Ainda acerca do capítulo que ando a ler, após recomendação de Karl Weick, "13 Operating at the Sharp End: The Complexity of Human Error" de Richard I. Cook e David D. Woods, mais uns trechos acerca dos bombos da festa:
"These are situations in which practitioners have the responsibility for the outcome but lack the authority to take the actions they see as necessary. Regardless of how the practitioners resolve a trade-off, from hindsight they are vulnerable to charges of and penalties for error.
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The results of research on the role of responsibility and authority are limited but consistent-splitting authority and responsibility appears to have bad consequences for the ability of operational systems to handle variability and surprises that go beyond preplanned routines
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Together the conflicts produce a situation for the practitioner that appears to be a maze of potential pitfalls. This combination of pressures and goals that produce a conflicted environment for work is what we call the n-tuple bind. ' The practitioner is confronted with the need to follow a single course of action from a myriad of possible courses. The choice of how to proceed is constrained by both the technical characteristics of the domain and the need to satisfy the "correct" set of goals at a given moment chosen from the many potentially relevant ones. This is an example of an overconstrained problem, one in which it is impossible to maximize the function or work product on all dimensions simultaneously. Unlike simple laboratory worlds with a "best" choice, real complex systems intrinsically contain conflicts that must be resolved by the practitioners at the sharp end. Retrospective critiques of the choices made in system operation will always be informed by hindsight."
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