Servitização

A propósito da progressiva servitização dos fabricantes de equipamentos, a propósito do fervilhar de novos modelos de negócio com novas vias para o pagamento, a propósito do progresso das ideias que defendem que tudo é serviço e os produtos não passam de um avatar, este interessante artigo "Firms’ Intentions to Use Nonownership Services":

"Fierce competition and high market complexity have forced traditional product manufacturers to gradually shift their focus from tangible products to intangibles, such as skills and knowledge, and to extend their service offerings
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adopting a service-dominant logic may help firms to restructure their business model away from selling goods and towards offering access to goods
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Business-to-business (B2B) services are an important force driving the growth of the service sector. Important subsectors of B2B services that are also examples of nonownership services include rental, outsourcing, and leasing. Leasing is one of the most widely used nonownership B2B services and the focus
of this study. Leased equipment accounted for approximately one third of the capital equipment in the United States in 2010, and for 28% of the same in Europe in 2008.
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we define nonowner-ship service as service in which customers acquire some property rights to an asset and are offered a certain degree of freedom in using this asset for a specified period while the burdens of ownership remain with the owner. Intentions to use nonownership services are defined as a firm’s definite plan to acquire access to an asset through nonownership
Cash and liquid asset management....
Our qualitative study shows that many firms that are struggling to raise funds and/or do not have sufficient collateral for loans will opt for nonownership to preserve liquidity. According to seven of the ten interviewees, non-own ership provides a viable alternative form of financing and liquidity.
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Control over assets.The use of nonownership services affects firms’ strategic orientation, such as their maintenance strategy. Thus, we conjecture that firms choosing nonownership services not only take financial issues into account but also consider whether leasing will support other strategic objectives.
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Latest technology and tools....
We argue that the rapid development of technology leads to a cycle of gaps that continue to widen once a new technology has been implemented. Managers seeking to fill these gaps adopt suggestions and innovations promoted by fashion setters.
We believe that to close these gaps, firms adopt new technologies that put them at the forefront of their industries. The new technologies lead to new management techniques that lead to new performance gaps, creating a constant cycle of replacement and renewal. Here, we propose that nonownership is especially attractive to firms striving to obtain access to the latest technology and tools.
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Half of the respondents from the qualitative study state that companies interested in using the latest assets use nonownership services. Nonownership seems especially attractive to firms using assets that are constantly replaced by new developments and quickly go out of fashion
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The moderating role of firm size....
firm size shapes firms’ nonownership services use. Specifically, small firms are more focused (or often must focus) on the liquidity-related aspects of non-ownership than larger firms are. For many smaller firms, nonownership services are a substitute for high cost financing and necessary for either survival or growth. Thus, firm size, liquid asset management, and nonownership are linked. We conjecture that the size of the company moderates the relationship between the extent to which firms value liquidity and their intentions to use nonownership services.
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The moderating role of risk of obsolescence.Firms’ asset replacement decisions are driven by either the poor performance of the current asset (performance obsolescence) or the availability of a newer, improved version of the asset (technological obsolescence). Firms interested in using the latest technology and tools continuously face the risk of asset obsolescence because the introduction of a new version may create the sense that the current asset is outmoded. Nonownership allows firms to transfer this risk to the service provider."