most important source of interdependence in location decisions plausible. Specifically, if production is tightly coupled with development, relocating one implies relocating the other. In contrast, low formalization of the Production- Development Dyad may make it easier to manage the relationship if the two activities are geographically collocated, but coordination can succeed even without collocation as well.
We also observe that the common denominator in the cases where production takes place only in the low-cost country is high formalization combined with low specificity. This is not surprising: It is specifically the routinized, generic forms of production that become candidates for both outsourcing and offshoring.
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In our analysis of the 35 location decisions, the key theme that repeated itself throughout the cases was the notion of interdependence of activities. As a general finding, this is hardly surprising, but the detailed understanding of how formalization, specificity, and coupling link to location decisions has the potential to both inform firm-level strategies and to at least introduce new vocabulary into discussions of economic policy."
Trechos e imagem retirada de "Why locate manufacturing in a high-cost country? A case study of 35 production location decisions" publicado por Journal of Operations Management 49-51 (2017) 20-30
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