Curiosidade do dia

No FT do passado dia 27 li "Do broken windows mean a broken Britain?".

O autor avança uma explicação para que as estatísticas mostrem que os níveis de criminalidade estão hoje entre os mais baixos do século, e, no entanto, a percepção pública de insegurança tem aumentado. 

Pequenos sinais de incivilidade têm um efeito desproporcionado sobre o sentimento de segurança, agravado pela quebra do policiamento de proximidade e por cortes no sistema de justiça. 

O crime estatístico baixa, mas a insegurança sobe porque as pessoas reagem mais ao que vêem e sentem no dia a dia (incivilidade, vandalismo, ausência de polícia visível) do que aos números agregados.

"Despite falling reported crime rates, the UK public perceive crime to be rising. This disconnect can be explained by the changing composition of crime. While total crime has fallen in England and Wales, "street crime" has risen rapidly. Over the past decade, reported shoplifting has risen by over 50 per cent, robberies (including phone and car theft) by over 60 per cent and knife crime by almost 90 per cent. Public order offences have almost trebled.

When judging crime, people tend to use mental short-cuts such as the "availability heuristic". The visibility and highly personal nature of street crime means it has an outsized effect on public perceptions. So too does the UK's creaking criminal justice system with police numbers per head of population, and sentencing and prosecution rates, all having fallen sharply.

This has created a sense of criminal injustice. Half the public now lack trust in the police and nearly 40 per cent think they are doing a bad job. One consequence of this perception of injustice is a failure to even report crime: over 40 per cent of the public now say they are unlikely to report minor offences. This means the "eyes of the street" may have a better sense of true crime rates than reported statistics."