Reforçar a crença na capacidade de mudar.

Mais um trecho interessante retirado de "The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be" de Katy Milkman:

"It’s common to give out advice when we see someone struggling to achieve a goal. We often think guidance is just the thing they’re looking for, whether they ask for it or not.

...

when it came to being more successful, people had plenty of good ideas for how to do it. Even underperforming salespeople, C students, unemployed job seekers, and spendthrifts struggling to save consistently offered smart strategies for improving their circumstances. Students made suggestions ranging from the mundane ("Turn off your phone when you're studying") to the creative ("Put candy at the bottom of a worksheet, and when you finish, you can eat it"). People with money problems advised "Don't pay with a credit card." Job seekers suggested keeping résumés up-to-date and carrying them at all times. Almost everyone knew what to do to overcome their problems; they just weren't doing it.

Lauren began to suspect that this failure to act wasn't related to a lack of knowledge, but rather to self-doubt what the legendary Stanford psychologist Al Bandura has called "a lack of self-efficacy." Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in their ability to control their own behavior, motivation, and social circumstances. ... goal strivers are sometimes plagued by insecurity. In fact, a lack of self-efficacy can prevent us from setting goals in the first place.

...

Research confirms the obvious: when we don't believe we have the capacity to change, we don't make as much progress changing.

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Too often, we assume that the obstacle to change in others is ignorance, and so we offer advice to mend that gap. But what if the problem isn’t ignorance but confidence—and our unsolicited wisdom isn’t making things better but worse?

...

prompting goal seekers to offer advice led them to feel more motivated than when they were given the very same caliber of advice.

...

being asked to give advice conveyed to people that more was expected of them, boosting their confidence."

O problema não é falta de conhecimento.

O problema é não acreditar que se consegue aplicar esse conhecimento com sucesso. Por isso, muitas intervenções eficazes não se centram em ensinar mais, mas em reforçar a crença na capacidade de mudar.