Set themselves up for destructive competition...

"Bad strategy often stems from the way managers think about competition, he noted. Many companies set out to be the best in their industry, and then the best in every aspect of business, from marketing to supply chain to product development. The problem with that way of thinking is there is no best company in any industry. "What is the best car?" he asked. "It depends on who is using it. It depends on what it's being used for. It depends on the budget."

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"Managers who think there is one best company and one best set of processes set themselves up for destructive competition. (Voltar atrás e reler este trecho) "The worst error is to compete with your competition on the same things," Porter said. "That only leads to escalation, which leads to lower prices or higher costs unless the competitor is inept." Companies should strive to be unique, he added. Managers should be asking, "How can you deliver a unique value to meet an important set of needs for an important set of customers?"

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One more mistake managers make is confusing operational effectiveness with strategy. Operational effectiveness is, in essence, extending best practices. Good operations can drive performance, Porter said, but added: "The trouble with that is it's hard to sustain. If it's a best practice, everybody will do it, too."

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"None of this is easy, he conceded. "The real challenge of management is you have to do these things together at the same time. You have to keep up with best practices while solidifying, clarifying and enhancing your unique positions."

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"Managers often tend to let incremental improvements in operations crowd out the larger strategy of building a unique business that will retain its competitive advantage", (melhorias incrementais... despachar a responsabilidade pelo aumento da produtividade dos gestores para os operacionais) Porter noted. To bypass this problem, managers must keep the competitive strategy in mind at all times. "Every day, every meeting, every decision, has to be clear.... Is this an operational best practice or is this something that's improving on my strategic distinction?"

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"He went on to describe key principles of strategic positioning, including a unique value proposition, a tailored value chain, clear tradeoffs in choosing what not to do, and strategic continuation, or ongoing improvement. The underpinnings of strategy are "activities that fit together and reinvigorate each other." (disciplina de valor assente em trade-offs que obrigam a escolhas).

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Trechos retirados de "Michael Porter Asks, and Answers: Why Do Good Managers Set Bad Strategies?"