A experiência pode ser uma desvantagem (parte II)

Continuado daqui.
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Via @Jabaldaia cheguei a um interessante texto sobre como a experiência, a proficiência, cobra uma taxa na nossa capacidade mental. Assim, quando o mundo muda... podemos ficar inabilitados a lidar com essa mesma mudança, por que a experiência cega-nos e aplicamos a receita do costume quando ela já está ultrapassada.
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"Expertise might also come with a dark side, as all those learned patterns make it harder for us to integrate wholly new knowledge.
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The problem with our cognitive chunks is that they’re fully formed – an inflexible pattern we impose on the world – which means they tend to be resistant to sudden changes, such as a street detour in central London. They also are a practiced habit, and so we tend to rely on them even when they might not be applicable.
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The larger lesson is that the brain is a deeply constrained thinking machine, full of cognitive tradeoffs and zero-sum constraints. Those chess professionals and London cabbies can perform seemingly superhuman mental feats, as they chunk their world into memorable patterns. However, those same talents make them bad at seeing beyond their chunks, at making sense of games and places they can’t easily understand."
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Trechos retirados de "The Cognitive Cost Of Expertise"