terça-feira, setembro 04, 2012

Apostar na imperfeição da concorrência

Excelente texto:
"For the mainstream of economic theory the notion of competition has come to be associated with the absence of market power (to effect change in price or product quality). A competitive market is one in which no firm possesses market power. There is a certain reasonableness to this use of the term. Competition is seen as the antithesis of monopoly. Monopoly is identified with possession of the power to name one’s price without having to worry whether this will encourage one’s potential customers to seek more favorable terms elsewhere. (Moi ici: A Apple é uma empresa que goza de um monopólio? A Apple não tem "market power"?)
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Competition is therefore reasonably understood to mean the situation in markets where such monopoly power is absent. “Perfect” competition therefore came to mean the situation in markets where each and every participant lacks any power whatever directly to influence product price or product quality. The conditions needed to define such a perfect situation are, as we would expect, completely unrealistic, including universal perfect information concerning all current market events and potential events. But this is not necessarily a damning weakness; the notion of the state of perfect competition is, after all, seen in mainstream economics not as a description of reality, but as a model able to serve (a) as a theoretical framework helpful for understanding real-world markets, and (b) as a yardstick of perfection against which to assess the seriousness with which real-world situations (of less-than-“perfect” competition) fall short, in terms of the resulting pattern of resource allocation, as compared with the perfectly competitive efficiency ideal. It is this model of perfect competition which is, in mainstream economics, seen as the heart of the law of supply and demand, and which has, in the history of modern antitrust policy, driven governmental efforts to “maintain competition”—that is, to secure a structure of industry reasonably close to the perfectly competitive ideal.
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Following a long tradition in economics going back at least to Adam Smith, Austrians define a competitive market not as a situation where no participant or potential participant has the power to make any difference, but as amarket where no potential participant faces nonmarket obstacles to entry."
Por isso é que somos promotores da concorrência imperfeita e dos monopólios informais.
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Trecho retirado de "The Irresistible Force of Market Competition"

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