Variedade e variabilidade e mais variabilidade

Neste postal reflecti sobre o perigo da cristalização, e sobre a diferença entre variedade e variabilidade.
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A leitura do livro "The future of competition" de C.K. Prahalad e Venkat Ramaswamy permitiu-me avançar um pouco mais nessa reflexão.
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Quem presta serviços tem de apostar na variabilidade da prestação em função de quem é servido, dado que cada cliente é diferente e tem expectativas diferentes.
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"A basic tension is emerging between the Total Quality Management (TQM) of products and processes versus what might be called Experience Quality Management (EQM). Traditional product-oriented TQM taught us to stamp out variation in a bid to control product quality. But EQM means combining heterogeneity - in other words, variability - with quality of execution.
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The same consumer who demands a unique, personalized experience also demands responsiveness, speed, reliability, and cross-channel consistency in actually experiencing the underlying event staisfactorily. How can we simultaneously meet such seemingly contradictory demands?
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The answer lies in the crucial distinction between variability in consumer experiences - access to many alternative channels, products, and services - and variability in the underlying processes. The former is our ally; the latter is our enemy. The trick is in configuring an array of resources so as to create a multitude of possible experiences while maintaining the quality of each of the underlying subprocesses.
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In other words, the experience network must be designed to accommodate variation in experiences while reducing variation in the quality of the supply processes that are activated to co-construct those experiences."